摘要:
The current invention concerns a method for oxidizing ferrous iron to ferric iron, comprising the steps of providing a liquid comprising said ferrous iron and a gas comprising an oxidizing agent, such as oxygen and/or chlorine; providing two separate mixes, a first mix and a second mix, both mixes comprising said gas and said liquid; and colliding said separate mixes thereby obtaining the ferric iron.
摘要:
The method of the invention comprises the production of highly digestible hydrolysed keratinaceous material comprising the steps of (i) partly hydrolysing keratinaceous material with heat and pressure and (ii) optionally drying the resultant partially hydrolysed material comprising at least partly insoluble material and (iii) subjecting the optionally dried partially hydrolysed keratinaceous material to a chemical hydrolysis step with acid or base to obtain a highly digestible hydrolysed material, and (iv) purifying the highly digestible material. The invention further provides highly digestible keratinaceous material with an amino acid composition reflecting the amino acid composition of the raw material, wherein the amount of de-carboxylated amino acids is less than 500 ppm. Preferably all of the highly digestible material has a molecular weight lower than 10000 dalton, and preferably more than 95 wt% of the highly digestible keratinaceous material has a molecular weight of less than 5000 dalton.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing for producing soluble potassium sulfate by recrystallization of crude potassium sulfate wherein the crude potassium sulfate has either more than about 0.07 wt% insoluble material, and/or a dissolution speed wherein at 3 min dissolution of 100 gram product in 1 L cold water (20 °C), without stirring the amount of dissolved potassium sulfate of less than about 90% and/or a pH of about 6 or higher as a 1 % dissolved crude potassium sulfate, wherein the method comprises the following steps: crude potassium sulfate is dissolved, the dissolved potassium sulfate is subjected to a solid material removal step, potassium sulfate is crystallized, while optionally an acid is provided before, during or after the crystallization step of the potassium sulfate and whereafter the obtained potassium sulfate is separated and dried, wherein the particle size of the crystalline material is controlled to be within the ranges provided, optionally with sieving and/or grinding, preferably by sieving, such that the resulting potassium sulfate crystalline material conforms with the following characteristics: the amount of insoluble material is less than about 0.05 wt%, a 1 wt% solution of the potassium sulfate has a pH below about 6, and/or at least 1 pH unit lower than the pH of the crude potassium sulfate, the fraction obtained after crystallization has an average particle size within the following parameters: (i) d90 about 0.02 mm, and (iii) dust amounts to about 0.4 wt% or less, whereby the potassium sulfate contains more than 51 % potassium, calculated as K 2 O.
摘要:
The current invention concerns a method for increasing an iron content of a solution by converting low iron containing solutions into highly concentrated ferric chloride solutions by adding iron containing substances. The invention concerns also a method for transporting and storage of said highly concentrated ferric chloride solutions.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing digestible keratinaceous material comprising the steps of hydrolysing keratinaceous material in the presence of water in a hydrolyser at elevated temperature and at a pressure between about 2 bar and about 10 bar, and drying the resultant hydrolysed keratinaceous material comprising at least partly insoluble material in a dryer at a temperature/time/pressure combination which limits the drop in pepsin and/or ileal digestibility by less than 10%, and/or such that the pepsin and/or ileal digestibility remains higher than 85%. Preferably, the drying of the resultant hydrolysed partly soluble keratinaceous material is performed in a dryer at a temperature such that the keratinaceous material remains at a temperature below 90 °C, preferably below 80 °C.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing digestible keratinaceous material comprising the steps of hydrolysing keratinaceous material in the presence of water in a hydrolyser at elevated temperature and at a pressure between about 2 bar and about 10 bar, and drying the resultant hydrolysed keratinaceous material comprising at least partly insoluble material in a dryer at a temperature/time/pressure combination which limits the drop in pepsin and/or ileal digestibility by less than 10%, and/or such that the pepsin and/or ileal digestibility remains higher than 85%. Preferably, the drying of the resultant hydrolysed partly soluble keratinaceous material is performed in a dryer at a temperature such that the keratinaceous material remains at a temperature below 90 °C, preferably below 80 °C.
摘要:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen chloride removal process, comprising the steps of: i. contacting in a reactor an aqueous solution comprising one or more Fe 2+ -compounds with a fluid comprising an oxidizing agent, hydrochloric acid gas and optionally chlorine gas; and ii. oxidizing said Fe 2+ -compounds to Fe 3+ -compounds,
thereby converting said fluid comprising hydrochloric acid gas to an exhaust gas comprising a reduced hydrochloric acid content. Furthermore, the invention also provides in an aqueous ferric chloride solution and/or a ferric chloride-hydrochloride solution obtainable by a process according to the first aspect of the invention and in the use thereof.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing digestible, partly hydrolyzed keratinaceous material, preferably from feathers, hair, wool, hooves or nails, comprising the steps of (1) hydrolyzing keratinaceous material in the presence of water, in a hydrolyser with heat and at a pressure between about 2 bar and about 15 bar, and (2) concurrently drying and grinding the resultant hydrolyzed keratinaceous material in an air turbulence mill at about atmospheric pressure such that the drop in pepsin and/or ileal digestibility is less than 10%, and/or the pepsin and ileal digestibility remain higher than respectively 75% and 80%, wherein the resultant keratinaceous material comprises at least partly insoluble material, and wherein the average particle size of the dry product leaving the air turbulence mill measured as d50 in volume fraction, as measured with laser diffraction using a dry powder Beckman Coulter particle size analyzer, is between about 20 µm and about 0.7 mm and the d90 is below about 1 mm..
摘要:
The current invention concerns a method for oxidizing ferrous iron to ferric iron, comprising the steps of providing a liquid comprising said ferrous iron and a gas comprising an oxidizing agent, such as oxygen and/or chlorine; providing two separate mixes, a first mix and a second mix, both mixes comprising said gas and said liquid; and colliding said separate mixes thereby obtaining the ferric iron.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing digestible keratinaceous material comprising the steps of hydrolysing keratinaceous material in the presence of water in a hydrolyser at elevated temperature and at a pressure between about 2 bar and about 15 bar, and drying the resultant hydrolysed keratinaceous material comprising at least partly insoluble material in a dryer at a temperature/time/pressure combination which limits the drop in pepsin and/or ileal digestibility by less than 10%, and/or such that the pepsin and/or ileal digestibility remains higher than 85%, or such that the pepsin and ileal digestibility remains higher than respectively 75% and 85%. Preferably, the drying of the resultant hydrolysed partly soluble keratinaceous material is performed in a dryer at a temperature such that the keratinaceous material remains at a temperature below 90 º C, preferably below 80 º C.