Abstract:
Disclosed is a perfusion device and methods of use including a generally cylindrical body and a packed bed of nanosensor-cell embedded matrix spheres (nanoCEMS) disposed between layers of inert microspheres. A concentration of a molecule of interest can be established within the perfusion device to effect the cellular and chemical microenvironment of the nanoCEMS, the nanoCEMS in turn creating their own concentration gradients nutrients and waste products in response, which can be measured by nanosensors. The collected measurements can be applied to a transport model to calculate concentrations of various molecules at discreet locations in the perfusion chamber. Also disclosed is a method for making nanoCEMS by mixing a polymeric mixture with a crosslinking solution and dispersed through a nested dispensing device such that mixing of the two mixtures occurs in air. A piezoelectric transducer coupled to the dispensing device controls the droplet formation rate.