摘要:
Oil sand exploitation is enhanced, by using a downhole apparatus comprising a casing (130) for housing a water conduit for receiving water via a water pipe, at least one steam generation chamber mounted to the peripheral surface of the casing and being in fluid communication with said water conduit and having at least one steam outlet, at least one electrical heater, being thermally connected to said steam generation chamber, if the downhole apparatus further comprises at least one crude oil conduit (125) for recovering crude oil, which has been mobilized by said steam.
摘要:
An oil pipeline (10), comprising at least a duct (12) for transportation of crude oil with a lateral area, at least one compartment (22) being attached to the lateral area of the duct (12) and longitudinally extending parallel to the pipeline (10) and at least one electrical heater element (30) being inserted into the at least one compartment (22) can be efficiently heated to avoid solidification of the oil or components thereof even. The compartment (22) may contain a composition of inorganic compounds and possibly pure elemental species.
摘要:
A heated roller (1) for heating a paper web or fabric web with a cylindrical roller shell (44), a front side (41) and a rear side (42) permits a homogenous temperature on its surface if the cylindrical roller shell (44) surrounds an inner roller shell (46) thereby forming a ring like or at least one ring segment like hollow space (45) between the cylindrical roller shell (44) and the inner roller shell (46) and if at least one heat source (60) is inserted in the hollow space (45).