摘要:
A process for selectively dissolving cellulose said process comprising the steps of providing a source of lignocellulosic material; contacting a hydrated molten salt with the cellulose-containing material under reaction conditions that minimize the depolymerization of cellulose to form dissolved cellulose solution.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for converting cellulosic biomass to electric energy. Cellulosic biomass is dissolved in a suitable solvent. The solution is used as a feed for a fuel cell.
摘要:
Liquid suspensions are disclosed comprising a suspending medium, small particles of biomass, and small particles of an inorganic material. The inorganic material stabilizes the suspension, so that it may be transported by pipeline or tank car without developing a sediment. The suspension may be used in manufacturing a bio-fuel.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for converting lipid-containing biomass to a liquid fuel and/or platform chemicals. The process comprises the steps of dissolving the lipid-containing biomass in an ionic liquid, whereby a lipid phase and a hydrophilic phase are formed. The lipid phase contains primarily triglycerides, which can be converted to biodiesel by transesterification to, e.g., methyl esters. The hydrophilic phase comprises dissolved biopolymers, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and protein. The biopolymers are converted in situ to compounds that are insoluble in the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid is regenerated by removing insolubles, such as lignin, ash from the biomass, and water.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for regenerating or derivatizing cellulose. The process comprises the steps of providing a source of unrefined cellulose, and dissolving the unrefined cellulose in a molten inorganic salt. The source of unrefined cellulose may be a biomass, such as wood. The process permits the regeneration or derivatization of cellulose having a high degree of polymerization.
摘要:
A process is disclosed for converting polysaccharides to platform chemicals. The process comprises dissolving the polysaccharides in a molten salt hydrate, converting the polysaccharides to monosaccharides, and converting the monosaccharides to platform chemicals that are easily separable from the molten salt hydrate. Preferably the polysaccharides are provided in the form of a biomass, more preferably a ligno-cellulosic biomass.