摘要:
A differential space-time block coder produces successive space-time blocks of symbols from M-PSK symbols to be encoded, in accordance with an orthogonal matrix and a normalization factor. Differentially encoded space-time output blocks, for transmission via a plurality of transmit antennas (16, 18) of a wireless communications system, are produced by multiplying (42) each space-time block from the space-time block coder (40) by the respective previous (44) differentially encoded space-time output block. Decoding is independent of channel estimation, and the arrangement is simple, avoids error propagation, and is applicable to different numbers of transmit antennas.
摘要:
An iterative arrangement of channel estimator (12), a Kalman filter unit (14), and a soft demodulator (16) is provided for producing an estimate of complex gain of a CDMA communications channel carrying data and pilot channels, and demodulated data of the data channel. An initial channel estimate is produced by the estimator (12) using only the low-power pilot channel. This later is improved by the iterative process using the data channel. The complex gains is represented by a sum of sinusoidal signals with different frequencies and randomly variable amplitude and phase.
摘要:
A structural color image includes a metallic layer, a nanocomposite film, and a dielectric layer between and in direct contact with the metallic layer and the nanocomposite film. The metallic layer reflects visible light. The nanocomposite film reflects visible light and includes metallic nanoparticles in a polymeric material.
摘要:
An additive manufacturing process for forming a metallic layer on the surface of the substrate includes fabricating a substrate from a polymerizable composition by a stereolithographic process, and contacting the reactive surface with an aqueous solution including a metal precursor. The metal precursor includes a metal, and the polymerizable composition includes a multiplicity of multifunctional components. Each multifunctional component includes a reactive moiety extending from a surface of the substrate to form a reactive surface. An interface between the reactive surface and the aqueous solution is irradiated to form nanoparticles including the metal. The nanoparticles are chemically coupled to the reactive surface by reactive moieties, thereby forming a metallic layer on the surface of the substrate.
摘要:
An additive manufacturing process for forming a metallic layer on the surface of the substrate includes fabricating a substrate from a polymerizable composition by a stereolithographic process, and contacting the reactive surface with an aqueous solution including a metal precursor. The metal precursor includes a metal, and the polymerizable composition includes a multiplicity of multifunctional components. Each multifunctional component includes a reactive moiety extending from a surface of the substrate to form a reactive surface. An interface between the reactive surface and the aqueous solution is irradiated to form nanoparticles including the metal. The nanoparticles are chemically coupled to the reactive surface by reactive moieties, thereby forming a metallic layer on the surface of the substrate.
摘要:
An antenna module applicable to a mobile device is provided in the present disclosure. The antenna module includes a metal frame, a circuit board surrounded by the metal frame, and an antenna portion on the circuit board. The circuit board includes a main board and a ground board placed on the main board. The antenna portion includes at least one low frequency (LF) ground point and at least one high frequency (HF) ground point arranged on the ground board, and a feed point arranged on the main board. The at least one LF ground point and the at least one HF ground point contact the metal frame; a first current path length between the feed point and the at least one LF ground point is greater than a second current path length between the feed point and the at least one HF ground point.
摘要:
Compositions and methods of preparing a bimetallic alloy having enhanced electrocatalytic properties are provided. The composition comprises a PtNi substrate having a surface layer, a near-surface layer, and an inner layer, where the surface layer comprises a nickel-depleted composition, such that the surface layer comprises a platinum skin having at least one atomic layer of platinum.
摘要:
The invention relates to a single-photon counting imaging system and a single-photon counting imaging method. The system comprises a optical filter, a first lens, a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) control system, a second lens, a single-photon counter and a data processing unit, where the DMD together with the first lens and the second lens are used for converting two-dimensional image data into a one-dimensional sequence to complete sampling of measured signals; the ultra-weak light is filtered by the optical filter, after which the ultra-weak light image onto the DMD through the first lens, and the DMD control system controls the probability of the photons reflected to the second lens and the second lens controls the focusing of the photons; and the data processing unit together with the single-photon counter to complete sparse reconstruction, and the data processing unit converts the number of photons counted by the single-photon counter within a certain period of time into the probability of detected photon counts, as the measured value, and a photon density image is reconstructed by adopting an optimization algorithm based on the measurement matrix on the DMD and the measured value, thereby solving out the two-dimensional image.