摘要:
The present invention relates to a limiting-current type hydrocarbon sensor comprising a solid-electrolytic layer made of a Ba-Ce-based oxide, and provides a sensor capable of stably detecting hydrocarbon at high sensitivity, regardless of the concentration of oxygen in an atmosphere. A material mainly containing Al is used for at least one of two electrodes on the solid-electrolytic layer made of a Ba-Ce-based oxide to block oxygen at the electrode, i.e. cathode, whereby a hydrocarbon sensor being stable, high in sensitivity, compact, easy to use and low in cost can be provided. Furthermore, the other electrode, anode, of the limiting-current type hydrocarbon sensor is made of a material mainly containing Ag. The limiting-current type hydrocarbon sensor comprises a thin sensor-use solid-electrolytic layer capable of conducting protons and oxide ions, a pair of sensor-use electrodes formed on both sides of the solid-electrolytic layer, one electrode on each side, and a gas diffusion rate determining layer formed on the side of the cathode, one of the pair of electrodes. On the sensor-use solid-electrolytic layer on the side of the anode, a solid ion pump for transferring oxygen, hydrogen or water vapor is provided between the anode and the atmosphere under measurement.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a thermoelectric material containing CoSb 3 compound for converting heat to electricity, and provides a p-type thermoelectric material of CoSb 3 having a high power factor by achieving high Seebeck coefficient consistently with high electric conductivity in a material of CoSb 3 system without causing increase in heat conductivity. By sintering Co 0.07 Pt 0.03 Sb 3 alloy powder using the spark plasma sintering technique, the material is densified, while growth of grains is restricted, so that a higher electric conductivity is achieved with a heat conductivity maintained in a low level, and the figure of merit as a heat-transfer material is improved. Also, by providing such heat insulating layer as an oxide intermediately in a grain boundary of a compound of CoSb 3 in a sintered body, the heat conductivity is reduced. Further, the Seebeck coefficient is increased by adding a rare earth metal to the thermoelectric material of CoSb 3 , and allowing it to be precipitated in grain boundaries of the sintered body.
摘要:
An air/fuel ratio control apparatus for executing auxiliary control of an air/fuel ratio by compensating an injected fuel amount set by a control system for maintaining the air/fuel ratio at a preset value. The air/fuel ratio control apparatus includes a state detecting unit for detecting a plurality of physical values which can be measured at low temperature and which show a state of an engine, an air/fuel ratio estimating unit for receiving a plurality of physical values detected by the state detecting means as input parameters and for estimating the air/fuel ratio using a neural network, and a compensatory fuel amount calculating unit for calculating a compensatory fuel amount for the injected fuel amount from the estimated air/fuel ratio. Here, low temperature refers to a temperature at which an air/fuel sensor cannot operate.
摘要:
A piezoelectric pressure sensor is provided with a sensor housing including an inner sensor housing (12), accommodating an piezoelectric element (15), and an outer sensor housing (10) threaded to a test article. The inner sensor housing is attached to the outer sensor housing in such a manner that a prestress applied to the piezoelectric element does not change due to an axial strain in the outer sensor housing. The axial strain is produced when the outer sensor housing is mounted to a test article.
摘要:
Provided is a regeneration system of an exhaust gas filtering element for diesel particulates. The system comprises two filter elements (34a, 34b) provided in parallel with each other, a burner mechanism (1), and a four-way valve mechanism (16) for switching over an exhaust gas flow and a preheated gas flow obtained by combustion in the burner mechanism (1). The exhaust gas flow is generally passed uniformly through the two filter elements (34a, 34b) which filter off particulates. However, when regeneration is required, an elliptical vane (22) provided in a cylinder (17) of the four-way valve mechanism (16) is rotated so as to cut off the exhaust gas flow passing through one of the filter elements and cause the preheated gas to flow through this filter, whereby particulates are oxidized and incinerated. At this time, the exhaust gas flow is passed through the other filter element, without any particulates being emitted into the atmosphere. Then, the exhaust gas flow and the preheated gas flow are switched by rotating the vane (22) so that the other filter element is regenerated.
摘要:
Members as an upper fixing screw, piezoelectric element (15), a pressure transmitting member (14) are located closer to region of an engine to be measured and the like than a fitting thread portion of a sensor casing so that a pre-stress on the piezoelectric element can be constantly maintained at a predetermined value, thus enabling pressure measurement with a high degree of accuracy. Further, a projecting portion or a spacer is provided on the backside of a pressure receiving surface (13) in order to ensure the surface contact between the pressure transmitting member (14) and the back surface of the pressure receiving surface, thus preventing the stress from concentrating on corners of the bottom surface of the pressure transmitting member.
摘要:
Bumpy-road driving state of a vehicle (11) during driving is correctly grasped by computing from an output signal (ωp) of a roll angular velocity sensor (2) for detecting the angular velocity about a roll axis (B) of the vehicle (11) and an output signal (V) of a vehicle speed sensor (1), and the suspension control apparatus continues to control the damping force of the shockabsorbers (3,4) after the bumpy-road driving has been finished, in order to enlarge the road contact area of the tyre and improve the ride comfort and driving stability of the vehicle.