公开(公告)号：EP0564098A3

公开(公告)日：1994-03-09

申请号：EP93301641.2

申请日：1993-03-04

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M. ,  Sorin, Wayne V.

IPC分类号： H01S3/06

CPC分类号： H01S3/06795 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  Y10S372/703

摘要： An apparatus for creating an optical noise of a predetermined bandwidth uses an optical amplifier (2,20,50) which amplifies optical noise components and produces unpolarized optical noise by spontaneous emission, a mirror (32,52,98) to reflect the optical noise components back to the optical amplifier (2,20,50) and a filter (4,32,34,56,80) that filters out optical noise components outside the predetermined optical bandwidth. The filter (4,32,-34,56,80) is located so that optical noise components passed by the filter are amplified in the optical amplifier (2,20,50) during an additional amplification. Optionally, a pollarizer and Faraday rotator (30,54,96) are used in the apparatus. The optical noise created in the optical amplifier is polarized in the polarizer (34,36,58,60,84,100) after 2 amplifications, rotated in the Faraday rotator (30,54,96) then is amplified two more times before leaving the apparatus.

摘要翻译： 用于产生预定带宽的光学噪声的设备使用放大光学噪声分量并通过自发发射产生非偏振光学噪声的光学放大器（2,20,50），反射镜（32,52,98）以反射光学噪声 组件返回到光学放大器（2,20,50）和滤除预定光学带宽之外的光学噪声分量的滤波器（4,32,34,56,80）。 滤波器（4,32，-34,56,80）的位置使得在附加放大期间，滤波器通过的光学噪声分量在光放大器（2,20,50）中被放大。 可选地，在设备中使用pollarizer和法拉第旋转器（30,54,96）。 在放大器（34,36,58,60,84,100）中产生的光学噪声在偏振器（34,36,58,60,84,100）中经过两次放大后被极化，在法拉第旋转器（30,54,96）中旋转，然后在离开该设备之前再被放大两次 。

公开(公告)号：EP0936489A2

公开(公告)日：1999-08-18

申请号：EP98117184.6

申请日：1998-09-10

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Sorin, Wayne V. ,  Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： G02F1/095

CPC分类号： G02F1/093 ,  G02B6/2746

摘要： An optical circulator having first, second, and third ports. The optical circulator includes a beam splitter and a plurality of Faraday stages. The beam splitter is connected to the first and third ports and separates a first light signal entering the first port into first and second outgoing light signals. The beam splitter also separates a second light signal entering the third port into third and fourth outgoing light signals. The first, second, third, and fourth outgoing light signals are spaced-apart from one another. The first and second outgoing light signals include, respectively, orthogonal polarization components from the first light signal, and the third and fourth outgoing light signals include, respectively, orthogonal polarization components from the second light signal. The Faraday stages, including a first Faraday stage and a last Faraday stage, being arranged in series. The first Faraday stage receives light from the beam splitter, and the last Faraday stage is positioned so as to provide light to the second port. The second port and the walk-off directions and directions of rotation of the Faraday stages are chosen such that light entering the first port exits the second port, light entering the second port exits the third port, and light entering the third port is prevented from exiting the first and second ports.

摘要翻译： 具有第一，第二和第三端口的光循环器。 光循环器包括分束器和多个法拉第级。 分束器连接到第一和第三端口，并将进入第一端口的第一光信号分离为第一和第二输出光信号。 分束器还将进入第三端口的第二光信号分离成第三和第四输出光信号。 第一，第二，第三和第四出射光信号彼此间隔开。 第一和第二输出光信号分别包括来自第一光信号的正交偏振分量，第三和第四输出光信号分别包括来自第二光信号的正交偏振分量。 法拉第阶段，包括第一个法拉第阶段和最后一个法拉第阶段，系列排列。 第一法拉第阶段从分束器接收光，并且最后的法拉第阶段被定位成向第二端口提供光。 选择法拉第级的第二端口和离开方向和旋转方向，使得进入第一端口的光离开第二端口，进入第二端口的光从第三端口离开，并且防止进入第三端口的光 退出第一和第二个端口。

公开(公告)号：EP0762570A3

公开(公告)日：1997-03-26

申请号：EP96305944.9

申请日：1996-08-14

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： H01S3/06 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/08

CPC分类号： H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094092 ,  H01S3/1613 ,  H01S3/1618

