摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing glucaric acid or lactone thereof, the process comprising: reacting glucose with oxygen in the presence of a heterogeneous oxidation catalyst comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, and a combination thereof to convert at least a portion of the glucose to glucaric acid or lactone thereof, wherein the pH of the reaction mixture is less than 7 and the reaction is conducted in the substantial absence of added base, and wherein at least about 50% of the glucose is converted to glucaric acid or lactone thereof.
摘要:
A process comprising subjecting a composition comprising an alpha- or beta-hydroxycarboxylic acid, water, an extraction solvent, and an acid catalyst to extractive dehydration to form an unsaturated carboxylic acid product.
摘要:
The invention relates to 3-hydroxypropionic acid esters, obtained by conversion of ethylene oxide with carbon monoxide in the presence of a cobalt catalyst, wherein poly-3-hydroxypropionate is obtained; and transesterification of the poly-3-hydroxypropionate with an alcohol in the presence of a transeseterification catalyst, wherein the 3-hydroxypropionic acid esters are obtained. The transesterification catalyst is a compound of the formula MLx, wherein M stands for a metal of the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th main group or the 3rd to 8th secondary group of the periodic system of the elements, L stands for a ligand, which directly bonds to an M via a C, an O, a P, an S and/or an N atom, and x is a whole number from 2 to 6.
摘要:
Provided herein are recombinant host cells having an active 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid (3-HP) pathway wherein the host cells comprise a heterologous polynucleotide encoding an aminotransferase of E.C. 2.6.1.19 and wherein the aminotransferase comprises the motif (A,C)-Xn-(GSLS)-Xn-SKA(L/l)(L/l). Also described are methods of making the host cells, and methods using the cells to produce 3-HP and derivatives of 3-HP (e.g., acrylic acid).
摘要:
The present invention is directed to a process for catalytic hydrodechlorination of dichloroacetic acid, wherein hydrogen gas is contacted with a liquid feed comprising dichloroacetic acid and monochloroacetic acid to form a product stream comprising monochloroacetic acid and an off gas stream comprising hydrogen chloride and hydrogen, and wherein the product stream is contacted with nitrogen gas so as to remove hydrogen gas present in the product stream.
摘要:
A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated, typically, an α, &bgr; ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester is described. The method comprises the steps of contacting formaldehyde, or a source of formaldehyde, with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst comprises barium phosphate leaf or plate shaped/like crystals, or a source thereof. A catalyst system is also described. The catalyst system comprises a crystalline barium phosphate catalyst and optionally a catalyst support.
摘要:
Methods for catalytically dehydrating lactate salt to acrylic acid, acrylate salt, or mixtures thereof with high yield and selectivity and without significant conversion to undesired side products, such as, acetaldehyde, propionic acid, and acetic acid, are provided. The catalysts include acid-base bifunctional catalysts.