摘要:
There is disclosed a method for conversion of crude tall oil into high-quality diesel fuels comprising the steps of: (a) removal of non-oil contaminants present in the crude tall oil and recovering valuable organic compounds present in the crude tall oil, thereby forming a refined tall oil stream; (b) removal of the volatile fraction of the refined tall oil stream from step a), thereby forming a volatiles free oil stream comprising organic components with boiling points, at atmospheric pressure, of 170 degrees C or higher; (c) separation in a vacuum distillation column of the volatiles free oil stream of step b) into two process streams or phases wherein a first process stream or phase is substantially comprising components with boiling points, at atmospheric pressure, in the range of 170-400 degrees C and a second process stream or phase is substantially comprising components with boiling points, at atmospheric pressure, over 400 degrees C; (d) lowering the oxygen content in the stream comprised of components with boiling points in the range 200- 400 degrees C from step c) by decarboxylation and/or decarbonylation.
摘要:
There is disclosed a method for isolation and purification of phytosterols from tall oil pitch comprising the steps of: a) contacting the tall oil pitch with a solvent to form a tall oil solvent mixture; b) separating the tall oil pitch solvent mixture in at least two separate streams wherein one process stream is enriched in acidic pitch components and a second stream enriched in free- and bound sterols in the form of steryl esters; c) subjecting the stream enriched in free- and steryl esters to treatment with an alcohol under transesterification conditions wherein a reaction mixture is formed and sterols comprising the steryl esters are liberated as free sterols; and d) separating the free sterols from the reaction mixture of step c) by crystallization and extraction with one or more solvents. There are disclosed free fatty acids and resin acids separated from the tall oil pitch. Moreover, there is disclosed a manufacture and separation of fatty acid alkyl esters by the method.
摘要:
The present invention provides an improved and efficient biorefining of crude tall oil (CTO) in to valuable fuels and fine chemicals. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an efficient process for the production of refined tall diesel (RTD) or TOFA, specifically the combined production of RTD or TOFA and RA (resin acid(s)) from a CTO. According to yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the production of an optimised RTD and also such an optimised RTD composition in itself, said RTD composition comprising at least RA, FA (fatty acid(s)) and also CST (crude sulphate turpentine(s)). Furthermore, the present invention is also directed to an improved pre-treatment process for the removal of impurities from a CTO.