公开(公告)号：US4312740A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-26

申请号：US97718

申请日：1979-11-27

Applicant: Gerald R. Chiaramonte

Inventor： Gerald R. Chiaramonte

IPC: C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10B21/20 ,  C10B47/00 ,  C10G9/28

CPC classification number: C10G1/02

Abstract: An improved method for retorting oil shale with heat-carrying bodies comprising relatively coarse attrition resistant, non-oil sorbing, shale ash particles wherein oil recovery is maximized. After retorting, the spent oil shale and heat-carrying bodies are transferred to a reheating vessel or combustor. The reheating vessel contains a dense phase fluidized bed wherein the fixed carbon contained in the spent shale is combusted at temperatures between 1100.degree. F. and 1600.degree. F. to reheat the heat-carrying bodies. The invention is based on the finding that the decomposition of kerogen, which is present as a binder in raw oil shale, leaves pores within kerogen-rich shale which results in relatively large surface areas. Attrition of the kerogen-rich shale in the dense phase fluidized bed at a superificial gas velocity of 7-14 ft/sec reduces the size of this porous, friable material and allows it to be removed in the exit gas stream as fines. The larger particles remaining in the fluidized bed originated as kerogen-lean shale and thus lack the surface area and resulting sorption capacity to adversely affect retorting. These relatively coarse, attrition resistant, non-oil sorbing particles thus may be used effectively as heat-carrying bodies.In another feature of the invention, recovery of sensible heat from the coarse and fine combusted spent shale particles is accomplished in two separate coarse and fine fluidized bed coolers operated at specific conditions to maximize heat transfer and energy utilization.

Abstract translation: 一种改进的使用包含相对粗糙的耐磨，非油吸附，含油回收最大化的页岩灰颗粒的带有热载体的油页岩蒸馏法。 在蒸馏后，将废油页岩和热载体转移到再加热容器或燃烧器。 再加热容器含有密相流化床，其中包含在废页岩中的固定碳在1100°F至1600°F之间的温度下燃烧，以重新加热热载体。 本发明基于以下原因：原油页岩中作为粘合剂存在的干酪根的分解在富含干酪根的页岩中留下孔，导致相对较大的表面积。 在7-15ft / sec的人造气体速度下，致密相流化床中的干酪根富集页岩的磨损减小了这种多孔脆性材料的尺寸，并允许其在出口气流中作为细粒被去除。 残留在流化床中的较大颗粒起源于贫油页岩，因此缺乏表面积并导致吸附能力不利地影响蒸煮。 因此，这些相对粗糙的，耐磨耗的非油吸附颗粒可以有效地用作载热体。 在本发明的另一个特征中，在粗细和精细燃烧的废页岩颗粒中回收显热是在特定条件下操作的两个独立的粗和细流化床冷却器中完成的，以最大限度地传热和能量利用。