公开(公告)号：US09356303B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-31

申请号：US14161219

申请日：2014-01-22

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M2/38 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00

CPC classification number: H01M8/04276 ,  H01M8/04597 ,  H01M8/04671 ,  H01M8/04902 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method is provided for mitigating hydrogen evolution within a flow battery system that includes a plurality of flow battery cells, a power converter and an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing hydrogen generated by the hydrogen evolution within the flow battery system to the electrochemical cell. A first electrical current generated by an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and a reactant is sensed, and the sensed current is used to control an exchange of electrical power between the flow battery cells and the power converter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于减轻包括多个流动电池单元，功率转换器和电化学电池的流动电池系统内的氢析出的方法。 该方法包括将由流动电池系统内的析氢生成的氢提供给电化学电池。 检测由氢和反应物之间的电化学反应产生的第一电流，并且使用所感测的电流来控制流动电池单元和功率转换器之间的电力交换。

公开(公告)号：US20160013505A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-14

申请号：US14770969

申请日：2013-03-15

Applicant: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Rachid Zaffou ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Craig R. Walker

IPC: H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/20

CPC classification number: H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes at least a cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte separator layer arranged between the electrodes. A supply/storage system is external of the cell and includes a first vessel fluidly connected in a first loop with the first electrode and a second vessel fluidly connected in a second loop with the second electrode. The first loop and the second loop are isolated from each other. The supply/storage system is configured to fluidly connect the first loop and the second loop to move a second liquid electrolyte from the second vessel into a first liquid electrolyte in the first vessel responsive to a half-cell potential at the first electrode being less than a defined threshold half-cell potential.

Abstract translation: 流动电池至少包括具有布置在电极之间的第一电极，第二电极和电解质隔离层的电池。 供应/存储系统在电池的外部，并且包括与第一电极以第一回路流体连接的第一容器和与第二电极以第二回路流体连接的第二容器。 第一环和第二环彼此隔离。 供应/存储系统被配置为使第一回路和第二回路流体连接，以将第二液体电解质从第二容器移动到第一容器中的第一液体电解质中，以响应于第一电极处的半电池电位小于 定义的阈值半细胞电位。

公开(公告)号：US20140315113A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-23

申请号：US14364717

申请日：2011-12-20

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/20

CPC classification number: H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes at least one electrochemical cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode and a separator arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. A first storage portion and a second storage portion are respectively fluidly connected with the at least one electrochemical cell. A first liquid electrolyte and a second liquid electrolyte are located in the respective first storage portion and second storage portion. The first electrode has an area over which it is catalytically active with regard to the first liquid electrolyte and the second electrode has an area over which it is catalytically active with regard to the second liquid electrolyte such that the area of the first electrode is greater than the area of the second electrode.

Abstract translation: 流动电池包括至少一个电化学电池，其具有第一电极，与第一电极间隔开的第二电极和布置在第一电极和第二电极之间的隔板。 第一存储部分和第二存储部分分别与至少一个电化学电池流体连接。 第一液体电解质和第二液体电解质位于相应的第一存储部分和第二存储部分中。 第一电极具有相对于第一液体电解质具有催化活性的区域，并且第二电极具有关于第二液体电解质对其具有催化活性的区域，使得第一电极的面积大于 第二电极的面积。

公开(公告)号：US20150340710A1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-26

申请号：US14653280

申请日：2012-12-23

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Weina Li ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Rachid Zaffou ,  Christopher C. Shovlin

IPC: H01M4/96

CPC classification number: H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/188 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method of treating a carbon electrode includes providing a carbon-based electrode that has a surface with chemically different carbon oxides. The surface is treated with a reducing agent to reduce at least a portion of the oxides to a target carbon oxide. In an aspect, a method of treating a carbon electrode includes providing a carbon-based electrode that has a surface with an initial non-zero concentration of a target carbon oxide. The surface is then treated with a reducing agent to increase the initial non-zero concentration of the target carbon oxide.

Abstract translation: 一种处理碳电极的方法包括提供具有化学上不同的碳氧化物的表面的碳基电极。 用还原剂处理表面以将至少一部分氧化物还原成目标碳氧化物。 在一方面，一种处理碳电极的方法包括提供具有目标碳氧化物的初始非零浓度的表面的碳基电极。 然后用还原剂处理表面以增加目标碳氧化物的初始非零浓度。

公开(公告)号：US20150263358A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-17

申请号：US14364712

申请日：2011-12-20

Applicant: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/0263 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes a liquid electrolyte that has an electrochemically active specie and a bipolar plate that has channels for receiving flow of the liquid electrolyte. A porous electrode is arranged immediately adjacent the bipolar plate. The porous electrode is catalytically active with regard to the liquid electrolyte. The channels of the bipolar plate have at least one of a channel arrangement or a channel shape that is configured to positively force at least a portion of the flow of the liquid electrolyte into the porous electrode.