摘要： In a laser that generates blue light, two reflectors (34 & 40; 52 & 56; 61 & 62), one or both of which may be fiber-Bragg gratings, define a laser cavity which contains an optical fiber (39; 51; 60) doped with praseodymium. An energy source (32; 55; 64 & 65) provides input light to the optical fiber. A portion of the optical fiber (39) may be doped with ytterbium. Another reflector (37) defines a second, shorter laser cavity within the first laser cavity. The energy source (32) provides energy with a wavelength of about 850 nanometers which provides cross relaxation pumping, resulting in the generation of blue light. There may be two separate cavities, one for the praseodymium-doped fiber (51) and one for an ytterbium-doped fiber (50). An energy source (55) of about 835 nanometers is used. The ytterbium-doped fiber may not be used, in which case two energy sources, one (64) at 1017 nanometers and one (65) at 835 nanometers, are provided.

摘要翻译： 在产生蓝光的激光器中，两个反射器（34＆40; 52＆56; 61＆62）（其中一个或两个可以是光纤布拉格光栅）限定了包含光纤（39; 51; 60）掺杂镨。 能源（32; 55; 64＆65）为光纤提供输入光。 光纤（39）的一部分可以掺杂有镱。 另一个反射器（37）在第一激光腔内限定第二较短的激光腔。 能量源（32）提供具有约850纳米波长的能量，其提供交叉弛豫泵浦，导致产生蓝光。 可能有两个独立的空腔，一个用于镨掺杂光纤（51），另一个用于掺镱光纤（50）。 使用约835纳米的能量源（55）。 可以不使用掺镱光纤，在这种情况下，提供两个能量源，一个在1017纳米处（64）和835纳米处一个（65）。

公开(公告)号：EP0727640A2

公开(公告)日：1996-08-21

申请号：EP96300851.1

申请日：1996-02-08

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Sorin, Wayne V. ,  Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： G01B11/16

CPC分类号： G01B11/16

摘要： Apparatus (300) and method for measuring the change in a dimension of a structure operate by measuring the distance between the plurality of reflective markers (11-15) located along an optical fiber (22). The optical fiber (22) is attached to the structure in such a manner that a change in the dimension in question results in a change in the optical delay of the fiber (22) between at least two of the markers (11-15). The fiber (22) is illuminated with low coherence light. Each marker (11-15) reflects a portion of a light signal traversing the fiber from a first end thereof. The markers (11-15) are located at predetermined distance from the first end. Light reflected from the markers (11-15) is collected and introduced into an autocorrelator (30,310) that measures the coherent sum of a first signal comprising the collected light and a second signal comprising the collected light delayed by a variable time delay. The coherent sum is measured as a function of said variable time delay. Various embodiments of the present invention utilize different methods for identifying the specific markers (11-15). For example, the markers (11-15) may be constructed such that each pair of markers (11-15) reflects light of a characteristic wavelength. In a second embodiment, the distance between each pair of markers (11-15) is used to identify the pair of markers (11-15). In a third embodiment. the reflectivity of each marker (11-15) is used to identify the markers (11-15).

摘要翻译： 用于测量结构尺寸变化的装置（300）和方法通过测量位于沿着光纤（22）的多个反射标记（11-15）之间的距离来操作。 光纤（22）以这样的方式附接到结构，使得所述尺寸的变化导致在至少两个标记（11-15）之间的光纤（22）的光学延迟的变化。 光纤（22）以低相干光照亮。 每个标记（11-15）从其第一端反射穿过光纤的光信号的一部分。 标记（11-15）位于距离第一端预定的距离处。 从标记（11-15）反射的光被收集并被引入自动相关器（30,310），该自相关器测量包括所收集的光的第一信号和包含被延迟了可变时间延迟的收集的光的第二信号的相干和。 测量相干和作为所述可变时间延迟的函数。 本发明的各种实施方案利用用于识别特定标记物的不同方法（11-15）。 例如，标记（11-15）可以被构造成使得每对标记物（11-15）反射特征波长的光。 在第二实施例中，每对标记（11-15）之间的距离用于识别该对标记物（11-15）。 在第三实施例中。 每个标记（11-15）的反射率用于识别标记（11-15）。

公开(公告)号：EP0918445A3

公开(公告)日：2000-05-10

申请号：EP98112899.4

申请日：1998-07-10

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/29319 ,  G02B6/29322 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0022

