Semiconductor module comprising cooling structures, and an electronic computer using the semiconductor module
    1.
    发明公开
    Semiconductor module comprising cooling structures, and an electronic computer using the semiconductor module 失效
    半导体模块具有冷却结构和电子计算机利用该半导体模块中的。

    公开(公告)号:EP0364758A2

    公开(公告)日:1990-04-25

    申请号:EP89117439.3

    申请日:1989-09-21

    申请人: HITACHI, LTD.

    IPC分类号: H01L23/473

    摘要: A semiconductor module comprises semiconductor elements (1), cooling structures (4, 5, 6) for cooling the semi­conductor elements (1) by liquid refrigerant (20), and a housing (7, 7′, 7˝) for accommmodating the semiconductor elements (1) and the cooling structures (4, 5, 6), wherein within the housing (7′), there is supplied or enclosed sealingly a reactive gas which reacts with ions of a metal constituting the cooling structures (4, 5, 6) to form a chemical compound hard to be dissolved by the refrigerant (20) but does not react with the metal itself constituting the cooling structures (4, 5, 6).

    摘要翻译: 一种半导体模块,包括:半导体元件(1),冷却结构(4,5,6),用于冷却所述半导体元件(1)通过液体制冷剂(20),和一个壳体(7,7分钟7秒)accommmodating半导体 元件(1)和所述冷却结构(4,5,6),壳体(7分钟)内worin,有被供给或封闭密封,其与构成所述冷却结构(4 5金属,的离子反应的反应性气体, 6),以形成难以通过制冷剂(20)被溶解的化学化合物,但是不与构成冷却结构(金属本身发生反应4,5,6)。

    Austenitic stainless steel having superior resistance to irradiation-induced segregation
    2.
    发明公开
    Austenitic stainless steel having superior resistance to irradiation-induced segregation 失效
    具有辐射诱导的偏析高电阻奥斯汀Tischer不锈钢。

    公开(公告)号:EP0530725A1

    公开(公告)日:1993-03-10

    申请号:EP92114846.6

    申请日:1992-08-31

    申请人: HITACHI, LTD.

    摘要: There is provided an austenitic stainless steel which is corrosion-resistant in an environment of neutron irradiation, and can suppress stress corrosion cracking and embrittlement. At least one kind of additive selected from Ti more than 0.2 % by weight up to 0.6 %, Zr more than 0.2 % up to 1.14%, Hf more than 0.2% up to 2.24 %, V more than 0.2 % up to 0.64 %, Nb more than 0.5 % up to 1.17 % and Ta more than 0.5 % up to 2.27 % is added to austenitic stainless steel containing Cr, Ni and so on, and said at least one additive exists in a solid-solution state. Further, the steel has a wholly austenitic structure substantially free of carbide. In order to maintain the irradiation-induced segregation prevention effected by the addition element, the C content is limited to 0.01 to 0.008 %, and the N content is limited to 0.001 to 0.1 %. The irradiation-induced segregation of the constituent elements, such as Cr and Ni, occurring in a grain boundary under irradiation, and the deterioration of the corrosion resistance of the material, as well as the embrittlement, can be prevented.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供在奥氏体不锈钢的所有其是耐腐蚀在中子辐照环境脆化,并且能够抑制应力腐蚀开裂和。 至少一种添加剂的选自Ti超过0.2%(重量)到0.6%以下,Zr超过0.2%至14.1%以下,Hf超过0.2%至2.24%,V超过0.2%至最多0.64% 的Nb超过0.5%至17.1%和Ta超过0.5%至27.2%被加入到奥氏体不锈钢含有铬,镍等,并且所述的至少一种添加剂以固溶状态存在。 另外,该钢具有全奥氏体结构基本上不含碳化物。 为了保持通过加入元件实现的辐射诱导的偏析预防,将C含量限制为12:01至0.008%,N含量被限制在0.001〜0.1%。 的构成要素,颜色的照射引起的偏析:如Cr和Ni,在照射下的晶粒边界发生的,并且该材料的耐腐蚀性的恶化,以及脆化,可以防止。

    Method of descaling stainless steel and apparatus for same
    4.
    发明公开
    Method of descaling stainless steel and apparatus for same 失效
    Verfahren zum Entzundern von rostfreiem Stahl und Vorrichtungdafür。

    公开(公告)号:EP0367112A1

    公开(公告)日:1990-05-09

    申请号:EP89119913.5

    申请日:1989-10-26

    申请人: HITACHI, LTD.

