公开(公告)号：US11303356B1

公开(公告)日：2022-04-12

申请号：US16853229

申请日：2020-04-20

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Gary M. Graceffo

IPC: H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/112 ,  H04B10/54

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for maintaining transmitter-receiver alignment in a free space optical communications system without substantially moving the receiver element and with very little to no imparted momentum, while also allowing for higher tuning speeds and less system complexity than conventional solutions. The methods and apparatus allow for a large field of regard at the optical receiver, without the need for electromechanical gimbals to move the entire receiver unit and without the need for steering mirrors to move and align the incoming optical beam.

公开(公告)号：US11199754B2

公开(公告)日：2021-12-14

申请号：US16903129

申请日：2020-06-16

Applicant: Raytheon Company

Inventor： Andrew M. Kowalevicz ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Gary M. Graceffo

IPC: G02F2/00 ,  H04B10/556 ,  H04B10/67 ,  H04B10/11 ,  H04B10/516

Abstract: A demodulator can include an optical resonator. The optical resonator can include a resonant cavity that extends between a first surface that is partially reflective and a second surface that is at least partially reflective. The first surface can receive a phase-modulated optical signal that has a time-varying phase. The resonant cavity can accumulate resonant optical signal energy based at least in part on the phase-modulated optical signal. The first surface can direct a fraction of the resonant optical signal energy out of the optical resonator to form an intensity-modulated optical signal that has a time-varying intensity. A data detector can receive at least a portion of the intensity-modulated optical signal and, in response, generate an intensity-modulated electrical signal that has a time-varying intensity that corresponds to the time-varying phase of the phase-modulated optical signal.

公开(公告)号：US11133873B1

公开(公告)日：2021-09-28

申请号：US17082897

申请日：2020-10-28

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Gary M. Graceffo

IPC: H04B10/60 ,  H04B10/61

Abstract: An optical receiver includes an inlet aperture configured to receive an incident optical signal and a plurality of optical components configured to separate the incident optical signal into an amplitude modulated transmitted linearly s-polarized signal, an amplitude modulated transmitted linearly p-polarized signal, an amplitude modulated reflected linearly s-polarized signal, and an amplitude modulated reflected linearly p-polarized signal. The optical components further combine the amplitude modulated transmitted linearly s-polarized signal and amplitude modulated transmitted linearly p-polarized signal into an amplitude modulated transmitted linearly polarized combined signal, combine the amplitude modulated reflected linearly s-polarized signal and amplitude modulated reflected linearly p-polarized signal into an amplitude modulated reflected linearly polarized combined signal, and provide the amplitude modulated transmitted linearly polarized combined signal and the amplitude modulated reflected linearly polarized combined signal.

公开(公告)号：US11101896B2

公开(公告)日：2021-08-24

申请号：US16380269

申请日：2019-04-10

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Gary M. Graceffo ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin

IPC: H04B10/67

Abstract: Photo-resonator optical detectors and optical receiver systems incorporating same, In one example, an optically resonant detector includes a housing having an optical window, a photodetector disposed within the housing, and an optical resonator disposed in optical alignment with the photodetector within the housing and positioned between the optical window and the photodetector, the optical resonator being configured to receive an input optical signal via the optical window and to provide an output optical signal to the photodetector.

公开(公告)号：US11012160B2

公开(公告)日：2021-05-18

申请号：US16377927

申请日：2019-04-08

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Gary M. Graceffo ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin

IPC: H04B10/61

Abstract: Optical signal receivers and methods are provided that include multiple optical resonators, each of which receives a portion of an arriving optical signal. Various of the optical resonators are tuned or detuned from a carrier wavelength, and produce an intensity modulated output signal in response to modulation transitions in the arriving optical signal. A detector determines phase transitions in the arriving optical signal, by analyzing the intensity modulation output signals from the optical resonators, and distinguishes between differing phase transitions that result in a common final state of the arriving optical signal.

