摘要:
A spread spectrum digital communication receiver, of the type comprising an input memory buffer (16) for storing samples of an input signal (y(k)) and a code generator circuit (30) for generating a re-generated user code, incorporates a device (24) for the estimation of a channel delay profile comprises: a basic correlator (32) having a first input (41) for sequentially reading from a memory location of the input memory buffer (16) a plurality of samples of the input signal (y(k)), a second input (43) for receiving from the code generator circuit (30) a re-generated user code, and an output terminal for generating, by means of a correlation operation between the plurality of samples of the input signal and the regenerated user code, a first value of the channel delay profile energy (DP(1)); and a memory controller circuit (36) for addressing said the memory buffer (16) so that the first input (41) of the basic correlator (32) is successively fed with the content of several memory locations of the memory buffer (16), each addressing operation corresponding to a new correlation operation of the basic correlator (32) for the computation of a new value of the channel delay profile energy (DP(l)).
摘要:
A spread spectrum digital communication receiver, of the type comprising an input memory buffer (16) for storing samples of an input signal (y(k)) and a code generator circuit (30) for generating a re-generated user code, incorporates a device (24) for the estimation of a channel delay profile comprises: a basic correlator (32) having a first input (41) for sequentially reading from a memory location of the input memory buffer (16) a plurality of samples of the input signal (y(k)), a second input (43) for receiving from the code generator circuit (30) a re-generated user code, and an output terminal for generating, by means of a correlation operation between the plurality of samples of the input signal and the regenerated user code, a first value of the channel delay profile energy (DP(1)); and a memory controller circuit (36) for addressing said the memory buffer (16) so that the first input (41) of the basic correlator (32) is successively fed with the content of several memory locations of the memory buffer (16), each addressing operation corresponding to a new correlation operation of the basic correlator (32) for the computation of a new value of the channel delay profile energy (DP(l)).
摘要:
A method for the synchronization of a digital telecommunication receiver comprises the steps of: - storing a plurality of consecutive samples E-l, E, M, L, L+1 of an incoming spread spectrum signal in a delay line 56; - determining by interpolation between consecutive samples of the incoming spread spectrum signal, by means of a first digitally controlled interpolator 26, an interpolated early sample (e) anticipating an optimal sampling time instant; - determining by interpolation between consecutive samples of the incoming spread spectrum signal, by means of a second digitally controlled interpolator 24, an interpolated middle sample (m) corresponding to the optimal sampling time instant; - determining by interpolation between consecutive samples of the incoming spread spectrum signal, by means of a third digitally controlled interpolator 28, an interpolated late sample (1) delayed with respect to the optimal sampling time instant; - calculating an error signal ξ as the difference between the energy of the symbols computed from the interpolated early sample (e) and the interpolated late (1) sample; - extracting the sign of the error signal ξ - accumulating the sign of the error signal ξ for the generation of control signals SE, SM, SL for controlling the interpolation phases of the digitally controlled interpolators used for determining the interpolated early (e), middle (m) and late (l) samples. The accumulated value has a positive saturation value of +4 and a negative saturation value of 4.
摘要:
An arrangement for secure user authentication includes a computer or telecommunication terminal with a smartcard and a device. The smartcard is adapted to securely store biometric information relating to at least one user and the device is adapted to detect biometric data of users. The smartcard and the device include a radio interface for communicating together and a module for exchanging biometric information between each other. In this way, tampering of the transferred biometric information is difficult. In order to increase the security, one or more of the following measures may be used: a secure communication channel between the device and the smartcard, a direct (preferably short range) communication channel between the device and the smartcard and encryption and decryption of biometric information transferred between the device and the smartcard.
摘要:
An automated emotional recognition system is adapted to determine emotional states of a speaker based on the analysis of a speech signal. The emotional recognition system includes at least one server function and at least one client function in communication with the at least one server function for receiving assistance in determining the emotional states of the speaker. The at least one client function includes an emotional features calculator adapted to receive the speech signal and to extract therefrom a set of speech features indicative of the emotional state of the speaker. The emotional state recognition system further includes at least one emotional state decider adapted to determine the emotional state of the speaker exploiting the set of speech features based on a decision model. The server function includes at least a decision model trainer adapted to update the selected decision model according to the speech signal. The decision model to be used by the emotional state decider for determining the emotional state of the speaker is selectable based on a context of use of the recognition system.
摘要:
A service architecture for providing to a user terminal (2) of a communications network (12) textual information and relative speech synthesis, the user terminal being provided with a speech synthesis engine (4) and a basic database of speech waveforms (6), comprising: - a content server (16) for downloading textual information requested by means of a browser application (18) on said user terminal; - a context manager (22) for extracting context information from the textual information requested by said user terminal; - a context selector (24) for selecting an incremental database (DB1, .., DBN) of speech waveforms associated to extracted context information and for downloading the incremental database into the user terminal; - a database manager (26) on the user terminal (2) for managing the composition of an enlarged database of speech waveforms for the speech synthesis engine comprising the basic (6) and the incremental (DB1, .., DBN) databases of speech waveforms.
摘要:
A filter such as a Wiener filter for noise reduction in a signal, such as a speech signal, affected by background noise includes a circuit (50) for determining values of an update function relating new value of estimated noise power (Pnoise-New) to a previous value of estimated noise power (Pnoise), the update function being a function of said previous estimated noise power (Pnoise) and a mean input power spectral density (PIN-PSD). The circuit (50) includes a look-up table (30) having values for the update function stored therein with the previous value of estimated noise power (Pnoise) and the mean input power spectral density (Pin _PSD) as a first and a second search entry, respectively. These search entries are entered via an input module (10) and exploited by search circuitry (12 to 28) associated with the look-up table (30) for selectively searching values for the update function in the look-up table (30). The search is preferably carried out on the basis of an index (26) computed starting from said first and second search entries.