摘要:
The invention relates to a method for polymerizing or copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of radically decomposing polymerization initiators in a continuously operating polymerization device. Said polymerization device is composed of a fresh gas supply, a pre-compressor, a post-compressor, a reactor, a pressure maintaining valve, of a high-pressure circuit, which is provided with a high-pressure product separator and with a high-pressure circuit gas return, and of a product valve and a low-pressure circuit, which is provided with a low-pressure product separator and with a low-pressure circuit gas return. The inventive method is characterized in that nitrogen monoxide or oxygen is added in a dosed manner as an inhibitor into the high-pressure circuit, into the low-pressure circuit and/or into the pre-compressor.
摘要:
Catalyst systems for polymerising C2 to C10-alk-1-enes contain as active components (a) a metallocene complex having the general formula (I), in which the substituents and indexes have the following meaning: M stands for a metal of the secondary group III, IV or V of the periodic table or for a metal from the group of the lanthanides; X stand for halogen, hydrogen, C1- to C10-alkyl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, alkylaryl with 7 to 15 C atoms or -OR15, in which R15 stands for C¿1? to C1 to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl having each 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl residue and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl residue; n stands for the valency of M, less the number two; R?1 to R14¿ stand for hydrogen, C¿1? to C10-alkyl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, which in turn can carry a C1- to C10-alkyl as substituent, C6- to C15-aryl or arylalkyl, whereas if required two adjacent residues may also stand together for cyclic groups having 4 to 15 C atoms, or Si(R?16)¿3, in which R16 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl or C3- to C10-cycloalkyl; y?1, y2¿ stand for CH¿2?, C(R?17)¿2, Si(R17)2, Ge(R17)2 or Sn(R17)2, in which R17 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, alkylaryl or Si(R?18)¿3, in which R18 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl or alkylaryl; as well as (b) an open-chain or cyclic alumoxane compound having the general formula (II) or (III), in which R?19¿ stands for a C¿1?- to C4-alkyl group and m is an integer between 5 and 30.
摘要:
Catalyst systems for polymerising C2 to C10 alk-1-enes containing as active components: a) a metallic complex of general formula (I) in which M is a metal of the III, IV or V sub-group of the periodic system or a metal from the lanthanide group; X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl or -OR7, where R7 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoralkyl or fluoraryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl radical; n is the valency of M minus 2; R1 to R6 are hydrogen, C¿1? to C10 alkyl, 5 to 7 membered cycloalkyl which in turn may have a C1 to C10 alkyl as a substituent, C6 to C15 aryl or arylalkyl in which two adjacent radicals may together stand for cyclic groups having 4 to 15 C atoms, or Si(R?8)¿3 where R8 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl or C3 to C10 cycloalkyl; E1, E2 are, independently, Si(R9)2, Ge(R9)2, Sn(R9)2 or C(R9)2-C(R9)2 where R9 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C3 to C10 cycloalkyl or C6 to C15 aryl; and b) is an open-chained or cyclic alumoxane compound of general formula (II) or (III) in which R10 is a C¿1? to C4 alkyl group and m is an integer from 5 to 30.
摘要:
The invention relates to a continuous gas phase fluidization method for producing ethylene homopolymerisates and copolymerisates with a density (d) of 0.87 to 0.97 g/cm3. According to said method, ethylene or mixtures of ethylene and C¿3?- to C8-α-monoolefins are (co)polymerised in the polymerisation zone of a gas phase fluidized bed reactor at pressures of 1 to 100 bar and at temperatures of 30 to 125 °C in the gas phase in an intermixed bed of fine particulate polymerisate in the presence of a supported chromium catalyst. The polymerisation heat produced is evacuated by cooling the reactor gas, said reactor gas being guided in a closed circuit, and the resulting (co)polymerisate is transferred out of the gas phase fluidized bed reactor. In order to produce a (co)polymerisate of a pre-selected density (d), the (co)polymerisation is carried out at a temperature within a range limited by an upper envelope of equation (I) and a lower envelope of equation (II), the variables in said equations having the following meanings: TH = the highest reaction temperature in °C; TN = the lowest reaction temperature in °C; and d'= the numerical value of the density (d) of the (co)polymerisate to be produced.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for producing homopolymers of propylene or copolymers of propylene with other olefins or their mixtures. Polymerisation is carried out under pressures from 100 to 3000 bars and at temperatures from 100 to 330° C, using as catalyst a metallocene catalyst system.
摘要:
Catalyst systems for polymerising C2 to C10-alk-1-enes contain as active components (a) a metallocene complex having the general formula (I), in which the substituents and indexes have the following meaning: M stands for a metal of the secondary group III, IV or V of the periodic table or for a metal from the group of the lanthanides; X stand for halogen, hydrogen, C1- to C10-alkyl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, alkylaryl with 7 to 15 C atoms or -OR15, in which R15 stands for C¿1? to C1 to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl having each 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl residue and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl residue; n stands for the valency of M, less the number two; R?1 to R14¿ stand for hydrogen, C¿1? to C10-alkyl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, which in turn can carry a C1- to C10-alkyl as substituent, C6- to C15-aryl or arylalkyl, whereas if required two adjacent residues may also stand together for cyclic groups having 4 to 15 C atoms, or Si(R?16)¿3, in which R16 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl or C3- to C10-cycloalkyl; y?1, y2¿ stand for CH¿2?, C(R?17)¿2, Si(R17)2, Ge(R17)2 or Sn(R17)2, in which R17 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl, alkylaryl or Si(R?18)¿3, in which R18 stands for C¿1?- to C10-alkyl, C6- to C15-aryl, C3- to C10-cycloalkyl or alkylaryl; as well as (b) an open-chain or cyclic alumoxane compound having the general formula (II) or (III), in which R?19¿ stands for a C¿1?- to C4-alkyl group and m is an integer between 5 and 30.
摘要:
Catalyst systems for polymerising C2 to C10 alk-1-enes containing as active components: a) a metallic complex of general formula (I) in which M is a metal of the III, IV or V sub-group of the periodic system or a metal from the lanthanide group; X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl or -OR7, where R7 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoralkyl or fluoraryl with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 C atoms in the aryl radical; n is the valency of M minus 2; R1 to R6 are hydrogen, C¿1? to C10 alkyl, 5 to 7 membered cycloalkyl which in turn may have a C1 to C10 alkyl as a substituent, C6 to C15 aryl or arylalkyl in which two adjacent radicals may together stand for cyclic groups having 4 to 15 C atoms, or Si(R?8)¿3 where R8 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C6 to C15 aryl or C3 to C10 cycloalkyl; E1, E2 are, independently, Si(R9)2, Ge(R9)2, Sn(R9)2 or C(R9)2-C(R9)2 where R9 is C1 to C10 alkyl, C3 to C10 cycloalkyl or C6 to C15 aryl; and b) is an open-chained or cyclic alumoxane compound of general formula (II) or (III) in which R10 is a C¿1? to C4 alkyl group and m is an integer from 5 to 30.
摘要:
Procédé pour la fabrication d'homopolymérisats du propylène ou de copolymérisats du propylène avec d'autres oléfines ou leurs mélanges, dans lequel on polymérise à des pressions de 100 à 3000 bar et à des températures de 100 à 330° C et on utilise comme catalyseur un système catalyseur métallocène.