摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing elemental halides, which is characterized in that during a first step, a mixture consisting of a material containing the corresponding element and of carbon or carbon-containing material is produced, and this mixture is brought into contact with a halogen, hydrogen halide or mixtures thereof, which are all gaseous under the reaction conditions, and is then heated. The supply of energy ensues via an electromagnetic alternating field.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein einfaches und schnelles Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminiumhydroxychlorid und/oder -bromid hoher Basizität, gekennzeichnet durch die Schritte (1) Umsetzung einer wäßrigen Aluminiumchlorid- und/oder Aluminiumbromidlösung und/oder einer wäßrigen Aluminiumhydroxychlorid- und/oder Aluminiumhydroxybromidlösung mit Aluminium in Form von Granulaten, Spänen und/oder Stücken mit einer Teilchengröße von mehr als 2 mm in einem mehr als zehnfachen Überschuß, bezogen auf die zur Umsetzung erforderliche stöchiometrische Menge, durch Erhitzen auf eine Temperatur von 90 bis 110°C, (2) fortlaufende Messung des bei der Reaktion entstehenden Wasserstoffes mittels einer Gasmeßvorrichtung, (3) Abbruch der Reaktion, wenn so viel Wasserstoff gebildet worden ist wie einer vollständigen Umsetzung zu einem Aluminiumhydroxychlorid und/oder -bromid entspricht, in dem mehr als 70 % Hydroxylionen und weniger als 30 % Chlorid- und/oder Bromidionen pro Aluminium gebunden sind, sowie die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Aluminiumhydroxychlorids und/oder -bromids in kosmetischen oder pharmezeutischen Zubereitungen und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing elemental halides, which is characterized in that during a first step, a mixture consisting of a material containing the corresponding element and of carbon or carbon-containing material is produced, and this mixture is brought into contact with a halogen, hydrogen halide or mixtures thereof, which are all gaseous under the reaction conditions, and is then heated. The supply of energy ensues via an electromagnetic alternating field.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods of making enhanced efficacy antiperspirant salts and particularly stabilized aqueous polyhydric alcohol solutions of such salts. One such method involves stabilizing an aqueous solution of an enhanced efficacy antiperspirant salt by adding an effective amount of a polyhydric alcohol having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups. A second disclosed method involves preparing an enhanced efficacy aluminum antiperspirant salt by heating an aqueous solution of an aluminum antiperspirant salt in the presence of a polyhydric alcohol having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups at a temperature of at least 50 °C for a time sufficient to convert the salt to an enhanced salt. A third disclosed method is an improvement in the method of making an aluminum hydroxy halide or an aluminum hydroxy nitrate by reacting aluminum with an aqueous solution of aluminum halide or aluminum nitrate (or with aqueous hydrogen halide or nitric acid), wherein the improvement comprises including a polyhydric alcohol having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups in the reaction mixture. Also disclosed are compositions produced by the foregoing methods.