    IPC分类号: C25F1/06 C25F7/00 C22C38/00

    CPC分类号: C25F1/06 C25F7/00

    摘要: A method of descaling stainless steel of the present invention, comprises the step (a) of anode-electrolyzing stainless steel having scales produced thereon in an aqueous neutral salt solution, the step (b) of anode-electrolyzing or immersing the stainless steel in an aqueous alkaline solution, these steps (a) and (b) being performed in the order of either (a), (b) or (b), (a); and the step of cathode-electrolyzing the stainless steel treated in the two steps in an aqueous nitric acid solution or immersing it in an aqueous solution of a mixture containing nitric acid and fluoric acid. The descaled stainless steel obtained by this method exhibits excellent glossiness and smoothness.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的除锈不锈钢的方法包括在中性盐水溶液中阳极电解不锈钢的步骤(a),其中生产有鳞片的不锈钢的步骤(a),将不锈钢阳极电解或浸渍在 这些步骤(a)和(b)按照(a),(b)或(b),(a)的顺序进行。 以及在硝酸水溶液中将两步处理的不锈钢阴极电解或将其浸渍在含有硝酸和氟酸的混合物的水溶液中的步骤。 通过该方法得到的不锈钢表现出优异的光泽度和平滑性。

    "> System and electrode for
    8.
    发明公开
    System and electrode for "in situ" monitoring the quality of high temperature water in power plants 失效
    监测系统的其局部电化学电极和植物的操作条件。

    公开(公告)号:EP0417571A1

    公开(公告)日:1991-03-20

    申请号:EP90116753.6

    申请日:1990-08-31

    申请人: HITACHI, LTD.

    IPC分类号: G21C17/022 G01N27/30

    摘要: A plant operational status monitoring supervisory sys­tem comprising; means for extracting information directly relating to water quality of an objective portion consecu­tively for a period of time by means of an electro­chemical water quality sensor (2) installed in an objective portion (3) to monitor in-situ in a plant; means (6) for evaluat­ing water quality based on thus extracted information; means (6) for comparing an obtained water quality evaluation result with a reference value for a predetermined plant operation procedure; and means (7) for displaying or storing necessary portion out of said comparison results; is disclosed.
    An electrochemical reference electrode used in this system being provided with an electrolyte layer (23) containing ion of the electrode member; a porous ceramic layer (22) sur­rounding the same without permeating liquid; and electrode member (26) electrochemically contacting with said elec-trolyte layer (23) ; and a terminal (31) electrically contacting with said electrode member; and further having a long life in high temperature water, various status of high temperature water in objective portions and that of nearby constituent members in a plant are possible to be monitored online by means of this reference electrode.
    Further, because monitored data are processed by means of a neural network, the higher precision level of moni­toring has been achieved.

    摘要翻译: 一种植物操作状态监视监控系统,包括: 装置,用于通过(2)安装在目标部分中的电化学水质传感器来提取信息直接相关的连续的一段时间的目标部分的水质(3)在原位监测的植物; 装置(6),用于评估根据这样提取信息水质; 装置(6),用于计划与预定的操作过程的参考值进行比较,以得到的水质量评价结果; 和装置(7),用于显示或流出所述比较结果的存储必要部分; 是游离缺失盘。 在该系统中使用的电化学参比电极在电解质层(23)容纳所述电极构件的离子设有; 多孔陶瓷层(22)围绕所述相同,而不渗透液; 和电极部件(26)与电化学说ELEC接触 - 电解质层(23); 和一个终端(31)电性所说的电极部件相接触; 并且还具有在高温水中,在对象部的高温水的各种状态的长寿命,做附近构成部件在植物中是可能的,而该权利参考电极的方式在线监视的。 此外,由于被监视的数据是由神经网络的装置处理,监测的更高的精度水平已经达到。

    Superconducting wire and composite superconductor
    10.
    发明公开
    Superconducting wire and composite superconductor 失效
    Supraleitender Draht und Verbund-Supraleiter。

    公开(公告)号:EP0576902A1

    公开(公告)日:1994-01-05

    申请号:EP93109552.5

    申请日:1993-06-15

    申请人: HITACHI, LTD.

    IPC分类号: H01L39/24

    摘要: A superconducting wire saved in weight and enhanced in mechanical properties is provided without damaging electric and thermal characteristics as an Al stabilizer, and further a method for producing the same, a high strength Al sintered alloy (16) and powders used for the process are provided. A superconducting wire comprising an Al alloy (16) of a high purity Al in which a small amount of ceramic ultrafine particles are dispersed and superconducting filaments (15) embedded in the Al alloy (16), in which a large number of the ceramic ultrafine particles are dispersed in the area of 1 µm², and the areas of 1 µm² in which a large number of the ceramic ultrafine particles are dispersed, are formed over nearly the whole of the alloy (16).

    摘要翻译: 提供重量轻且机械性能提高的超导线,而不损害作为Al稳定剂的电热特性,并且还提供了其制造方法,提供高强度Al烧结合金(16)和用于该方法的粉末 。 一种超导线,其包含Al系合金(16),其中少量的陶瓷超细颗粒被分散在其中,并且Al合金(16)中嵌有超导细丝(15),其中大量的陶瓷超细 在几乎整个合金(16)中形成颗粒分散在1μm的区域中,并且在其中分散有大量陶瓷超细颗粒的1μm的面积被形成。