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公开(公告)号：EP0899711A3
公开(公告)日：1999-09-01
申请号：EP98306632.5
申请日：1998-08-19
申请人： Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha , Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Gov. of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G09G3/3629 , G09G2310/06
摘要： The invention relates to multiplex addressing of a liquid crystal device comprising applying a strobe signal to one of a first plurality of electrodes of the device and a data signal to one of a second plurality of electrodes of the device. The strobe and data signals address a pixel of the device. The data signal comprises one of a SELECT data signal and a NON_SELECT which each have a duration and a discriminating duration which is no longer than the duration. During the discriminating duration the SELECT and NON_SELECT signals are different. The strobe signal comprises a first portion applied simultaneously with the discriminating duration of the data signal and a second portion applied after the discriminating duration of the data signal. By including a section at a larger voltage magnitude in the second portion of the strobe signal than is present in the first part of that signal, improved performance and addressing speed are obtainable. The Figure shows the four possible combinations of data signal over two addressing periods on the left hand side and a strobe signal in accordance with the invention at the top. The figure shows that SELECT resultant signals A and B closely match the ideal waveshape for fast change of state while the NON_SELECT resultant signals C and D give good discrimination.
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2.发明公开Liquid crystal display element and method of fabricating electrode substrate for use in the liquid crystal display element 失效在液晶显示元件制造的电极基板中使用的液晶显示元件及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：EP0845696A3
公开(公告)日：1999-01-07
申请号：EP97309628.2
申请日：1997-11-28
申请人： SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA , Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Gov. of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
IPC分类号： G02F1/1343 , G02F1/141 , G02F1/1335
CPC分类号： G02F1/134336 , G02F1/133512 , G02F1/141 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A liquid crystal element includes two pieces of light-transmissive substrate (1,2) which respectively include signal electrodes (3) and scanning electrodes (5) arranged in stripe patterns, and a liquid crystal layer (10) formed by filling the space between the light-transmissive substrates with a ferroelectric liquid crystal. A conductive line (11) is provided between adjacent signal electrodes (3) and adjacent scanning electrodes (5) so that only the longitudinal side faces of the conductive line are in contact with the longitudinal side faces of the respective electrodes. Each electrode (3) and conductive lines (11) adjacent to the electrode form a hybrid electrode, and an insulating light-blocking member (13) is formed between adjacent hybrid electrodes. The conductive line includes a first layer (11a) in contact with the light-transmissive substrate, a second layer (11b) placed on the first layer, and a topmost third layer (11c). The first layer is made of a conductive material such as indium tin oxide and tantalum, which is highly adhesive to the light-transmissive substrate. This structure ensures the flatness of the conductive lines, and prevents peeled-off conductive lines. The invention also provides a method of fabricating such an electrode substrate.
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公开(公告)号：EP0724721B1
公开(公告)日：1998-12-16
申请号：EP94930256.6
申请日：1994-10-18
发明人： BEER, Paul University of Oxford Inorganic , SHADE, Matthew University of Oxford Inorganic , CHEN, Zheng University of Oxford Inorganic
IPC分类号： G01N27/333
CPC分类号： G01N27/3335 , Y10T436/16 , Y10T436/163333
摘要： A method for the detection of chemical agent present in a material comprising exposing a calixarene, having redox active substituents on its para rim, to a solution or suspension derived by admixture of all or some of the material with a liquid, measuring any change in electrical behaviour of the calixarene during or after exposure to the solution or suspension as compared to a reference condition, and relating such change in electrical behaviour to the presence of chemical agent. Preferably, the calixarene exposed to the solution or suspension is a calix[4]arene of general formula (I), wherein Y to Y are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or a redox active substituent and R to R are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, or a polymerisable moiety, wherein at least one of Y to Y is a redox active substituent.
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4.发明公开Gray scale driving method for a liquid crystal display in which temperature variation effects are compensated 失效用于液晶显示器的灰度驱动方法中，温度变化的影响被补偿
公开(公告)号：EP0867855A1
公开(公告)日：1998-09-30
申请号：EP98302002.5
申请日：1998-03-17
申请人： Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha , Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Gov. of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G09G3/3637 , G09G3/207 , G09G2310/021 , G09G2310/06 , G09G2310/061
摘要： In a liquid crystal display two scan lines are driven simultaneously. Given a natural number "n", then, in the first frame of continuous two frames, strobe pulses of opposite polarities are applied respectively to a scanning electrode L 2n-1 in a (2n-1)'th line and a scanning electrode L 2n in a 2n'th line during a selection period. In the second frame, strobe pulses of opposite polarities are applied respectively to the scanning electrode L 2n in the 2n'th line and a scanning electrode L 2n+1 in a (2n+1)'th line during a selection period. This causes a compensation of the effects of temperature changes.
