摘要:
A ceramic heater (1) has a structure in which a resistance heating element (12) mainly composed of a metal having a high melting point is embedded in a ceramic substrate (11). The average grain size dH for grains of said resistance heating element (12) is caused to be in the range 0.3 to 1.2 µm; and grains of said resistance heating element (12) are such that, the difference between a grain size d90%, (i.e. the grain size which 90% of the grains are smaller than), and a grain size d10%, (i.e. the grain size which 10% of the grains are smaller than), i.e. a difference d90% - d10%, is not greater than 1.5 µm.
摘要:
A radiation imaging apparatus comprising: a radiation detector; a field modulator that modulates the radiation that reaches the detector and is defined by a transmission function; a scanner system for changing the pose of at least the field modulator; and an image reconstruction section that receives a radiation reading from the radiation detector for each of a plurality of angular orientations of the field modulator, and is configured to process the received readings to derive an image representing the amount of radiation originating from each point in an image domain, wherein the transmission function of the field modulator comprises a low transmission region that attenuates radiation incident toward the detector from angular directions defined by that low transmission region, and a high transmission region that transmits to the detector radiation that is incident toward the detector from angular directions defined by that high transmission region, wherein said regions are arranged such that: for each incident angle in the high transmission region, there is at least one incident angle in the low transmission region that is separated therefrom by less than a first angle, wherein said first angle is 10 degrees; and for each incident angle in the high transmission region, the majority of other incident angles in the high transmission region are separated therefrom by more than a second angle, wherein said second angle is 20 degrees.
摘要:
A sensor for fluorescence measurement comprising: a light source arranged for emitting light to a sample region, wherein the light source intensity is modulatable; an indicator system located at the sample region, said indicator system comprising: a receptor for an analyte; and a fluorophore associated with said receptor, wherein the fluorophore has a fluorescence lifetime that changes in response to the presence of analyte at the receptor; a single photon avalanche diode arranged to receive fluorescence light emitted from said sample region in response to the light incident on the sample region from the light source, and to generate an output signal; a driver arranged to modulate the light source intensity at a first frequency; a bias voltage source arranged to apply a bias voltage to the single photon avalanche diode, wherein the bias voltage is modulated at a second frequency, different from the first frequency, and wherein the bias voltage is above the breakdown voltage of the single photon avalanche diode; and a signal processor arranged to determine information related to a fluorescence lifetime of the fluorophore based on at least the output signal of the single photon avalanche diode.
摘要:
Disclosed is an image-forming apparatus (1) equipped with a conversion means (21) for converting a page code language into a render command; a first rendering means (31) for rendering the render command using a hardware processing means (3); a second rendering means (22) for rendering the render command using a software processing means (2); a storage means (33) for storing information related to the render command that renders using the first rendering means; a reading means (26) for reading information related to the stored render command; judgment means (27) for judging whether to render the render command using either rendering means based on information related to the read render command; and a control means (28) for rendering the render command with the judged rendering mean. Objects are to suppress expansion of a hardware circuit size and to increase flexibility without requiring a change of software to correspond to a change of hardware.
摘要:
Disclosed is an image forming system (1) provided with: a controller (2) which comprises a list creation means (21) for creating a display list, a decompression means (23) for decompressing image data that has been compressed, a drawing means (22) for performing drawing from image data, and a print data creation means (25) for creating print data; and a rasterization accelerator (3) which comprises a second drawing means (31) for performing drawing in accordance with the display list, and compression means (32, 33, 34) for compressing image data drawn by the second drawing means, wherein the rasterization accelerator is provided with a determination means (35) for determining from display list information whether or not image data is compressed and for determining the compression method employed when compression is performed by the compression means, the determination means (35) being provided for the purpose of allowing optimal compression in accordance with the type and volume of image data and for the purpose of compressing image data to the greatest extent possible in order to reduce transmission time to a controller.
摘要:
An objective lens for use in an optical pickup apparatus having a first light source (111) to emit a light flux having a wavelength λ1, a second light source (112) to emit a light flux having a wavelength λ2 (λ1