摘要:
A process for the alkoxylation of a polyetheramine to form an etheramine alkoxylate. In the process, a polyetheramine is reacted with an alkylene oxide in the presence of an alcohol to form the etheramine alkoxylate. The alcohol serves as a catalyst to allow the reaction proceed at a heightened temperature as compared to the reaction in the absence of alcohol, while at the same time limiting the amount of glycol by-product production which would otherwise typically form when higher polyetheramines are to be alkoxylated. The alcohol may be, for instance, ethanol or methanol.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a process for producing alkanolamines from the reaction between a polyolefin epoxide and an organic amino compound under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure, in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alcohol. Higher reaction rates for alkanolamine production than provided in the prior art may be achieved by use of a process according to the invention. Alkanolamines having various levels of nitrogen may be produced by the invention.
摘要:
Polyalkyl hydroxyaromatics may be prepared from polyalkylenes and hydroxyaromatics in the presence of an acid catalyst and an organic solvent having a boiling point range with an initial boiling point value of below or about the boiling point of the selected hydroxyaromatic reactants and final boiling point of above or equal to about the boiling point of alkylhydroxyaromatic by-product of the reaction. Using this method, accumulation of undesirable alkylhydroxyaromatic by-product/s in a reaction vessel may be minimized, and/or viscosity of polyalkyl hydroxyaromatic product reduced, allowing for increased ease of transfer and transportation.
摘要:
Highly effective fuel additives that control the formation of deposits in internal combustion engines, particularly, in the fuel injection system and combustion chamber of such engines. The fuel additives comprise carboxylic acid alkoxylates, and are particularly suited for use with nitrogen-containing fuel detergents. Fuel compositions comprising the fuel additives, and methods of controlling engine deposits are also disclosed.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention disclose a process for the co-production of bis(para-aminocyclohexyl) methane (PACM). Also disclosed are articles of manufacture made using PACM produced by methods of this invention. The methods of the present invention generally include using a first mixture having methylene di-aniline (MDA) and a second aromatic amine. The first mixture has less than 15% polymeric MDA by weight and the second aromatic amine is present in an amount to render the first mixture a liquid. The first mixture is hydrogenated to produce a product mixture comprising PACM and at least one second non-aromatic amine.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a process for producing alkanolamines from the reaction between a polyolefin epoxide and an organic amino compound under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure, in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alcohol. Higher reaction rates for alkanolamine production than provided in the prior art may be achieved by use of a process according to the invention. Alkanolamines having various levels of nitrogen may be produced by the invention.
摘要:
Highly effective fuel additives that control the formation of deposits in internal combustion engines, particularly, in the fuel injection system and combustion chamber of such engines. The fuel additives comprise carboxylic acid alkoxylates, and are particularly suited for use with nitrogen-containing fuel detergents. Fuel compositions comprising the fuel additives, and methods of controlling engine deposits are also disclosed.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a process for the reductive alkylation of primary amines to form secondary amines, by high pressure reaction of the primary amine with an alkylating agent and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst which comprises metallic palladium. A process of the present invention is characterized in having high conversion rates and high selectivities, both greater than 95 % on a first pass through the reactor. According to a preferred embodiment, the secondary amine produced comprises at least one 2-alkyl group bonded to the nitrogen atom of the primary amine product.
摘要:
Provided herein are developer solutions useful in producing semiconductor-based circuit elements or precursors thereof, which contain tris-(2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium hydroxide. Developers according to the invention are either aqueous or alcoholic solutions of tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium hydroxide which preferably further comprise a stabilizer. Through use of the compositions provided herein, greatly reduced levels of volatile amines are released during the developing process which lessens the burden on clean room atmosphere purification equipment owing to lessened airborne impurities.