摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer die Klopffestigkeit charakterisierenden Kenngröße eines Kraftstoffs mit Hilfe eines, wenigstens einen Zylinder (1) aufweisenden, Prüfmotors (2), wobei der Kraftstoff im Zuge des Verfahrens innerhalb des Zylinders (1) verbrannt wird und der bei der Verbrennung entstehende Zylinderdruck mit Hilfe eines Drucksensors (4) detektiert wird, wobei ein Drucksensor (4) mit einer linearen Druck-Ausgangssignal-Kennlinie zum Einsatz kommt. Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, dass basierend auf dem Ausgangssignals des Drucksensors (4) eine die Klopffestigkeit des Kraftstoffs charakterisierende Kenngröße berechnet wird, wobei die Berechnung auf Basis eines mathematischen Modells erfolgt, welches die Abweichung der Druck-Ausgangssignal-Kennlinie des zum Einsatz kommenden Drucksensors (4) von der Druck-Ausgangssignal-Kennlinie eines in der Norm ASTM D2699 vorgeschriebenen Pickup Sensors (5) berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus wird eine Prüfanordnung zur Bestimmung der Klopffestigkeit eines Kraftstoffs vorgeschlagen.
摘要:
A fuel oil analyzer (1) includes: a sample container (20), in which a sample of a fuel oil is contained; a body case (2) accommodating the sample container (20) therein; a heater (3) configured to heat the sample container (20) in the body case (2); a temperature control unit (9) configured to control a temperature in the body case (2) to be in a predetermined temperature range; temperature sensors (5 to 8) configured to measure a change in the temperature in the body case (2); a weighing scale (15) configured to measure a change in a weight of the fuel oil in the sample container (20); a temperature/weight recording unit (32) configured to record the change in the temperature measured by the temperature sensors (5 to 8) and the change in the weight measured by the weighing scale (15); and an analyzing unit (33) configured to estimate combustion quality of the fuel oil based on the change in the temperature and the change in the weight recorded in the temperature/weight recording unit (32).
摘要:
The system comprises a NMR spectrometer, a digital memory storing a calibration map comprising calibrating data for calibrating NMR spectra obtained by the NMR spectrometer and a computer programmed to analyze the NMR spectra obtained by the NMR spectrometer using calibration map and performing at least one quantitative and/or qualitative catalytic fines determination.
摘要:
The fuel physical property determination method relating to the first aspect of the present invention includes: a test fuel flame-imaging step of obtaining imaging data by imaging flames formed by supplying a pre-mixed gas containing a test fuel and an oxidant agent, to a test tube in which an internal flow path thereof has a diameter set smaller than a flame-quenching distance at normal temperature; and a physical property determination step of determining a physical property of the test fuel by comparing the imaging data obtained in the test fuel flame-imaging step and imaging data obtained by imaging flames ignited by supplying a pre-mixed gas containing a standard-mixed fuel and an oxidant agent, to the test tube, the standard-mixed fuel having a known physical property.
摘要:
A method of detecting hydrate formation includes monitoring a gas phase of interest. The gas phase is a mixture of gases comprising at least one hydrate forming gas. The monitoring includes determining the concentration of at least one component of the mixture of gases, or determining a ratio of concentration between two components of the mixture, at least one of which is the hydrate forming gas. When a change in the determined concentration or in the determined ratio of concentration is detected, relative to an earlier determination or relative to a pre-established base level concentration or base level range of concentration then formation of a hydrate is indicated. Apparatus for carrying out the method and methods for estimating the location of hydrate formation in a pipeline are also described.
摘要:
A fuel property determination method includes a reaction mechanism analysis process (S1) of analyzing elementary reactions that compose chemical reactions between a plurality of types of initial materials including the materials that compose the fuel and obtaining the elementary reactions as fuel elementary reactions, and an octane number determination process (S2) of calculating the combustion characteristics of the fuel by performing a simulation based on the fuel elementary reactions and determining the octane number based on the combustion characteristics of the fuel.