公开(公告)号：US06825837B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-30

申请号：US09642091

申请日：2000-08-21

申请人： Yukio Sakagawa ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Daisuke Kotake

发明人： Yukio Sakagawa ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Daisuke Kotake

IPC分类号： G06T1500

CPC分类号： G06T15/205 ,  G06T19/003

摘要： In a space rendering method for rendering a virtual space, ray space data of virtual objects in the virtual space are stored in an external database (29). When space data of a virtual object located within a predetermined range from the indicated position is not present in an internal memory (27), the space data is downloaded from the database (29) to the internal memory (27), and the virtual space is rendered on the basis of the downloaded space data.

摘要翻译： 在用于渲染虚拟空间的空间渲染方法中，虚拟空间中的虚拟对象的射线空间数据被存储在外部数据库（29）中。 当位于指示位置的预定范围内的虚拟对象的空间数据不存在于内部存储器（27）中时，空间数据从数据库（29）下载到内部存储器（27），虚拟空间 根据下载的空间数据进行渲染。

公开(公告)号：US06810152B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US09812676

申请日：2001-03-21

申请人： Takaaki Endo ,  Akihiro Katayama

发明人： Takaaki Endo ,  Akihiro Katayama

IPC分类号： G06K936

CPC分类号： G06T1/00

摘要： Video cameras capture surrounding images, and time code generated by a time code generator is attached to the images. Likewise, when the respective images are captured, the position and inclination of the car are measured by a GPS, a three-axis angle sensor, and a geomagnetic angle sensor, and attached to the respective images. A panoramic image can be produced by connecting together images having the same time code. Performing the aforementioned signal processing for a plurality of routes provides a series of panoramic images. When presenting a panoramic image to a viewer, a panoramic image that is captured at a point closest to a viewpoint of the viewer is identified so that images can be presented to the viewer according to a view direction of the viewer.

摘要翻译： 视频摄像机捕获周围的图像，并且由时间码发生器产生的时间码附加到图像。 同样，当捕获各个图像时，通过GPS，三轴角度传感器和地磁角度传感器来测量轿厢的位置和倾斜度，并附着到各个图像。 可以通过将具有相同时间码的图像连接在一起来生成全景图像。 对多个路线执行上述信号处理提供一系列全景图像。 当向观看者呈现全景图像时，识别在最接近观看者的视点的点捕获的全景图像，使得可以根据观看者的视图方向将图像呈现给观看者。

公开(公告)号：US06774898B1

公开(公告)日：2004-08-10

申请号：US09653271

申请日：2000-08-31

申请人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Yukio Sakagawa ,  Daisuke Kotake

发明人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Yukio Sakagawa ,  Daisuke Kotake

IPC分类号： G06T1700

CPC分类号： G06T15/00

摘要： There is disclosed a progressive display method upon rendering and displaying a virtual object expressed by RS data. When RS data is generated and recorded on the basis of real image data, map data that represents correspondence between a real image space and ray space is divided into a plurality of layers, and the resolutions of the individual layers are hierarchically changed, thus storing hierarchical map data. Upon rendering a virtual image from an arbitrary viewpoint position, rendering is done by looking up the hierarchical map data in turn in ascending order of resolution. Also, there are disclosed a downloading method of selectively downloading RS data and VRML data, and a rendering method of downloaded data. RS data with high resolution is stored in an external memory, and VRML data having a required memory size is stored in an internal memory. In principle, a virtual image is generated by rendering RS data to allow the user to experience the virtual space. When downloading of RS data is not in time, an image rendered based on VRML data is displayed.

摘要翻译： 公开了在呈现和显示由RS数据表示的虚拟对象时的逐行显示方法。 当基于真实图像数据生成和记录RS数据时，将表示真实图像空间和射线空间之间的对应关系的地图数据分成多个层，并且各层的分辨率被分层地改变，从而存储分层 地图数据。 在从任意视点位置呈现虚拟图像时，通过依次以分辨率的升序查找分层地图数据来进行渲染。 此外，公开了一种选择性地下载RS数据和VRML数据的下载方法，以及下载数据的呈现方法。 具有高分辨率的RS数据被存储在外部存储器中，并且具有所需存储器大小的VRML数据被存储在内部存储器中。 原则上，通过渲染RS数据来生成虚拟图像，以允许用户体验虚拟空间。 当RS数据的下载不及时时，显示基于VRML数据的图像。

公开(公告)号：US06732042B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-04

申请号：US10445886

申请日：2003-05-28

申请人： Akihiro Katayama

发明人： Akihiro Katayama

IPC分类号： G06F1900

CPC分类号： G01M15/11

摘要： An ECU defines consecutively ignited three cylinders as first, second and third subject cylinders. The ECU first adds up the rotation fluctuation amount at the second subject cylinder and the rotation fluctuation amount at the third subject cylinder and sets the resultant as an added-up fluctuation amount. The ECU then determines whether the type of an occurring misfire is a single-cylinder misfire based on the added-up fluctuation amount. When the type of the occurring misfire is not a single-cylinder misfire, the ECU obtains the difference between the rotation fluctuation amount at the second subject cylinder and the rotation fluctuation amount at the third subject cylinder as a fluctuation amount deviation. Then, the ECU determines whether the type of the occurring misfire is a consecutive-two-cylinder misfire or an intermittent-two-cylinder misfire based on the fluctuation amount deviation. As a result, for any kind of a rotation fluctuation pattern caused by a misfire, the type of a misfire is accurately determined.

