摘要:
An image intensifier and electron multiplier therefor is disclosed. Photons of an image impinge a photo-cathode that converts the photons to electrons. An electron multiplier multiplies the electrons from the photo-cathode to create an increased number of electrons. A sensor captures the increased number of electrons to produce an intensified image. The electron multiplier is an electron bombarded device (EBD) containing a semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure has an input surface for receiving electrons and an emission surface for passing an increased number of electrons. The semiconductor structure is doped to direct the flow of electrons through the semiconductor structure to an emission area on the emission surface.
摘要:
A cathode (5) for emitting photoelectrons or secondary electrons comprises a nickel electrode substrate (5c) with an aluminum layer (5b) deposited on it; an intermediate layer (5a) consisting of carbon nanotubes formed on the aluminum layer; and an alkaline metal layer (5d) formed on the intermediate layer (5a) and composed, for example, of particles of an alkali antimony compound that either emits photoelectrons in response to incident light or emits secondary electrons in response to incident electrons. The decrease in defect density of the particles reduces the probability of recombination of electron and hole remarkably, thus increasing quantum efficiency.
摘要:
Tube photomultiplicateur comprenant une pluralité d'électrodes devant être fixées par des pattes (10) de fixation à l'intérieur d'une fente (20). Selon l'invention, chaque patte (10) de fixation est fixée de manière serrée à l'intérieur de la fente (20), et, en particulier, chaque fente (20) comprend, d'une part, deux extrémités (22a,22b) de profil continûment variable, en contact avec des bords (21a,21b) de la patte (10) de fixation situés sur une première face (11) de ladite patte, et, d'autre part, au moins un méplat (23) de support central en contact avec une deuxième face (12) de la patte (10) de fixation, la patte (10) de fixation présentant à sa base des arrondis coopérant respectivement avec les profils desdites extrémités (22a,22b) de la fente (20). Application aux tubes photomultiplicateurs dont les dynodes présentent des pattes de fixation.
摘要:
A transmission mode photocathode 2 comprises: an optically transparent substrate 4 having an outside face 4a to which light is incident, and an inside face 4b from which the light incident to the outside face 4a side is output; a photoelectric conversion layer 5 disposed on the inside face 4b side of the optically transparent substrate 4 and configured to convert the light output from the inside face 4b into a photoelectron or photoelectrons; and an optically-transparent electroconductive layer 6 comprising graphene, and disposed between the optically transparent substrate 4 and the photoelectric conversion layer 5.
摘要:
An image intensifier (300) and electron multiplier (312) therefor is disclosed. Photons (308) of an image impinge a photo-cathode (306) that converts the photons to electrons. An electron multiplier multiplies the electrons from the photo-cathode to create an increased number of electrons. A sensor (304) captures the increased number of electrons to produce an intensified image. The electron multiplier is an electron bombarded device (EBD) containing a semiconductor structure (320). The semiconductor structure has an input surface (320a) for receiving electrons and an emission surface (320b) for passing an increased number of electrons. The semiconductor structure is doped to direct the flow of electrons through the semiconductor structure to an emission area on the emission surface.
摘要:
The cathode for photo-electron emission 5 is comprised of an alkali metal containing layer 5d made of material for emitting photo-electrons by the entry of light or for emitting secondary electrons by the entry of electrons, such as particles which consist of an alkali antimony compound, on an Ni electrode substrate 5c on which an Al layer 5b is deposited, and has an intermediate layer 5a made of carbon nano-tubes between the alkali metal containing layer 5d and the Ni electrode substrate 5c, therefore the defect density inside the particles is decreased, and the recombining probability of electrons and holes drops remarkably, which improves the quantum efficiency.
摘要:
A photomultiplier includes a photocathode and an electron multiplier. A typical structure of the electron multiplier is obtained such that a dynode unit constituted by stacking a plurality of dynode plates in the incident direction of photoelectrons, an anode plate, and an inverting dynode plate are stacked. The anode plate (5) has electron through holes at a predetermined portion to cause secondary electrons emitted from the dynode unit (13) to pass therethrough. Each electron through hole has a diameter on the inverting dynode plate side larger than that on the dynode unit side, thereby increasing the capture area of the secondary electrons orbit-inverted by the inverting dynode plate.