Azeotropic nitration of benzene
    2.
    发明授权
    Azeotropic nitration of benzene 失效
    苯的共沸硝化

    公开(公告)号:US3981935A

    公开(公告)日:1976-09-21

    申请号:US639875

    申请日:1975-12-10

    Applicant: Robert McCall

    Inventor: Robert McCall

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08

    Abstract: A duplex process for the mononitration of benzene wherein the nitration is carried out in an azeotropic first stage followed by a lower temperature, mixed-acid second stage. The azeotropic stage uses reaction temperatures of at least 120.degree.C in mixed HNO.sub.3 --H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, and excess water is carried overhead as an azeotrope with part of the benzene and is then decanted from the benzene. The nitrated benzene is removed as bottoms and decanted from the acid phase, avoiding the necessity of reconcentrating the H.sub.2 SO.sub.4. Both the nitrated benzene bottoms and the organic, benzene-containing part of the overhead stream are supplied to the second stage for completing the conversion into mononitrobenzene in mixed acid at lower temperatures such as 70.degree.C.

    Abstract translation: 用于苯的单硝化的双相方法,其中硝化在共沸的第一阶段中进行,随后是较低温度的混合酸的第二阶段。 共沸阶段在混合的HNO3-H2SO4中使用至少120℃的反应温度,过量的水作为与一部分苯的共沸物塔顶馏出,然后从苯中倾出。 硝化的苯作为底部物质被去除并从酸相中倾析出来,避免了再浓缩H 2 SO 4的必要性。 将硝化苯底物和塔顶馏出物的有机,含苯部分都供入第二阶段,以完成在较低温度如70℃下在混合酸中转化成单硝基苯。

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