摘要:
It is to provide a novel optically active dibenzazepine derivative having a high utility value as an asymmetric phase-transfer catalyst. It is an optically active 6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[c,e]azepine derivative represented by the following formula (1′), (wherein R represents a divalent organic group for cross-linking the 1st position and the 11th position; R1 and R2 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or organic group, or R1 and R2 together represent a divalent organic group; R3′ and R4′ are the same or different and represent a monovalent organic group, or R3′ and R4′ together form an organic group that forms a cyclic structure comprising an onium nitrogen atom; Ar represents a monovalent organic group; * represents optical activity, i.e., that one axially asymmetric isomer is present in excess of the other axially asymmetric isomer with respect to a bond axis that constitutes the biphenyl structure of the compound; and X− represents a counter anion).
摘要:
Disclosed is an optically active quaternary ammonium salt compound represented by the formula (1) below. Also disclosed are a production intermediate of such an optically active quaternary ammonium salt compound, and a method for producing such an optically active quaternary ammonium salt compound. (1) (In the formula, R1, R2, R21, R3 and R4 respectively represent an alkyl group, an aryl group or the like; R5 and R6 respectively represent an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or the like; and X− represents an anion.)
摘要:
A method for stabilizing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, which comprises reducing an oxygen dissolved in a solution containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and food or drink containing 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
摘要:
A transistor model for a simulator simulates a resistance between a source region and a drain region with a model equation which has terms representing resistance values corresponding respectively to areas of mutually different impurity concentrations below a gate section in simulating characteristics of a transistor. At least two of the terms each having a threshold parameter indicating a voltage at which a semiconductor element composed of the associated region and regions adjacent to that region changes from an ON state to an OFF state. The threshold parameters of the terms being specified independently from each other. Thus, the characteristics of a transistor having a set of areas of mutually different impurity concentrations below a gate section, inclusive of subthreshold regions which are difficult to evaluate through actual measurement, can be simulated to high accuracy while preserving a good fit with a capacitance model.
摘要:
A food objective for extraction and/or squeezing is charged into a colloid mill or a twin-screw extruder; immediately after and/or while milling, a low-temperature solvent (for example, water or milk of from −3 to 50° C.) is added; and after treating the food using the extruder, grounds are removed to produce an extract and/or a squeezed liquid.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process of producing fermented milk or milk powder, including removing ions from milk, and reducing the dissolved oxygen concentration in the milk, followed by subjecting the milk to a heat treatment, as well as concentrated milk and milk powder with good flavor and an effect of improving physico-chemical properties as a raw food material, which have never been found in conventional concentrated milk and milk powder.
摘要:
A transistor model for a simulator simulates a resistance between a source region and a drain region with a model equation which has terms representing resistance values corresponding respectively to areas of mutually different impurity concentrations below a gate section in simulating characteristics of a transistor. At least two of the terms each having a threshold parameter indicating a voltage at which a semiconductor element composed of the associated region and regions adjacent to that region changes from an ON state to an OFF state. The threshold parameters of the terms being specified independently from each other. Thus, the characteristics of a transistor having a set of areas of mutually different impurity concentrations below a gate section, inclusive of subthreshold regions which are difficult to evaluate through actual measurement, can be simulated to high accuracy while preserving a good fit with a capacitance model.
摘要:
An active matrix display device has a number of pixels arranged in matrix form, signal lines for supplying display signals to the pixels, and a driver circuit for driving the signal lines. The driver circuit includes a frequency divider circuit for frequency-dividing input multi-phase clock signals, a synchronous counter circuit for frequency-dividing part of the input multi-phase clock signals, and a decoder circuit for selecting a desired one of the signal lines based on outputs of the frequency divider circuit and the synchronous counter circuit.
摘要:
A position measuring laser apparatus includes first and second laser transmitter-receivers and a position measure. The laser transmitter-receiver includes a laser beam emitter for emitting a laser beam, and a laser beam receiver for receiving a laser beam resulting from the emitted laser beam reflected from a reference reflecting mirror. An optical axis of the laser transmitter-receiver is oriented at a required angle toward a moving body. The position of the moving body with respect to the reference reflecting mirror is measured based on a beam receiving signal of the laser beam obtained by the laser transmitter-receiver. The position measure compares a drive signal for driving the laser beam emitter with a beam receiving signal generated by the laser beam receiver to measure the position of the moving body based on the beam receiving signal when the drive signal and the beam receiving signal coincide with each other.
摘要:
An active-matrix-type image display device having a gray-scale power supply for generating gray-scale voltages of different levels, and a source driver that applies gray-scale voltages according to a digital picture signal to source lines and includes one scanning circuit for each source line. The outputs of the scanning circuits are sequentially made active once in a horizontal period. A latch circuit fetches the digital picture signal in synchronization with making the output of the scanning circuit active. The digital picture signal is decoded by a decoder circuit, and one of analog switches becomes a conducting state according to the decoded signal. As a result, one of the gray-scale voltages is output to the source line.