摘要:
A process for producing methacrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid ester by oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid ester, wherein the improvement comprises using a catalyst having the composition represented by (where X denotes at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, beryllium, magnesium, barium, tin, lead, chromium, tungsten, and tellurium; subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, and g each denote the ratio of the respective elements; b, c, d, e, and f are in the range of 0≦b≦3, 0.2≦c≦2,0.005≦d≦2,0.005≦e≦0.2, and 0≦f≦2, respectively, when a is 12, and the value of g is determined according to the ratio and valence of the other elements), and at least a part of the composition having the heteropoly acid structure.
摘要:
A process for preparing a sucrose fatty acid ester by interesterification between sucrose and a lower alkanol ester or glyceride of a fatty acid in the presence of an ion exchange resin is disclosed, wherein said ion exchange resin is a cation exchange resin having a carboxyl group having been ion-exchanged with an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal. A sucrose fatty acid can be prepared in a high yield through a simplified recovery and purification step.
(A) a reaction step wherein the dehydration reaction of methanol is conducted in a vapour phase under pressure of from 2 to 50 kg/cm 2 G in the presence of a solid acid catalyst, (B) a first distillation step wherein the reaction mixture formed by the above reaction step is cooled and introduced into a pressurized distillation column under pressure of at least 5 kg/ cm 2 G; refined dimethyl ether is obtained as a side stream; substance having a boiling point lower than that of dimethyl ether is distilled from the top; and the bottom is withdrawn, and (C) a second distillation step wherein said bottom is introduced into a second distillation column under pressure lower than the pressure of the pressurized distillation column; unreacted methanol is recovered as a side stream from the second distillation column; substance having a boiling point lower than that of methanol is distilled from the top; and the bottom is withdrawn, whereby (D) the unreacted methanol recovered from the second distillation step is recycled to the reaction step.
摘要:
A process for preparing a sucrose fatty acid ester by interesterification between sucrose and a lower alkanol ester or glyceride of a fatty acid in the presence of an ion exchange resin is disclosed, wherein said ion exchange resin is a cation exchange resin having a carboxyl group having been ion-exchanged with an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal. A sucrose fatty acid can be prepared in a high yield through a simplified recovery and purification step.