摘要:
A process for converting acetol to propylene glycol with high selectivity, comprising the steps of: combining an acetol-containing feedstock with less than 80% by weight water with a catalyst that is capable of hydrogenating acetol to form a reaction mixture; and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature ranging from 50° to 250°C at a pressure ranging from 0.2 to 25 bar.
摘要:
A reactive-separation process converts glycerin into lower alcohols, having boiling points less than 200 °C, at high yields. Conversion of natural glycerin to propylene glycol through an acetol intermediate is achieved at temperatures from 150° to 250 °C at a pressure ranging from 1 and 25 bar. The preferred applications of the propylene glycol are as an antifreeze, deicing compound, or anti-icing compound. The preferred catalyst for this process in a copper-chromium powder.
摘要:
A composition for use as an antifreeze, deicing agent, or anti-icing agent produced from the crude glycerol byproduct of the C 1 to C 4 alkyl alcohol alcoholysis of a glyceride comprised of: on a water-free basis, from about 0.5% to about 60% glycerol, and from about 20% to about 85% propylene glycol.
摘要:
A process for converting glycerol to propylene glycol with high selectivity, comprising the steps of: heating a glycerol-containing feedstock material in presence of a catalyst that is capable of dehydrating glycerol at a temperature from 170°C to 270°C and a pressure from 0.2 to 25 atmospheres with hydrogen as a limiting reagent to prevent formation of propylene glycol such that there is resultant formation of acetol in the feedstock material; liberating the acetol in vapor phase from the feedstock material; and reacting the acetol in vapor phase with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst that is capable of hydrogenating acetol at a hydrogen partial pressure ranging from 0.2 to 50 bars to form propylene glycol.
摘要:
A process for converting glycerol to propylene glycol with high selectivity, comprising the steps of: heating a glycerol-containing feedstock material in presence of a catalyst that is capable of dehydrating glycerol at a temperature from 170°C to 270°C and a pressure from 0.2 to 25 atmospheres with hydrogen as a limiting reagent to prevent formation of propylene glycol such that there is resultant formation of acetol in the feedstock material; liberating the acetol in vapor phase from the feedstock material; and reacting the acetol in vapor phase with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst that is capable of hydrogenating acetol at a hydrogen partial pressure ranging from 0.2 to 50 bars to form propylene glycol.
摘要:
The Terreplane Transport System is a ground-based transportation comprised of flying vehicles pulled by a propulsion line. An important design feature of the most preferred system is that the propulsion line only experiences longitudinal forces during flight making low-cost propulsion lines possible. A propulsion carriage engages the propulsion line to create acceleration. A connection arm connects the vehicle to the propulsion carriage whereby the cumulative interaction includes the ability to convert impacting and overflowing air into lift complete with control to provided controlled flight based on the longitudinal force conveyed from the propulsion line to the propulsion carriage. The preferred method of conveying the longitudinal force is through linear motors utilizing novel longitudinally asymmetric coils.
摘要:
A composition for use as an antifreeze, deicing agent, or anti-icing agent produced from the crude glycerol byproduct of the C 1 to C 4 alkyl alcohol alcoholysis of a glyceride comprised of: on a water-free basis, from about 0.5% to about 60% glycerol, and from about 20% to about 85% propylene glycol.