公开(公告)号：US06656262B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US09640491

申请日：2000-08-16

申请人： Paul A. Schwam

发明人： Paul A. Schwam

IPC分类号： C04B1414

CPC分类号： C04B20/1088 ,  Y10S106/01 ,  C04B20/002

摘要： A process for binding porous-rock particles with cement, wherein the rock is saturated in water prior to mixing with the cement. The saturation step causes water to fill the voids in the porous structure of the rock such that, during mixing of the wet rock with cement, cement particles adhere to the surface of the rock but are mostly precluded from reaching void spaces in the rock. As a result of this procedure, the interstitial water is available from within the rock for the cement hydration process, thereby providing a more uniform curing step than otherwise available, and a greater proportion of the cement is appropriately placed on the outer surface of the particles for bonding. The resulting aggregate is stronger than obtained by conventional mixing processes. In addition, because of the voids left in the composite after the cement has cured and the interstitial water has been either used by the hydration process or has evaporated, the material also exhibits improved insulating properties.

摘要翻译： 一种用水泥粘合多孔岩石颗粒的方法，其中岩石在与水泥混合之前在水中饱和。 饱和步骤使水填充岩石的多孔结构中的空隙，使得在湿岩石与水泥混合期间，水泥颗粒粘附到岩石的表面，但是大部分排除在岩石中的空隙空间之外。 作为该过程的结果，间隙水可从岩石内获得用于水泥水化过程，从而提供比其它可获得的更均匀的固化步骤，并且将较大比例的水泥适当地放置在颗粒的外表面上 用于粘合。 所得聚集体比通过常规混合方法获得的更强。 另外，由于在水泥固化后复合材料中留下的空隙和间隙水已被水化过程使用或已经蒸发，所以材料也具有改善的绝缘性能。

公开(公告)号：US06928977B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-16

申请号：US10884570

申请日：2004-07-02

申请人： Paul A. Schwam

发明人： Paul A. Schwam

IPC分类号： B64D27/02 ,  B64D35/06 ,  F01C1/22 ,  F02B53/00 ,  F04C2/10 ,  F04C11/00 ,  F04C29/00 ,  B64C11/00 ,  B64C27/00

CPC分类号： B64D27/02 ,  B64D35/06 ,  F01C1/22 ,  F02B53/00 ,  F02B2053/005 ,  F04C2/10 ,  F04C11/006 ,  F04C29/0021 ,  F04C2240/603 ,  Y02T10/17

摘要： The present invention is a novel hydraulic/electric, rotating interface for torque producing engines, including internal combustion engines, which enables a rigidly mounted motor to isolate the power/torque producing components from other stationary accessories, to provide advantageous crankshaft/block counter-rotational output, suitable for torque free power applications, torque free propulsion and torque sensitive environments.

摘要翻译： 本发明是用于转矩产生发动机的新颖的液压/电动旋转接口，包括内燃机，其使得刚性安装的电动机能够将功率/扭矩产生部件与其它固定附件隔离，以提供有利的曲轴/块反向旋转 输出，适用于无扭矩的电源应用，无扭矩推进和扭矩敏感环境。

公开(公告)号：US06994071B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US10884572

申请日：2004-07-02

申请人： Paul A. Schwam

发明人： Paul A. Schwam

IPC分类号： B64C11/00 ,  B64C27/00 ,  F02B53/00

CPC分类号： B64D27/02 ,  B64D35/06 ,  F01C1/22 ,  F02B53/00 ,  F02B2053/005 ,  F04C2/10 ,  F04C11/006 ,  F04C29/0021 ,  F04C2240/603 ,  Y02T10/17

摘要： A counter-rotating 2 cycle piston engine with a combustion chamber and an output shaft rotatably mounted to rotate independently about the same propeller centerline of an aircraft. The Internal combustion power is transmitted to the output shaft by means of a conventional piston, rod, crankshaft configuration journaled to the combustion chamber or engine block in the traditional manner thereby producing concurrent rotation of the shaft and counter-rotation of the engine block. Interior surfaces of the combustion chamber and pistons are angled to control the oil flow inside the crankcase and eliminate unwanted ponding. The pistons are modified to transfer fluid accumulations to the combustion chamber. A throttle is located at the axis of rotation to function normally without the effects of centrifical force. Dual propellers mounted on the shaft and on the block improve thrust performance, balance the torques and moments of inertia of the two counter-rotating masses, All rotational output torque automatically balances itself between counter rotating propellers and is converted into propulsion. No rotational torque is allowed to be transmitted to the airframe through the counter-rotating engine mount.