摘要翻译： 在液晶显示器2级的扫描线被同时驱动。 给定的自然数“n”的，那么，在连续的两个帧的第一帧，相反极性的选通脉冲分别施加到一个扫描电极L2N-1在（2N-1）个线路，并在扫描电极L2N 在选择期间一个2n'th线。 在第二帧中，相反极性的选通脉冲在选择期间分别施加到条线在2n'th线L2N扫描电极和在（2N + 1）的扫描电极L2N + 1”。 这导致的温度变化影响的补偿。
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公开(公告)号：EP0574447B1
公开(公告)日：1998-09-09
申请号：EP92905544.0
申请日：1992-02-27
CPC分类号： H01J29/628 , H01J29/488
摘要： A cathode ray tube comprising a cathode (K) for emitting a beam of electrons; a grid (G) for controlling the intensity of the beam; three or more anodes (A1, A3, A4); means for varying the potential of at least one of the anodes (A3) for focusing the beam to form a spot on a screen; and an additional, dynamic focus electrode (A2) maintained generally at a potential close to the cathode/grid potential. Suitable means may be included for applying to said dynamic focus electrode a high frequency signal to provide a rapid focus control means. Said dynamic focus means may comprise a plurality of circumferentially disposed segments and include means for applying a separate high voltage to each segment thus allowing the possibility of creating a quadrupole action in conjunction with at least one adjacent electrode, said segments covered with a deposited high-resistance conducting film to prevent charging effects. Preferably the potential of the first anode (A1) is substancially greater than the controlling voltage range of the grid (G), the potential of the static focus electrode (A3), interposed between the first and final anodes, is substantially equal to or lower than that of the first anode; and the potential of the final anode (A4) is substantially higher than that of the first anode (A1).
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6.发明公开Smectic liquid crystal element and manufacturing method thereof 失效SmektischesFlüssigkristallelementund Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
公开(公告)号：EP0809133A2
公开(公告)日：1997-11-26
申请号：EP97302123.1
申请日：1997-03-26
申请人： SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA , Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Gov. of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
发明人： Teiyu, Sako , Miyazaki, Aya , Sakaigawa, Akira , Koden, Mitsuhiro
IPC分类号： G02F1/141 , G02F1/1333
CPC分类号： G02F1/141 , G02F2001/13775
摘要： The invention concerns a smectic liquid crystal element and method of manufacture thereof. A polymer having spontaneous polarization as the liquid crystal is introduced into a liquid crystal layer of the smectic liquid crystal element in order to improve the response speed (second liquid crystal cell). The polymer has the same codes as the liquid crystal. Alternatively, a polymer having spontaneous polarization with opposite codes to the liquid crystal is introduced into a liquid crystal having a τ - V min characteristic so that a driving voltage is lowered (first liquid crystal cell). These polymers are added to a liquid crystal composite before injection into the liquid crystal cell. In a further aspect, after a photochemically polymeric monomer is added to the liquid crystal composite and the obtained product is injected into the liquid crystal cell, the monomer is polymerized by the application of light. Furthermore, the liquid crystal cell into which the polymer is introduced is heated again so as to exhibit isotropic phase and is cooled so that the tone display is realized.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种近晶液晶元件及其制造方法。 为了提高响应速度（第二液晶盒），将具有作为液晶的自发极化的聚合物引入到近晶体液晶元件的液晶层中。 该聚合物具有与液晶相同的代码。 或者，将具有与液晶相反的代码的具有自发极化的聚合物引入到具有τ-Vmin特性的液晶中，使得驱动电压降低（第一液晶单元）。 将这些聚合物在注入液晶单元之前加入到液晶复合物中。 在另一方面，将光化学聚合单体添加到液晶复合体中后，将所得产物注入液晶单元中，通过施加光使单体聚合。 此外，再次加热其中引入聚合物的液晶单元，以显示各向同性相，并冷却，从而实现色调显示。
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公开(公告)号：EP0619911B1
公开(公告)日：1997-06-04
申请号：EP93924150.1
申请日：1993-11-02
CPC分类号： G09B19/04 , G10L15/063 , G10L15/142 , G10L15/144 , G10L15/26 , G10L2015/022
摘要： PCT No. PCT/GB93/02251 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 6, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 6, 1994 PCT Filed Nov. 2, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/10666 PCT Pub. Date May 11, 1994A children's speech training aid compares a child's speech with models of speech, stored as sub-word acoustic models, and a general speech model to give an indication of whether or not the child has spoken correctly. An indication of how well the word has been pronounced may also be given. An adult operator enters the word to be tested into the training aid which then forms a model of that word from the stored sub-word speech models. The stored acoustic models are formed by first recording a plurality of words by a plurality of children from a given list of single words. These recordings are then processed off-line to give a basic acoustic model of an acceptable or correct sound for each phoneme in the context of the pre- and proceeding phonemes. The acoustic models are Hidden Markov Models. The limits of acceptable pronunciation applied to different words and children may be adjusted by variable penalty values applied in association with the general speech acoustic model. The training aid generates accumulated word costs for each child's utterance and uses these costs to indicate correctness of pronunciation.