摘要： A channel selection method and apparatus accommodate the dynamic reconfiguration of channels that are passed through parallel waveguides by selectively tuning Bragg gratings along the waveguides. In the preferred embodiment, the waveguides are output optical fibers connected to an optical splitter (94) having an input of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal. The number of channels in the WDM signal is equal to the number of output fibers (74, 76, 78, 80, 82), which is in turn equal to the number of tunable Bragg gratings (84, 86, 88, 90, 92) along each of the output fibers. The series of Bragg gratings on a particular output fiber is structurally identical to the other series, with each tunable Bragg grating being dedicated to passing or rejecting one of the channels of the WDM signal. Thus, the series of Bragg gratings along a particular output fiber may be tuned to isolate any of the channels or may be tuned to pass two or more channels. In addition to use in a demultiplexing application, the method and apparatus may be used in a multiplexing application to enable channel selection along each of a number of different input waveguides.

公开(公告)号：EP0953854A1

公开(公告)日：1999-11-03

申请号：EP98120667.5

申请日：1998-11-04

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： G02B6/34

CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 ,  G02B6/29322

摘要： A cross-coupler[20, 100, 200] for connecting a first optical network running on a first optical channel[10] to a second optical network running on a second optical channel[12]. The optical couplers are inserted into the first and second optical channels at an insertion point in each of the optical channels. Broadly, the coupler includes a first interface[21] inserted into the first optical channel[10], a second interface[22] inserted into the second optical channel[12], and an optical connecting channel connecting the first and second interfaces for transferring light of a selected wavelength from the first optical channel[10] to the second optical channel[12]. The first and second interfaces preferably include variable frequency Bragg reflectors (VFBR) for reflecting light of a selected wavelength traveling in the optical channels. The selected wavelength is alterable by applying a selection signal to the first VFBR[24, 104]. In embodiments in which light signals are transferred both from the first optical channel[10] to the second optical channel[12] and vice versa, a second optical connecting channel[118] is utilized for transferring light between the second optical channel[12] and the first optical channel[10]. The device preferably utilizes optical circulators for interfacing the various light signals to, and from, the connecting channels. Embodiments in which fixed frequency Bragg reflectors are used in place of the VFBRs may also be constructed.

摘要翻译： 用于将在第一光通道10910上运行的第一光网络连接到在第二光通道212上运行的第二光网络的交叉耦合器。 光耦合器在每个光通道中的插入点插入第一和第二光通道中。 广泛地，耦合器包括插入第一光通道10910中的第一接口231和插入到第二光通道2312中的第二接口2322，以及连接第一和第二接口的光连接通道，用于将选定波长的光从第一光通道10910传送到 第二光通道。 第一和第二接口优选地包括用于反射在光通道中行进的所选波长的光的可变频布拉格反射器（VFBR）。 选择的波长可以通过将选择信号施加到第一VFBRÄ24,104Ü来改变。 在其中光信号从第一光通道10910传递到第二光通道1212并且反之亦然的实施例中，第二光连接通道10911用于在第二光通道212和第一光通道10910之间传送光。 该装置优选地利用光学循环器来将各种光信号连接到连接通道和连接通道。 还可以构造使用固定频率布拉格反射器代替VFBR的实施例。

公开(公告)号：EP0930741A2

公开(公告)日：1999-07-21

申请号：EP98118663.8

申请日：1998-10-02

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Sorin, Wayne V. ,  Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： H04J14/02

CPC分类号： G02B6/29322 ,  G02B6/02195 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/021

摘要： An optical system such as an add and/or drop WDM multiplexer allows the wavelength fluctuation of an optical carrier to be tracked so that a corresponding fiber Bragg grating (FBG) can be responsively tuned. The preferred embodiment of the wavelength tracking system in an optical system such as an add and/or drop module includes a three-port optical circulator (22), three optical fibers (12, 26, 28), a series of tunable FBGs (30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40), a source of a broadband optical noise signal (48), an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) (50), and an FBG tuner (44). In operation, an LED generates modulated probe lightwaves that are inserted into a drop module (20). The LED lightwaves and the optical carriers propagating through the drop module are monitored by an OSA. The monitoring procedure determines the conditions, in terms of target wavelengths of the FBGs, and the stability or instability of the optical carriers. The FBGs are then tuned in response to the FBG and optical carrier information. In another embodiment, the wavelength of an optical carrier is tracked using a modulated tracking grating (94) and an FBG (102) is adjusted in response to the tracking information.