公开(公告)号：US20210099232A1

公开(公告)日：2021-04-01

申请号：US17035170

申请日：2020-09-28

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Gary M. Graceffo ,  Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin

IPC: H04B10/516

Abstract: An optical transmitter and a method of producing a low-photon-density modulated optical signal are disclosed. The optical transmitter and method include an optical source configured to emit a continuous optical carrier waveform, a dilation module configured to apply a spreading code to a data payload to spread each of the plurality of symbols in time to expand the symbol duration by a dilation factor and produce a corresponding plurality of time-dilated symbols, the plurality of time-dilated symbols having a lower photon density than the plurality of symbols; a mapping module configured to map the plurality of time-dilated symbols to a modulation scheme; and a modulator configured to modulate the optical carrier waveform with the plurality of time-dilated symbols according to the modulation scheme to produce the low-photon-density modulated optical signal encoded with the plurality of time-dilated symbols corresponding to the data payload.

公开(公告)号：US20200371328A1

公开(公告)日：2020-11-26

申请号：US16881962

申请日：2020-05-22

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Gary M. Graceffo ,  Paul Searcy ,  Rizwan Parvez

IPC: G02B17/00 ,  H04B10/66 ,  H04B10/114

Abstract: Method and apparatus to maintain a resonant condition of an optical cavity such that the optical path length through the optical cavity is independent or minimally dependent on the angle of incidence of a received optical signal are disclosed. A material within the optical cavity has an index of refraction that varies as a function of an angle of propagation of light within the material, thereby achieving the independence of the optical path length and the angle of incidence. The resonant condition is maintained over a range of angles of incidence of the received optical signal.

公开(公告)号：US10649051B2

公开(公告)日：2020-05-12

申请号：US15851620

申请日：2017-12-21

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Thomas Lavedas ,  Joseph J. Fraundorfer

IPC: G01R33/44 ,  G01R33/46 ,  G01N24/08

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a nucleus of interest in a chemical using a nuclear quadrupole resonance transition. An excitation pulse is used to excite one or more nuclei of interest, if they present in a sample, to an excited state, the energy of which depends on the magnetic field in the sample. The magnetic field in the sample is modulated, after the end of the excitation pulse, while the nuclei of interest decay from the excited state, so that the radiation they emit is frequency modulated. The frequency modulation is detected in the emitted radiation. In some embodiments a DC magnetic field is applied to the sample, during the application of the excitation pulse, to tune the frequency of the transition being excited.

公开(公告)号：US10340965B2

公开(公告)日：2019-07-02

申请号：US15964477

申请日：2018-04-27

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Thomas Lavedas ,  Joseph J. Fraundorfer

IPC: H04B1/04 ,  H04B1/14 ,  H03D7/14 ,  H04B1/10

Abstract: Examples of passive diode-based transmitter detuning circuits and low-voltage active diode-based and receiver detuning circuits are provided.

公开(公告)号：US10243673B2

公开(公告)日：2019-03-26

申请号：US15816670

申请日：2017-11-17

Applicant: RAYTHEON COMPANY

Inventor： Benjamin P. Dolgin ,  Andrew Kowalevicz ,  Gary M. Graceffo

IPC: G02B5/28 ,  G02F7/00 ,  H04B10/67

Abstract: Aspects are generally directed to optical signal receivers and methods. In one example, a receiver includes an optical resonator assembly configured to receive an optical signal at each of a plurality of optical resonators, each optical resonator configured to resonate optical signal energy at a corresponding frequency of the received optical signal, each optical resonator being tuned to a different corresponding frequency of the received optical signal, and each optical resonator being configured to output corresponding output optical signal energy. The receiver includes a detector assembly to detect the corresponding output optical signal energy from each optical resonator, and a signal processing circuit configured detect a frequency variation of the received optical signal based on the corresponding output optical signal energy from at least two of the plurality of optical resonators, and configured to generate a digital signal based on the frequency variation.