Abstract translation: 流动电池包括具有电化学活性物质的液体电解质和具有用于接收液体电解质流动的通道的双极板。 多孔电极紧邻双极板设置。 关于液体电解质，多孔电极具有催化活性。 双极板的通道具有通道布置或通道形状中的至少一个，其被配置为将液体电解质的流动的至少一部分积极地推动到多孔电极中。

公开(公告)号：US20140132238A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-15

申请号：US14161219

申请日：2014-01-22

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/04276 ,  H01M8/04597 ,  H01M8/04671 ,  H01M8/04902 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method is provided for mitigating hydrogen evolution within a flow battery system that includes a plurality of flow battery cells, a power converter and an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing hydrogen generated by the hydrogen evolution within the flow battery system to the electrochemical cell. A first electrical current generated by an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and a reactant is sensed, and the sensed current is used to control an exchange of electrical power between the flow battery cells and the power converter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于减轻包括多个流动电池单元，功率转换器和电化学电池的流动电池系统内的氢析出的方法。 该方法包括将由流动电池系统内的析氢生成的氢提供给电化学电池。 检测由氢和反应物之间的电化学反应产生的第一电流，并且使用所感测的电流来控制流动电池单元和功率转换器之间的电力交换。

公开(公告)号：US10044058B2

公开(公告)日：2018-08-07

申请号：US14770969

申请日：2013-03-15

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Rachid Zaffou ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Craig R. Walker

IPC: H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/20

CPC classification number: H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes at least a cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte separator layer arranged between the electrodes. A supply/storage system is external of the cell and includes a first vessel fluidly connected in a first loop with the first electrode and a second vessel fluidly connected in a second loop with the second electrode. The first loop and the second loop are isolated from each other. The supply/storage system is configured to fluidly connect the first loop and the second loop to move a second liquid electrolyte from the second vessel into a first liquid electrolyte in the first vessel responsive to a half-cell potential at the first electrode being less than a defined threshold half-cell potential.

公开(公告)号：US09647273B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-09

申请号：US14807590

申请日：2015-07-23

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Arun Pandy ,  Sergei F. Burlatsky ,  Vadim Atrazhev

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M4/861 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes an electrode operable to be wet by a solution having a reversible redox couple reactant. In one embodiment, the electrode can have plurality of micro and macro pores, wherein the macro pores have a size at least one order of magnitude greater than a size of the micro pores. In another embodiment, the electrode includes a plurality of layers, wherein one of the plurality of layers has a plurality of macro pores, and wherein another one of the plurality of layers has a plurality of micro pores. In another embodiment, the electrode has a thickness less than approximately 2 mm. In still another embodiment, the electrode has a porous carbon layer, wherein the layer is formed of a plurality of particles bound together.

公开(公告)号：US20150333335A1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-19

申请号：US14807590

申请日：2015-07-23

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Arun Pandy ,  Sergei F. Burlatsky ,  Vadim Atrazhev

IPC: H01M4/86 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M4/861 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes an electrode operable to be wet by a solution having a reversible redox couple reactant. In one embodiment, the electrode can have plurality of micro and macro pores, wherein the macro pores have a size at least one order of magnitude greater than a size of the micro pores. In another embodiment, the electrode includes a plurality of layers, wherein one of the plurality of layers has a plurality of macro pores, and wherein another one of the plurality of layers has a plurality of micro pores. In another embodiment, the electrode has a thickness less than approximately 2 mm. In still another embodiment, the electrode has a porous carbon layer, wherein the layer is formed of a plurality of particles bound together.

Abstract translation: 流动电池包括可操作地被具有可逆的氧化还原偶联反应物的溶液湿润的电极。 在一个实施例中，电极可以具有多个微孔和大孔，其中宏观孔具有比微孔大小至少一个数量级的尺寸。 在另一个实施例中，电极包括多个层，其中多个层中的一个层具有多个宏观孔，并且其中多个层中的另一层具有多个微孔。 在另一个实施例中，电极具有小于约2mm的厚度。 在另一个实施方案中，电极具有多孔碳层，其中该层由多个结合在一起的颗粒形成。