摘要翻译： 诸如添加和/或丢弃WDM多路复用器的光学系统允许跟踪光载波的波长波动，使得可以响应地调谐相应的光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）。 光学系统中的波长跟踪系统的优选实施例如加和/或降模块包括三端口光循环器（22），三根光纤（12,26,28），一系列可调FBG（30 ，32,34,36,38和40），宽带光噪声信号源（48），光谱分析仪（OSA）（50）和FBG调谐器（44）。 在操作中，LED产生被插入到液滴模块（20）中的调制探测光波。 通过OSA监视LED光波和通过降落模块传播的光载波。 监测程序根据FBG的目标波长和光载波的稳定性或不稳定性来确定条件。 然后响应于FBG和光载波信息来调谐FBG。 在另一个实施例中，使用调制跟踪光栅（94）跟踪光载波的波长，并且响应于跟踪信息调整FBG（102）。

公开(公告)号：EP0918445A2

公开(公告)日：1999-05-26

申请号：EP98112899.4

申请日：1998-07-10

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/29319 ,  G02B6/29322 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0022

摘要： A channel selection method and apparatus accommodate the dynamic reconfiguration of channels that are passed through parallel waveguides by selectively tuning Bragg gratings along the waveguides. In the preferred embodiment, the waveguides are output optical fibers connected to an optical splitter (94) having an input of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal. The number of channels in the WDM signal is equal to the number of output fibers (74, 76, 78, 80, 82), which is in turn equal to the number of tunable Bragg gratings (84, 86, 88, 90, 92) along each of the output fibers. The series of Bragg gratings on a particular output fiber is structurally identical to the other series, with each tunable Bragg grating being dedicated to passing or rejecting one of the channels of the WDM signal. Thus, the series of Bragg gratings along a particular output fiber may be tuned to isolate any of the channels or may be tuned to pass two or more channels. In addition to use in a demultiplexing application, the method and apparatus may be used in a multiplexing application to enable channel selection along each of a number of different input waveguides.

摘要翻译： 频道选择方法和装置通过选择性地调整沿着波导的布拉格光栅来适应通过平行波导的信道的动态重新配置。 在优选实施例中，波导是连接到具有波分复用（WDM）光信号输入的光分路器（94）的输出光纤。 WDM信号中的信道数量等于输出光纤数量（74,76,78,80,82），这又等于可调谐布拉格光栅的数量（84,86,88,90,92 ）沿着每个输出光纤。 特定输出光纤上的一系列布拉格光栅在结构上与其他系列相同，每个可调谐布拉格光栅专用于通过或拒绝WDM信号中的一个通道。 因此，沿着特定输出光纤的一系列布拉格光栅可以被调谐以隔离任何通道，或者可以被调谐以通过两个或更多个通道。 除了在解复用应用中使用之外，该方法和装置可以用在多路复用应用中，以便能够沿多个不同的输入波导中的每一个进行信道选择。

公开(公告)号：EP0727640A3

公开(公告)日：1997-05-28

申请号：EP96300851.1

申请日：1996-02-08

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Sorin, Wayne V. ,  Baney, Douglas M.

IPC分类号： G01B11/16

CPC分类号： G01B11/16

摘要： Apparatus (300) and method for measuring the change in a dimension of a structure operate by measuring the distance between the plurality of reflective markers (11-15) located along an optical fiber (22). The optical fiber (22) is attached to the structure in such a manner that a change in the dimension in question results in a change in the optical delay of the fiber (22) between at least two of the markers (11-15). The fiber (22) is illuminated with low coherence light. Each marker (11-15) reflects a portion of a light signal traversing the fiber from a first end thereof. The markers (11-15) are located at predetermined distance from the first end. Light reflected from the markers (11-15) is collected and introduced into an autocorrelator (30,310) that measures the coherent sum of a first signal comprising the collected light and a second signal comprising the collected light delayed by a variable time delay. The coherent sum is measured as a function of said variable time delay. Various embodiments of the present invention utilize different methods for identifying the specific markers (11-15). For example, the markers (11-15) may be constructed such that each pair of markers (11-15) reflects light of a characteristic wavelength. In a second embodiment, the distance between each pair of markers (11-15) is used to identify the pair of markers (11-15). In a third embodiment. the reflectivity of each marker (11-15) is used to identify the markers (11-15).

公开(公告)号：EP0564098B1

公开(公告)日：1996-05-22

申请号：EP93301641.2

申请日：1993-03-04

申请人： Hewlett-Packard Company

发明人： Baney, Douglas M. ,  Sorin, Wayne V.

IPC分类号： H01S3/06

CPC分类号： H01S3/06795 ,  H01S3/06712 ,  Y10S372/703