公开(公告)号：US5023712A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-11

申请号：US489139

申请日：1990-03-06

申请人： Yasuya Kajiwara

发明人： Yasuya Kajiwara

IPC分类号： G01S11/12 ,  G01S17/46

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01S11/12

摘要： A tracking distance-measuring equipment for measuring the distance from a moving target on the principle of triangulation by electrically detecting the respective dislocations of first and second images focused on the image sensors of paired first and second optical systems disposed side by side from the optical axis through the comparison of image signals provided by the image sensors respectively representing the first and second images. A window is set in a specific portion of either the first or second image signal, image signals provided by the image sensors are sampled periodically at predetermined intervals. The sample image signals provided by one of the image sensors are compared with the window set in an image equivalent to the sample image signal provided by the other image sensor at a sampling point. The tracking distance-measuring equipment is capable of continuously measuring the distance from the moving target and determining the direction and distance of movement of the target.

摘要翻译： 一种跟踪距离测量设备，用于通过电检测聚焦在与光轴并排布置的成对的第一和第二光学系统的成像传感器的第一和第二图像的各自位错来测量与运动目标的距离的三角测量原理 通过分别表示第一和第二图像的图像传感器提供的图像信号的比较。 将窗口设置在第一或第二图像信号的特定部分中，由图像传感器提供的图像信号以预定间隔周期性地进行采样。 由图像传感器之一提供的样本图像信号与在采样点处由另一图像传感器提供的样本图像信号相当的图像中设置的窗口进行比较。 跟踪距离测量设备能够连续地测量与移动目标的距离并确定目标的移动方向和距离。

公开(公告)号：US4993830A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US453402

申请日：1989-12-18

申请人： Harold M. Jarrett, Jr.

发明人： Harold M. Jarrett, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01B11/02 ,  G01S17/46

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01B11/026

摘要： Apparatus for determining the relative distance or depth to an object. A light source projects light at an object whose distance is to be determined. A lenticular prismatic screen responds to light reflected from the object and generates two distinct images thereof. Imaging optics focuses the two images generated by the lenticular prismatic screen onto a sensor which detects and digitizes the images. A computer is coupled to the sensor that determines the separation between the two images, which separation is indicative of the distance to or depth of the object. The computer may also compute the centroid of each of the images to more accurately determine the separation between them, and hence the distance to the object. The lenticular screen may use prismatic surfaces that are essentially equilateral triangles, or constant angle prisms across the material. Alternatively, the screen may comprise a cylindrical Fresnel lens whose prism angle continually varies as a function of the off axis distance from the center of the screen. Furthermore, a screen having different vertex angles may be formed to create custom measurement results.

摘要翻译： 用于确定对象的相对距离或深度的装置。 光源将物体的光线投射到要确定距离的物体上。 透镜棱镜屏幕响应于从物体反射的光并产生其两个截然不同的图像。 成像光学器件将由柱状棱镜屏幕产生的两幅图像聚焦到检测图像数字化的传感器上。 计算机耦合到传感器，其确定两个图像之间的间隔，该分离表示物体的距离或深度。 计算机还可以计算每个图像的质心，以更准确地确定它们之间的距离，并因此确定与物体的距离。 透镜屏幕可以使用基本上等边三角形的棱镜表面，或跨过材料的恒定角度的棱镜。 或者，屏幕可以包括圆柱形菲涅尔透镜，其棱镜角度作为离屏幕中心的离轴距离的函数而不断变化。 此外，可以形成具有不同顶角的屏幕以产生定制的测量结果。

公开(公告)号：US4983033A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-08

申请号：US52341

申请日：1987-05-21

申请人： Koji Suzuki

发明人： Koji Suzuki

IPC分类号： G01C3/00 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01C3/10 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G02B7/32

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01C3/10 ,  G02B7/32

摘要： An automatic range finder for a camera for setting the focus position of the camera to correspond to the closest object to the camera within a specified field of view. Infrared light sources are sequentially activated to project infrared beams, through a light projecting lens, within the specified field of view. A condenser lens, positioned a predetermined base length apart from the optical axes of the light sources and having an optical axis parallel to that of the light projecting lens, focuses the returned beams onto a light detecting element having a light receiving surface arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the condenser lens. The light detecting element produces a signal indicative of the positions of the sequential light spots received thereon. A signal processing circuit determines which value of the output signal of the light detecting element corresponds to the closest object, and sets the focus position of the camera accordingly.

