摘要:
A papermaking machine has a stock manifold or headbox which is tapered in the machine direction. Paper stock flows through a bank of tubes (18) from the stock manifold to a slice for injecting stock onto a forming wire (12). Each tube in the tube bank (18) extends in a plane which is substantially parallel to the direction of motion of the paper web being formed. The tubes are connected to the interior of the headbox manifold along a stock supply wall. A plurality of supply conduits (36) are connected to the supply wall and discharge emollients such as chemicals and fillers into the manifold where they are immediately drawn, together with the stock, into adjacent tube ends which feed the stock and added chemicals to the slice for forming a paper web.
摘要:
A papermaking machine has a heated Extended Nip press (20) following the pressing section. High temperature pressing raises the exit solids out of the press to 55 to 65 percent. The web then enters a high intensity dryer section (22) where the web is pressed onto a dryer roll (55) in intimate contact with the roll where it is dried up to approximately 90 percent solids. A coating on the dryer roll and the Extended Nip backing roll (24) is composed of ceramic, metal and a fluorocarbon to allow the web to be separated from the backing roll and the dryer roll with ease. The dryer roll is internally heated by steam or preferably gas to between 93-260 °C. An aircap positioned over the web on the dryer blows hot air at a temperature of 93-260 °C at a velocity of 76 to 152 m/s onto the web.
摘要:
The centrifugal cleaner (20) of this invention is of the type having an inverted cylindrical cone (36), with a tangential inlet (34) at the top and an outlet at the bottom (26). The improvement consists of placing a ring (22) or flow smoothing means on the inside surface of the cylindrical cone about one-half the diameter of the base of the cone (36) down from the inlet. The ring (22) forces the stock injected into the centrifugal cleaner (20) to flow towards the axis of the cone away from the inside cone wall. Once the stock passes over the dam (22) it once again flows to the inner wall of the cone (36). The stock, in being forced to flow over the ring (22), is made uniform, eliminating spiraling of the flow which has been found to decrease the efficiency with which separation within the cleaner is accomplished.
摘要:
A controlled crown roll utilizes a crown support piston (76) with a glide shoe (78) with a cavity (80) in the face of the glide shoe centered under the nip loading line. The cavity is surrounded by a land area (83), the majority of which is located away from the nip load. Use of a low viscosity hydraulic fluid, for example, 15.6 cP, with a hydraulic film thickness of 0.002 inches, results in significantly lower friction between the glide shoe and the interior surface (40) of the rotating mantle. Recesses in the piston sides form hydrostatic thrust bearings (82) which perform the centering function for the piston and the glide shoe.
摘要:
A hydrodynamic device for generating negative pressure excursions in a pulp slurry during fine screening, includes a plurality of half-foil members disposed on a substantially cylindrical outer surface of a rotor. The rotor is mounted within and co-axial with a substantially cylindrical screen having a circumferentially continuous apertured zone to define an annular screening chamber between the rotor and the screen. The half-foil members are collectively at least axially co-extensive with the apertured zone and have a leading edge which, also collectively, is inclined at a spiral angle relative to the axis of the rotor such that during rotation, the collective leading edge of the half-foil members conduct large particles downwardly through the screening chamber. A selection of hydrodynamic foil configurations is provided in order to adapt to a wide range of pulp types and screening conditions.
摘要:
Air is drawn upwardly through a vertical air separation chamber (22) with an open bottom. Material (26) to be separated is introduced into the rising stream of air. Material having a smaller ballistic cross-section rises, while heavier material falls through the open bottom. The air stream is controlled to below about 1,500 feet per minute (457m/min). The dispersion of the material is accomplished with a jet of air taken from a plenum (34) connected to an air recirculation system. The air jet is introduced immediately below the material inlet to the chamber. The jet of air breaks up and disperses the material. An air recirculation system includes a fan (58) which draws air out of the top of the air separation chamber by way of a cyclone (56). The air extracted from the cyclone is reintroduced at the bottom of the air separation chamber from a surrounding plenum (64).
摘要:
A mixture of air and paper stock (36) made from recycled paper from which the ink particles have been chemically released is injected into a cylindrical processing vessel (22). Added surfactants create a foam (40) from the air as it rises through the stock (36) and cause the ink particles to adhere to the air bubbles, resulting in a foam containing a concentrated fraction of the ink particles with some included fibres. The foam rises to the top (43) of the vessel (22), and carries with it ink particles. Additional air injection ports (53) can be used to increase the amount of foam generated and the amount of ink removed. Flow of stock (36) and foam (42) from the vessel (22) can be controlled by adjusting valves (70) on the stock (34) and foam outlets (44, 56). Flotation sensors (60) allow the foam head to be maintained at the stock level by controlling the rate at which foam (42) is withdrawn through the foam outlets (44, 56).