公开(公告)号：US5859263A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-12

申请号：US696764

申请日：1996-08-14

申请人： Viswas M. Ghorpade ,  Milford A. Hanna

发明人： Viswas M. Ghorpade ,  Milford A. Hanna

IPC分类号： C07C51/00 ,  C07D315/00 ,  C07D307/26 ,  C07C31/18

CPC分类号： C07D315/00 ,  C07C51/00

摘要： The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing levulinic acid from starch in a reactive extrusion process. In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion takes place in a twin-screw extruder having a plurality of temperature zones wherein the starch slurry is preconditioned, extruded, filter pressed, reboiled, vacuum distilled, condensed, centrifuged, whereby the waste effluent from the centrifugation is reprocessed upstream to the preconditioning stage.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在反应性挤出方法中从淀粉制备乙酰丙酸的连续方法。 在优选的实施方案中，挤出在具有多个温度区域的双螺杆挤出机中进行，其中淀粉浆料被预处理，挤出，压滤，再沸腾，真空蒸馏，冷凝，离心，从而离心分离的废液 在上游再处理到预处理阶段。

公开(公告)号：US5496895A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-05

申请号：US942132

申请日：1992-09-08

申请人： Rangaswamy Chinnaswamy ,  Milford A. Hanna

发明人： Rangaswamy Chinnaswamy ,  Milford A. Hanna

IPC分类号： C08G81/00 ,  C08F8/00 ,  C08G81/02 ,  C08L3/10 ,  C08L89/00 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C08L101/16 ,  C08G63/48 ,  C08F32/00 ,  C08G63/91

CPC分类号： C08L3/10 ,  C08L101/00 ,  C08L89/00

摘要： To prepare a biodegradable plastic, biodegradable materials such as starches and a non-biodegradable polymer such as a polystyrene, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polycarbonate are treated: (1) under heat, pressure and reagents to break the polymers; and (2) by adding to them an oxidizing agent. This treatment forms and/or makes available reactive groups for bonding: (1) on the biodegradable material groups such as aldehyde or hydroxyl groups in the case of the carbohydrates and amine groups in the case of proteins and certain other compounds such as urea; and (2) on the non-biodegradable plastic groups such as aldehydes, methyl, propyl, ethyl, benzyl or hyroxyl groups. In one embodiment, plastic and starch are processed in an extruder by: (1) mixing a starch in a range of between 15 percent and 80 percent, an oxidizing agent and an agent to break up the starch and the plastics; and (2) subjecting the combination to sufficient heat and/or pressure to break the plastic into shorter chains and bond monosaccharides to monomers from the non-biodegradable polymer.

摘要翻译： 为了制备可生物降解的塑料，可以处理诸如淀粉和不可生物降解的聚合物如聚苯乙烯，聚氨酯，聚乙烯，聚丙烯或聚碳酸酯的可生物降解的材料：（1）在加热，压力和试剂下破坏聚合物; 和（2）向其中加入氧化剂。 该处理形成和/或提供用于结合的反应性基团：（1）在蛋白质和某些其它化合物如尿素的情况下，在碳水化合物和胺基团的情况下，可生物降解材料基团如醛或羟基; 和（2）在不可生物降解的塑料基团如醛，甲基，丙基，乙基，苄基或羟基上。 在一个实施方案中，塑料和淀粉通过以下方法在挤出机中加工：（1）混合15％至80％范围内的淀粉，一种氧化剂和一种用于分解淀粉和塑料的试剂; 和（2）使组合物具有足够的热和/或压力以将塑料破坏成更短的链，并将单糖与来自不可生物降解的聚合物的单体结合。