摘要:
An electrowetting module (20) comprises a fluid chamber (8) which contains a first fluid (A) and a second fluid (B), which are separated by an interface (14) , and means (16, 17) to exert a force on at least one of the fluids to change the position and/or shape of the interface. By providing the second fluid body with a dissolved or mixed compound, being insoluble in or immiscible with the first fluid body, and/or the first fluid body comprises a dissolved or mixed compound being insoluble in or immiscible with the second fluid body, in amounts sufficient for lowering the freezing point of the respective fluids to below −20° C., the performance of the module can be improved so that the module can be used at low temperatures.
摘要:
A zoom optical system is provided which has a lens system which comprises a first lens which is arranged to provide a continuously variable focus for a beam of radiation. The lens system further comprises a switchable optical element including a first fluid, a second fluid and a wavefront modifier having a part through which said radiation beam is arranged to pass. In a first mode the switchable optical element has a first fluid configuration with said part being substantially covered by the first fluid, and in a second mode the switchable optical element has a second, different, fluid configuration with said part being substantially covered by the second fluid.
摘要:
A variable mirror (100; 200; 300; 400; 500; 600; 740; 922) includes a fluid chamber (130; 230), an optical axis (90) extending through at least a portion of the fluid chamber, and a first polar and/or conductive fluid (110; 210) and a second fluid (120; 220) in contact over an interface (140, 140′; 240, 240′; 340, 340′; 440, 440′; 540, 540′) extending transverse the optical axis. The fluids are substantially immiscible. The interface comprises a reflective material. An interface adjuster (250; 250′; 250″) is arranged to alter the configuration of the interface via the electro wetting effect.
摘要:
An optical element (200; 300) for providing a variable refractive surface. The element comprises a chamber (215) defined by at least one side wall (270), with an optical axis (90) extending through the chamber (215). The chamber (215) contains a first fluid (220) and a second fluid (230) in contact over a meniscus (225) extending transverse the optical axis (90). The perimeter of the meniscus (225) is constrained by said side wall (270). The fluids (220, 230) are substantially immiscible and have different indices of refraction. A first electrowetting electrode (242; 243) is arranged to act on at least a portion of the meniscus perimeter constrained by said side wall (270). A second electrowetting electrode (280) extends through the meniscus (225).
摘要:
A optical scanning device (1) for scanning an information layer (2) with a radiation beam (25) in a writing mode and a reading mode comprises a radiation source (7) for emitting the beam and an objective lens (10) for converging the beam so as to form a scanning spot (19) in the information layer. The device also includes a scanning spot power switch (20) for switching the size of the cross-section of the beam between a first size at the writing mode and a second, larger size at the reading mode so as to switch the rim intensity of the beam between a first intensity level (Irim,writing) at the writing mode and a second, higher intensity level (Irim,reading) at the reading mode, thereby switching the light power of the scanning spot between a first power level (Pwriting) at the writing mode and a second, lower power level (Preading) at the reading mode.
摘要:
There is disclosed an objective lens (16),for use with optically readable disks of differing cover layer thicknesses, wich objective lens (16) comprises a variable lens (1) formed by the interface between two immiscible fluids (A, B), which variable lens (1) can be in one of at least two discrete states and whereby the focus point of the objective lens (16) varies between the two states of the variable lens (1).
摘要:
The invention concerns improvements to sunglasses. In particular, a pair of sunglasses is disclosed comprising at least one electro-wetting lenses (100A, 100B) incorporating first and second immiscible fluids of dissimilar light transmission properties, the first fluid being a better light transmitter than the second fluid, wherein variation in the strength of an electric field between first and second electrodes of each electro-wetting lens causes the shape of a boundary between the first and second fluids to alter from a first state in which the second fluid forms a layer across substantially an entire internal surface of the lens to a second state in which the second fluid is confined to peripheral regions of the lens.
摘要:
A optical scanning device (1) for scanning an information layer (2) with a radiation beam (25) in a writing mode and a reading mode comprises a radiation source (7) for emitting the beam and an objective lens (10) for converging the beam so as to form a scanning spot (19) in the information layer. The device also includes a scanning spot power switch (20) for switching the size of the cross-section of the beam between a first size at the writing mode and a second, larger size at the reading mode so as to switch the rim intensity of the beam between a first intensity level (Irim,writing) at the writing mode and a second, higher intensity level (Irim,reading) at the reading mode, thereby switching the light power of the scanning spot between a first power level (Pwriting) at the writing mode and a second, lower power level (Preading) at the reading mode.
摘要:
A method of the manufacture of an optical lens element. The method comprises providing a fixable liquid (A) separated from a different liquid (B) by a meniscus (12); varying a curvature of the separating meniscus (12) and fixing the shape of the fixable liquid when the curvature has a desired configuration.
摘要:
A switchable optical element having a first discrete state and a different, second discrete state. The element comprises a fluid system including a first fluid (44) and a different, second fluid (46), a wavefront modifier (26) having a face (28); and a fluid system switch for acting on the fluid system to switch between the first and second discrete states of the element. When the element is in the first discrete state, the face (28) of the wavefront modifier (26) is substantially covered by the first fluid (44). When the element is in the second discrete state, the face of the wavefront modifier is substantially covered by the second fluid (46). The fluid system switch comprises a configuration of electrodes arranged to act on the fluid system by the application of electrowetting forces and a voltage control system arranged to control voltages applied to the configuration of electrodes to switch between the first and second discrete states of the element.