摘要翻译： ECU将连续点燃的三个气缸定义为第一，第二和第三主体气缸。 ECU首先将第二被摄体筒的旋转变动量和第三被摄体气缸的旋转变动量相加，将其作为相加的变动量进行设定。 然后，ECU基于加起来的波动量确定发生的失火的类型是否是单缸失火。 当发生的失火的类型不是单缸失火时，ECU获得第二被摄体筒的旋转变动量与第三被摄体筒的旋转变动量之差作为变动量偏差。 然后，ECU基于变动量偏差来判断发生的失火的类型是连续的二缸失火还是间歇二缸失火。 结果，对于由失火引起的任何种类的旋转波动模式，准确地确定失火的类型。

公开(公告)号：US06502389B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

申请号：US10025452

申请日：2001-12-26

申请人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Toshinari Nagai ,  Akira Kamoto ,  Naoto Kato ,  Shinji Kojima ,  Naoki Baba

发明人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Toshinari Nagai ,  Akira Kamoto ,  Naoto Kato ,  Shinji Kojima ,  Naoki Baba

IPC分类号： F01N300

CPC分类号： F02D41/1474 ,  F01N13/009 ,  F01N13/011 ,  F02D41/0295 ,  F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1456 ,  F02D2200/0802 ,  F02D2200/0814

摘要： An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine estimates an oxygen storage amount of a catalyst based on a record of an oxygen storage amount, and controls an air-fuel ratio based on the estimated oxygen storage amount. The catalyst is divided into multiple sections in a flow direction of an exhaust gas, the oxygen storage amount in a specified section is estimated according to a behavior of an exhaust gas on upstream and downstream sides of the respective specified sections, and the air-fuel ratio is controlled based on the estimated oxygen storage amount in the specified section.

摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的空燃比控制系统基于氧气存储量的记录来估计催化剂的储氧量，并且基于估计的氧气存储量来控制空燃比。 催化剂在废气的流动方向上分为多个部分，根据在各个特定部分的上游和下游侧的废气的行为来估计特定部分中的储氧量，并且空气燃料 基于规定部分中的估计氧气存储量来控制比率。

公开(公告)号：US6151028A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US38685

申请日：1998-03-09

申请人： Atsushi Kumagai ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Shinji Uchiyama

发明人： Atsushi Kumagai ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Shinji Uchiyama

IPC分类号： G06T19/00 ,  G06T15/10

CPC分类号： G06T15/00

摘要： In order to enable plural users to share a virtual environment which includes not only simple shape data, but also data of an object having a highly complicated shape, a terminal equipment displays the virtual environment. The virtual environment is obtained when viewed by a user of the terminal equipment on the basis of tree-structure data composing the shape data, light space data and the like as components. The tree-structure data is changed when the shape data or the light space data is subjected to a process such as movement or the like. The changed information of the tree-structure data is transmitted to a server, and the server changes data in a data memory device based on the received changed information. The changed information is transmitted to another terminal equipment which displays the virtual environment obtained when viewed by the user of the another terminal equipment on the basis of the received changed information.

摘要翻译： 为了使多个用户能够共享不仅包括简单形状数据的虚拟环境，还包括具有高度复杂形状的对象的数据，终端设备显示虚拟环境。 基于构成形状数据，光空间数据等的树结构数据作为组件，由终端设备的用户观看虚拟环境。 当形状数据或光空间数据经受诸如运动等的处理时，树结构数据被改变。 树结构数据的改变的信息被发送到服务器，并且服务器基于接收的改变的信息来改变数据存储装置中的数据。 变更的信息被发送到另一个终端设备，该终端设备基于接收到的改变的信息显示由另一个终端设备的用户观看时获得的虚拟环境。

公开(公告)号：US5878161A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

申请号：US442560

申请日：1995-05-16

申请人： Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Junichi Yamakawa

发明人： Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Junichi Yamakawa

IPC分类号： G09G5/24 ,  G06T3/00 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T5/30 ,  G06T9/20 ,  G06T11/20 ,  G09G5/36 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06T9/20

摘要： In an image processing method, contours of an image are represented in the form of vector coordinates, and calculation processing is performed based on the vector coordinate representation. In the method, noise present within the original image from which the vector coordinates are extracted is removed in the form of vector data.