摘要翻译： 具有燃烧室的反向旋转2循环活塞发动机和可旋转地安装成可独立地围绕飞机的相同螺旋桨中心线旋转的输出轴。 通过传统的活塞，杆，曲轴配置将内燃动力传递到输出轴，传统的活塞杆，曲轴配置以传统的方式安装在燃烧室或发动机缸体上，从而产生轴的同时旋转和发动机缸体的反转。 燃烧室和活塞的内表面成角度，以控制曲轴箱内的油流并消除不必要的沉淀。 活塞被修改以将流体积聚物传递到燃烧室。 节气门位于旋转轴线上，正常工作，不受离心力的影响。 安装在轴和块上的双螺旋桨提高了推力性能，平衡了两个反向旋转质量块的转矩和转动惯量。所有旋转输出扭矩自身在反向旋转螺旋桨之间自动平衡，并被转换为推进。 不允许旋转扭矩通过反向旋转的发动机支架传递到机身。

公开(公告)号：US06761144B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-13

申请号：US10417364

申请日：2003-04-16

申请人： Paul A. Schwam

发明人： Paul A. Schwam

IPC分类号： F02B5300

CPC分类号： B64D35/06 ,  B64D27/02 ,  F01C1/22 ,  F02B53/00 ,  F02B2053/005 ,  F04C2/10 ,  F04C11/006 ,  F04C29/0021 ,  F04C2240/603 ,  Y02T10/17

摘要： A counter-rotating rotary-piston engine has an output shaft with a cylindrical inner cavity rotatably mounted on a single support spindle in the frame of an aircraft. The output shaft extends substantially through the length of the engine block, which is suitably journaled on the shaft or the spindle to permit its counter-rotation. Internal combustion power is transmitted to the output shaft by means of an inner rotary piston fixed to the shaft which cooperates in conventional manner with an outer working chamber in the engine block, thereby producing concurrent rotation of the shaft and counter-rotation of the engine block. Dual propellers mounted on the shaft and on the block improve thrust performance, balance the torques and moments of inertia of the two counter-rotating masses, and virtually eliminate any resultant torque to the aircraft.

摘要翻译： 反转旋转活塞发动机具有输出轴，其具有可旋转地安装在飞行器的框架中的单个支撑主轴上的圆柱形内腔。 输出轴基本上延伸穿过发动机缸体的长度，该发动机缸体适当地轴套在轴或主轴上以允许其反转。 内燃动力通过固定在轴上的内旋转活塞传递到输出轴，该内旋转活塞以常规方式与发动机缸体中的外工作室配合，从而产生轴的同时旋转和发动机缸体的反转 。 安装在轴和块上的双螺旋桨提高了推力性能，平衡了两个反向旋转质量块的扭矩和转动惯量，并且实际上消除了对飞机的任何合成扭矩。

公开(公告)号：US4907382A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-13

申请号：US112447

申请日：1987-10-26

申请人： Paul A. Schwam

发明人： Paul A. Schwam

IPC分类号： E04B1/32

CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 ,  E04B2001/3276 ,  E04B2001/3288 ,  E04B2001/3294

摘要： A structure including a geodesic dome utilizing both strut framing members and sheathing wherein the strength of the structure is carried within the sheathing and where the strut framing cooperates to provide fastenability. The connection methods attach separate strut members to a common sheathing member and attach separate sheathing members to a common strut member. The method of structure can be panelized where the panel sheathing includes spaced tabs which overhang the panel to mate with a corresponding sheathing recess and exposed strut portions of an adjacent panel. The sheathing tabs are trapezoidal in shape of sufficient angle to allow lateral movement of panels into position without interference from overlapping tabs of adjacent panels. The interleaving panel edge configuration automatically aligns and interlocks adjacent panels into final position pending connectors. Connectors include nails, screws, or pins placed through the sheathing into the strut framework from outside the structure inwardly or inside the structure outwardly. No fasteners are placed from sheathing to sheathing or from strut to strut. A panel secondary strut layout pattern is arranged to form secondary apexes along the dihedral ridge, thus providing a positive tension and compression connection across the dihedral ridge. The introduction of a shear plate at the verticies of each panel provides additional strength by collectively forming a shear ring surrounding each apex of a completed structure.

摘要翻译： 一种结构，其包括使用支柱框架构件和护套的测地圆顶，其中结构的强度在护套内承载，并且支柱框架配合以提供紧固性。 连接方法将单独的支柱构件附接到共同的护套构件，并将单独的护套构件附接到公共撑杆构件。 结构的方法可以镶嵌在面板护套包括间隔开的突出部分的突出部分上，该突出部突出于面板上以与相应的护板凹槽和暴露的相邻面板的支柱部分配合。 护套片是梯形的足够的角度，以允许面板横向移动到位，而不会受到相邻面板重叠片的干扰。 交错面板边缘配置自动对齐并将相邻面板互锁到待定连接器的最终位置。 连接器包括钉子，螺钉或销钉，通过护套从结构的外部通过外壳向内或向内放置到支柱框架中。 没有紧固件从护套放置到护套或从支柱到支柱。 面板辅助支柱布局图案被布置成沿着二面棱形成次级顶点，从而提供穿过二面脊的正张力和压缩连接。 在每个板的顶部引入剪切板通过共同形成围绕完整结构的每个顶点的剪切环来提供额外的强度。