Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor (R) for performing a three-phase reaction of a fluid phase (1) and a gaseous phase (2) on a packed bed catalyst (F), the packed bed catalyst (F) being disposed horizontally in the reactor (R) and the fluid phase (1) and the gaseous phase (2) being fed through the reactor (R) from the bottom to the top, using a mixing and distributing device (MV) across the packed bed catalyst (F), characterized in that the mixing and distributing device (MV) comprises a trough distributor (TV) for the fluid phase (1) having trough-shaped channels (K) and drain tubes (A) in the trough-shaped channels (K) for the fluid phase (1), and a distributor floor (B) disposed below and at a distance from the trough distributor (TV) in which vertical spouts (T) are disposed, having one or more openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase (2) and one or more openings (P2) disposed below the openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase, for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) into the spouts (T), and the number and size of the openings (P2) for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) being designed such that the fluid level on the distribution floor (B) is adjusted to be below the openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase (2) and above the openings (P2) for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) for a prescribed inlet flow of fluid.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a reactor (R) for performing a three-phase reaction of a fluid phase (1) and a gaseous phase (2) on a packed bed catalyst (F), the packed bed catalyst (F) being disposed horizontally in the reactor (R) and the fluid phase (1) and the gaseous phase (2) being fed through the reactor (R) from the bottom to the top, using a mixing and distributing device (MV) across the packed bed catalyst (F), characterized in that the mixing and distributing device (MV) comprises a trough distributor (TV) for the fluid phase (1) having trough-shaped channels (K) and drain tubes (A) in the trough-shaped channels (K) for the fluid phase (1), and a distributor floor (B) disposed below and at a distance from the trough distributor (TV) in which vertical spouts (T) are disposed, having one or more openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase (2) and one or more openings (P2) disposed below the openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase, for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) into the spouts (T), and the number and size of the openings (P2) for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) being designed such that the fluid level on the distribution floor (B) is adjusted to be below the openings (P1) for the inlet of the gaseous phase (2) and above the openings (P2) for the inlet of the fluid phase (1) for a prescribed inlet flow of fluid.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a column for treating substance mixtures by intense contact with a liquid and gaseous phase, wherein on the inside the column has one or more cross-flow bottoms on which heat transfer elements (7) are disposed, through which a heat transfer medium flows, and wherein above one or more of said cross-flow bottoms fluid distributors (4, 5) are disposed, which have outflow openings (6) through which the fluid is evenly distributed via the heat transfer elements (7) beneath the fluid distributors (4, 5), and wherein the fluid distributors (4, 5) are disposed above the heat transfer elements (7) in the column such that they are located in the vicinity of the inflow line or outflow line of the heat transfer medium into the heat transfer elements (7).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a base for a mass transfer column, comprising gas through-openings which are distributed over the base (1) and at least one baffle plate (11) for directing the flow of liquid flowing on the base, said base (1) being loadable with a liquid via at least one inlet (3). The base has at least one inlet (3), at least one separating weir (5) which separates the inflowing liquid into two flows, and at least two outlets (12) or at least two inlets (3) and at least one outlet (12) for the liquid. Each flow flows along a flow path (7; 9) to an outlet (12). The invention further relates to a mass transfer column which contains the base and to a use of the base and the mass transfer column.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a fluid collector for use in a packing column, comprising at least one element for collecting (5) the fluid (element A) (5, 6) flowing out of the packing bed and at least one draw from the column (10), wherein all elements (5, 6) are at a distance from (7) the column wall (3) and optionally a separating wall, or at least one capture device is mounted above or in the fluid collector (5), so that fluid flowing downward on the wall in the collection direction is collected and passes by the elements A (5, 6). The invention further relates to a packing column for separating substance mixtures, comprising at least one fluid collector and draw according to the invention. The invention further relates to a method for separating one or more components from a substance mixture in at least one packing column according to the invention. The method is used particularly in order to obtain a highly pure product from a side draw or sump draw by means of the fluid collector according to the invention.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing phthalic anhydride that conforms to specifications in a purification of crude phthalic anhydride by distillation at a reduced pressure. According to said method, the crude phthalic anhydride is supplied to the distillation column above a lateral outlet, the low-boilers are drawn off at the head of the column or in the vicinity of the head of the column and the phthalic anhydride that conforms to specifications is removed from the lateral outlet. The method uses a distillation column with a number of theoretical separation stages situated above the supply of the crude phthalic anhydride to the distillation column that lies between 10 and 20 and the column operates with a reflux ratio of between 0.1 and 0.5.