摘要翻译： 在图像处理方法中，图像的轮廓以矢量坐标的形式表示，并且基于矢量坐标表示执行计算处理。 在该方法中，以向量数据的形式除去存在于提取矢量坐标的原始图像内的噪声。

公开(公告)号：US5757961A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US475451

申请日：1995-06-07

申请人： Junichi Yamakawa ,  Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama

发明人： Junichi Yamakawa ,  Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama

IPC分类号： G06T5/00 ,  G06K9/48

CPC分类号： G06T7/0083 ,  G06T3/403 ,  G06T2207/10008

摘要： Contour vectors are detected by an outline detecting unit based upon a pixel of interest and pixels adjacent thereto read in a raster scanning sequence. A vector-data creating unit receives the contour vector and input data, calculates the difference between starting-point coordinates of continuous vectors, fits the value of the difference in a data packet whose number of digits conforms to the value of the difference and stores the data packet. The data packet is additionally provided with a code representing the length of the packet. An outline smoothing/zooming unit returns the stored difference value to ordinary coordinate expression and performs smoothing or zooming processing. A binary-image reproducing unit converts the contour vector into raster representation, and the resulting data is outputted. The acquisition unit and the extraction unit or creating unit eliminate unnecessary vectors and perform smoothing by an outline (vector sensing/elimination) smoothing and zooming unit. By virtue of this arrangement, the amount of contour-line data is reduced to reduce the memory capacity needed. Further, in a case where contour points of a binary image are delivered to immediately following processing, it is possible to greatly reduce the load of subsequent processing.

摘要翻译： 轮廓矢量由轮廓检测单元基于感兴趣的像素和与其相邻的像素以光栅扫描序列读取。 向量数据生成单元接收轮廓矢量和输入数据，计算连续矢量的起点坐标之间的差异，将数据分组的差数值适合于数字数据符合差分值的数据分组，并存储 数据包。 数据分组另外提供代表分组长度的代码。 轮廓平滑/缩放单元将存储的差分值返回到普通坐标表达式并执行平滑或缩放处理。 二进制图像再现单元将轮廓矢量转换为光栅表示，并输出结果数据。 采集单元和提取单元或创建单元消除不必要的矢量并通过轮廓（矢量感测/消除）平滑和变焦单元执行平滑。 通过这种布置，轮廓线数据的量被减少以减少所需的存储器容量。 此外，在二进制图像的轮廓点被输送到紧接着的处理的情况下，可以大大降低后续处理的负担。

公开(公告)号：US5579405A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

申请号：US561154

申请日：1995-11-21

申请人： Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Junichi Yamakawa

发明人： Yoshihiro Ishida ,  Akihiro Katayama ,  Junichi Yamakawa

IPC分类号： H04N1/393 ,  G06T3/00 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T5/00 ,  G06T7/60 ,  G06K9/48

CPC分类号： G06T3/403 ,  G06T7/0083

摘要： A method and an apparatus for forming an image by contour vector processing includes scanning a pixel along an edge of the image formed by pixels having a first pixel state and pixels having a second pixel state, discriminating one pixel state of the scanned pixel, and determining the pixel states of pixels bordering the discriminated pixel in the case the discriminated pixel has a first pixel state. Contour vectors are extracted between the discriminated pixel having the first pixel state and pixels having a second pixel state bordering the discriminated pixel which are closer to the discriminated pixel than to the bordering pixels, and outputting the extracted contour vectors to form the image.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过轮廓矢量处理形成图像的方法和装置包括沿着由具有第一像素状态的像素形成的图像的边缘扫描像素，以及识别扫描像素的一个像素状态，以及确定 在鉴别像素具有第一像素状态的情况下，与识别像素相邻的像素的像素状态。 在具有第一像素状态的识别像素和具有与识别像素接近的识别像素的第二像素状态的像素相比边界像素提取轮廓矢量，并且输出提取的轮廓矢量以形成图像。

公开(公告)号：US5448654A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-05

申请号：US206212

申请日：1994-03-03

申请人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Mitsuru Maeda ,  Yasuji Hirabayashi ,  Tadashi Yoshida

发明人： Akihiro Katayama ,  Mitsuru Maeda ,  Yasuji Hirabayashi ,  Tadashi Yoshida

IPC分类号： H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/409 ,  H04N1/41 ,  H04N1/417 ,  G06K9/42

CPC分类号： H04N1/4172 ,  H04N1/40062 ,  H04N1/40068 ,  H04N1/409 ,  H04N1/4105

摘要： An image reduction apparatus includes a smoothing unit for smoothing binary image data, a binarization unit for binarizing an output from the smoothing unit, a detection unit for detecting an attribute of the binary image data smoothed by the smoothing unit, a plurality of correction units corresponding to a plurality of attributes, and a selector for selecting one of the correction units in accordance with the attribute detected by the detection unit. An output from the binarization unit is corrected by the correction unit selected by the selector.

摘要翻译： 图像缩小装置包括用于平滑二进制图像数据的平滑单元，用于对来自平滑单元的输出进行二值化的二值化单元，用于检测由平滑单元平滑化的二值图像数据的属性的检测单元，对应于多个校正单元 多个属性，以及选择器，用于根据由检测单元检测的属性来选择一个校正单元。 来自二值化单元的输出由选择器选择的校正单元校正。