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公开(公告)号：EP0235608B1
公开(公告)日：1994-05-04
申请号：EP87101584.8
申请日：1987-02-05
IPC分类号： G06K9/68
CPC分类号： G06K9/6282 , Y10S707/99942
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公开(公告)号：EP0448802A3
公开(公告)日：1992-01-08
申请号：EP90124057.2
申请日：1990-12-13
IPC分类号： H03M7/40
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006 , H03M7/48
摘要： A system and method for maximizing data compression by optimizing model selection during coding of an input stream of data symbols, wherein at least two models are run and compared, and the model with the best coding performance for a given-size segment or block of compressed data is selected such that only its block is used in an output data stream. The best performance is determined by 1) respectively producing comparable-size blocks of compressed data from the input stream with the use of the two, or more, models and 2) selecting the model which compresses the most input data. In the preferred embodiment, respective strings of data are produced with each model from the symbol data and are coded with an adaptive arithmetic coder into the compressed data. Each block of compressed data is started by coding the decision to use the model currently being run and all models start with the arithmetic coder parameters established at the end of the preceding block. Only the compressed code stream of the best model is used in the output and that code stream has in it the overhead for selection of that model. Since the decision as to which model to run is made in the compressed data domain, i.e., the best model is chosen on the basis of which model coded the most input symbols for a given-size compressed block, rather than after coding a given number of input symbols, the model selection decision overhead scales with the compressed data. Successively selected compressed blocks are combined as an output code stream to produce an optimum output of compressed data, from input symbols, for storage or transmission.
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3.发明授权Data translation apparatus translating between raw and compression encoded data forms 失效数据转换设备在RAW和压缩编码数据格式之间进行转换
公开(公告)号：EP0079442B1
公开(公告)日：1988-07-27
申请号：EP82108517.2
申请日：1982-09-16
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006 , H03M7/42
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4.发明公开Apparatus for generating an instantaneous FIFO binary arithmetic code string, apparatus for reconstructing a binary symbol string from such a code string, and a method for recursively encoding, and a method for recursively decoding, an instantaneous FIFO binary arithmetic number string 失效装置用于产生一个瞬时的，FIFO二进制算术码序列装置，用于递归瞬时FIFO二进制算术序列再生这样的代码序列的递归编码和解码方法的二进制符号序列和方法。
公开(公告)号：EP0029967A2
公开(公告)日：1981-06-10
申请号：EP80107231.5
申请日：1980-11-20
IPC分类号： G06F5/00
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： A method and means of arithmetic coding of conditional binary sources permitting instantaneous decoding and minimizing the number of encoding operations per iteration. A single shift and subtract operation for each encoding cycle can be achieved if an integer valued parameter representative of a probability interval embracing each source symbol relative frequency is used for string encoding and control. If the symbol being encoded is the most probable, then nothing is added to the arithmetic code string. However, an internal variable is updated by replacing it with an augend amount. If the updated internal variable has a leading zero, then both it and the code string are shifted left by one position. If the symbol being encoded is the least probable, then a computed augend is added to the code string and the code string is shifted by an amount equal to the integer valued parameter.
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公开(公告)号：EP0021283A1
公开(公告)日：1981-01-07
申请号：EP80103312.7
申请日：1980-06-13
CPC分类号： G06T9/005 , H03M7/4006 , H04L1/004
摘要： A transmitter (11) is coupled via a transmission or storage medium (5) to a receiver (19). The transmitter encodes a sequence of source symbols k in accordance with an arithmetic coding technique, whereby roughly, digital numbers representing the successive source symbols are successively added at the low order end of the previously developed sum to develop a data string. The possibility of rippling of carries to the higher orders of the data string, which would prevent any part of the data string from being transferred until all the source symbols had been received, is prevented by the insertion of a control character in the data string, where n consecutive characters of the same kind occur. The data string can thus be transferred in high to low order sequence, in sections before the data string has been completely formed. The receiver decodes the data string by correcting appropriately for the control characters.
摘要翻译： 发射器（11）经由传输或存储介质（5）耦合到接收器（19）。 发射机根据算术编码技术对源符号序列进行编码，从而在先前开发的和的低阶末尾，连续添加表示连续源码元的数字序列，从而开发数据串。 通过在数据串中插入控制字符来防止将携带波纹的数据串的较高阶数的可能性阻止数据串的任何部分被传送，直到所有的源符号被接收， 其中发生相同类型的n个连续字符。 因此，数据串可以在数据串完全形成之前以高到低的顺序传送。 接收机通过适当地修改控制字符来解码数据串。
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6.发明公开
公开(公告)号：EP0231736A3
公开(公告)日：1991-02-27
申请号：EP87100002.2
申请日：1987-01-02
IPC分类号： H03M7/42
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： Method and apparatus which cyclically generate a compressed, arithmetically-coded binary stream in response to binary occurrence counts of symbols in an uncoded string. The symbols in the uncoded string are drawn from a multi-character alphabet which is not necessarily a binary one. Coding operations and hardware are simplified by deriving from the binary occurrence counts an estimate of the probability of each unencoded symbol at its precise lexical location. The probability estimation eliminates any requirement for division or multiplication by employing magnitude-shifting of the binary occurrence counts. The encoded stream is augmented by the estimated symbol probability at the same time that an internal variable is updated with an estimate of the portion of a probability interval remaining after coding the current symbol, the interval estimate being obtained from the left-shifted occurrence counts. Decoding is the dual of encoding. The unencoded symbol stream is extracted, symbol-by-symbot, by substracting the estimated symbol probability that comes closest to, but does not exceed the magnitude of the compressed stream, re-estimating the symbol probabilities based upon the decoding, and testing the difference of the subtraction against the re-estimated probability.