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8.发明公开Liquid crystal display element and fabrication process thereof 失效Flüssigkristallanzeigeelementund dessen Herstellungsverfahren
公开(公告)号：EP0772071A1
公开(公告)日：1997-05-07
申请号：EP96308051.0
申请日：1996-11-06
申请人： SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA , Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Gov. of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
发明人： Tamai, Kazuhiko , Koden, Mitsuhiro
IPC分类号： G02F1/1339 , G02F1/1337 , G02F1/1333 , G02F1/1341 , G02F1/141
CPC分类号： G02F1/13394 , G02F1/133711
摘要： A liquid crystal display element is provided with a first insulating substrate (1a) having spacers (6) and an alignment layer (5a) that covers the entire surfaces of the spacers, and a second insulating substrate (1b) having at least an alignment layer (5b). The liquid crystal display element is arranged so that the first and second insulating substrates are bonded to each other by allowing the alignment layer on the spacers of the first insulating substrate and the alignment layer on the second insulating substrate to soften and adhere to each other by applying a pressure under heat, and liquid crystal is injected into the gap in between.
摘要翻译： 液晶显示元件设置有具有间隔物（6）的第一绝缘基板（1a）和覆盖隔板的整个表面的取向层（5a），以及至少具有取向层 （图5b）。 液晶显示元件被布置成使得第一绝缘基板和第二绝缘基板通过使第一绝缘基板的间隔物上的取向层和第二绝缘基板上的取向层的取向层彼此粘合，从而通过 在加热下施加压力，并将液晶注入其间的间隙。
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公开(公告)号：EP0474696B1
公开(公告)日：1996-11-20
申请号：EP90908292.7
申请日：1990-05-30
IPC分类号： C08G65/28
CPC分类号： C08G65/22 , C08G65/105 , C08G65/16 , C08G65/2645 , C08G65/2654
摘要： This invention relates to the production of hydroxy-terminated polymers in the 2,000-20,000 MW range suitable for use as prepolymers in curing reactions with isocyanates to produce elastomers. The process involves the continuous addition over periods of 25-50 hours of an oxirane (monoepoxide) or a mixture of an oxirane and an oxetane to a reaction mixture, consisting of stoichiometric excesses of oxonium ion-forming catalyst such as BF3-etherate and a diol initiator dissolved in an inert solvent. Under these conditions, chain extension of the diol occurs and the formation of cyclic oligomers and other impurities is minimised. The mole ratio of the initiator to catalyst is maintained at above 10:1 to suppress the formation of cationic terminal species on the growing polymer chain.
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公开(公告)号：EP0563031B1
公开(公告)日：1996-09-25
申请号：EP89909803.2
申请日：1989-08-31
摘要： A read-out circuit for a photodetector incorporates a photodiode detector (1) connected via a preamplifier (2) to a storage capacitor (Cs). The capacitor (Cs) is also connected to a constant current circuit (Cc, T3 to T7) providing a correction current controlled by a voltage on a reference capacitor (Cc). The reference capacitor (Cc) is charged by the amplified photodiode output current during a calibration phase. During a measurement phase, the storage capacitor (Cs) integrates the difference between the amplified photodiode output current and the correction current. This provides pedestal signal subtraction at the signal integration point. An array of photodetectors may be provided with a corresponding array of read-out circuits integrated in a single semiconductor substrate.
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