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公开(公告)号：EP0235608A3
公开(公告)日：1990-10-31
申请号：EP87101584.8
申请日：1987-02-05
IPC分类号： G06K9/68
CPC分类号： G06K9/6282 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： Disclosed is a method for assigning features to nodes of a tree structured classifier and for determining terminal nodes in response to a training set of objects, each of such objects being determined by a plurality of features. The method comprises the steps at each node of the tree of:
(1) determining a selected characteristic, such as a cost function based on the minimum description length, of the plurality of features unused at prior nodes along the path from the root to the present node; (2) assigning a feature to the node having a preferred value for the selected characteristic relative to the other features; (3) creating child nodes in response to the assigned feature; (4) for each child node, determining the selected characteristic for the plurality of features unused at prior nodes and assigning a feature to the child node having a preferred value for the selected characteristic relative to the other features; (5) generating a combination of the values for the selected characteristics of the assigned features for the child nodes of the node; and (6) classifying the node as a terminal node in response to a comparison of the combination of values for the features assigned to the child nodes and the value for the feature assigned to the node.-
8.发明公开
公开(公告)号：EP0231736A2
公开(公告)日：1987-08-12
申请号：EP87100002.2
申请日：1987-01-02
IPC分类号： H03M7/42
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： Method and apparatus which cyclically generate a compressed, arithmetically-coded binary stream in response to binary occurrence counts of symbols in an uncoded string. The symbols in the uncoded string are drawn from a multi-character alphabet which is not necessarily a binary one. Coding operations and hardware are simplified by deriving from the binary occurrence counts an estimate of the probability of each unencoded symbol at its precise lexical location. The probability estimation eliminates any requirement for division or multiplication by employing magnitude-shifting of the binary occurrence counts. The encoded stream is augmented by the estimated symbol probability at the same time that an internal variable is updated with an estimate of the portion of a probability interval remaining after coding the current symbol, the interval estimate being obtained from the left-shifted occurrence counts. Decoding is the dual of encoding. The unencoded symbol stream is extracted, symbol-by-symbot, by substracting the estimated symbol probability that comes closest to, but does not exceed the magnitude of the compressed stream, re-estimating the symbol probabilities based upon the decoding, and testing the difference of the subtraction against the re-estimated probability.
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9.发明公开Data translation apparatus translating between raw and compression encoded data forms 失效DatenübersetzungsgerätzurÜbersetzungzwischen rohen und kompressionskodierten Datenformen。
公开(公告)号：EP0079442A2
公开(公告)日：1983-05-25
申请号：EP82108517.2
申请日：1982-09-16
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006 , H03M7/42
摘要： Data translation apparatus incorporates a two-stage adaptive single modeling approach using a state generating model structure unit (1 or 83) feeding a parameter generating unit which is associated with an encoder or decoder. Both units are adaptive, the model structure unit developing a reference context from a base state by up to a predetermined number of additional directed context states from inputs presented for translation. A count'state table 35 is accessed for each symbol presented, the count being incremented and the first so many counts to reach a threshold value having their associated states incremented. Runs of more than a preset number of indentical symbols are separately detected and so signalled, the raw state superceding the table generated state.
摘要翻译： 数据转换装置包括使用与编码器或解码器相关联的参数产生单元的状态生成模型结构单元（1或83）的两阶段自适应单一建模方法。 两个单元是自适应的，模型结构单元从基础状态开始参考上下文，直到来自用于翻译的输入的预定数量的附加定向上下文状态。 对于呈现的每个符号访问计数状态表35，计数递增，并且首先进行许多计数以达到其相关联状态递增的阈值。 单独检测超过预设数量的虚拟符号的运行，如此发信号，原始状态替代表生成状态。
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10.发明公开Apparatus for generating an instantaneous FIFO binary arithmetic code string, apparatus for reconstructing a binary symbol string from such a code string, and a method for recursively encoding, and a method for recursively decoding, an instantaneous FIFO binary arithmetic number string 失效用于生成瞬时FIFO二进制算术码STRING的装置，用于从这样的代码字符串重新构造二进制符号字符串的装置，以及用于再现编码的方法，以及用于再现解码的方法，即时FIFO二进制算术数字STRING
公开(公告)号：EP0029967A3
公开(公告)日：1982-09-29
申请号：EP80107231
申请日：1980-11-20
IPC分类号： G06F05/00
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： A method and means of arithmetic coding of conditional binary sources permitting instantaneous decoding and minimizing the number of encoding operations per iteration. A single shift and subtract operation for each encoding cycle can be achieved if an integer valued parameter representative of a probability interval embracing each source symbol relative frequency is used for string encoding and control. If the symbol being encoded is the most probable, then nothing is added to the arithmetic code string. However, an internal variable is updated by replacing it with an augend amount. If the updated internal variable has a leading zero, then both it and the code string are shifted left by one position. If the symbol being encoded is the least probable, then a computed augend is added to the code string and the code string is shifted by an amount equal to the integer valued parameter.
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