摘要翻译： 用于相机的自动测距仪，用于将相机的焦点位置设置为与指定视野内的最接近摄像机的对象相对应。 红外光源依次被激活，以在指定的视野内通过光投射透镜投射红外光束。 聚光透镜，与光源的光轴隔开预定的基准长度并具有与光投射透镜的光轴平行的光轴，将返回的光束聚焦到光检测元件上，光检测元件具有垂直于光源的光接收表面 聚光透镜的光轴。 光检测元件产生指示其上接收的顺序光点的位置的信号。 信号处理电路确定光检测元件的输出信号的哪个值对应于最近的物体，并相应地设定相机的焦点位置。

公开(公告)号：US4959678A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-25

申请号：US444070

申请日：1989-11-30

申请人： Tadashi Nakagawa

发明人： Tadashi Nakagawa

IPC分类号： G03B13/36 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/50 ,  G02B7/28

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01S17/50

摘要： An automatic focusing camera includes a shutter; a range finding circuit for measuring the distances to a plurality of objects and for providing time base electrical signals corresponding thereto, the circuit including n parallel luminous elements which transmit light to the objects; a range and element position data arithmetic circuit for producing range data to the objects and element position data of active ones of the n elements, in response to the time base electrical signals; an object speed arithmetic circuit for producing time base speed signals corresponding to the object speeds, in response to the range data and the element position data; a shutter control circuit for controlling operation of the shutter in accordance with the object speeds at such time; object speed processors for supplying output signals corresponding to optimum exposure times and stop values of respective objects in response to the time base speed signals and luminances of the objects; and object speed rank order decision circuit for comparing the output signals from the object speed processors and for determining the order of ranking of the object speeds relative to each other and an object speed data organizing circuit for controlling the shutter control circuit in response to the object speed rank order decision circuit so as to control the shutter control circuit means in accordance with the highest speed object.

摘要翻译： 自动聚焦照相机包括一个快门; 用于测量与多个物体的距离并用于提供与其相对应的时基电信号的测距电路，该电路包括向对象透射光的n个平行发光元件; 范围和元素位置数据运算电路，用于响应于时基电信号，向n个元素中的有效元素的对象和元素位置数据生成范围数据; 对象速度运算电路，用于响应于所述范围数据和所述元素位置数据，产生对应于所述物体速度的时基速度信号; 快门控制电路，用于根据这时的目标速度控制快门的操作; 对象速度处理器，用于响应于对象的时基速度信号和亮度，提供对应于最佳曝光时间的输出信号和停止各个物体的值; 以及对象速度等级判定电路，用于比较来自对象速度处理器的输出信号和用于确定对象速度相对于彼此的排序顺序;以及对象速度数据组织电路，用于响应于对象控制快门控制电路 速度等级判定电路，以便根据最高速对象来控制快门控制电路装置。

公开(公告)号：US4899041A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-06

申请号：US239732

申请日：1988-09-02

申请人： Gunter Fetzer ,  Thomas Meinert

发明人： Gunter Fetzer ,  Thomas Meinert

IPC分类号： G01C3/06 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01S7/481 ,  G01S17/02 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G02B7/32

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01S17/026 ,  G01S7/4811

摘要： The light sensor has a light transmitter (10, 12) which radiates the light along an axis (x.sub.0) of a transmitter system and two light receiving systems (12, 14) which pick up the light scattered back from an object (G) to be detected along a receiving system axis (x.sub.1, x.sub.2). A light sensitive element (16) has three detection zones (El.sub.T, E.sub.H, E2.sub.T) arranged in a row of which the outer zones (E1.sub.T and E2.sub.T) each receive light via one of the receiving systems (12, 14) from a sensing zone (T) and of which the central detection zone (E.sub.H) accepts light via both light receiving systems from the background region (H) of the field of view of the light sensor. An output signal which is used for object recognition is obtained by additive superposition of the signals of the detection zones (E1.sub.T, E2.sub.T) associated with the scanning region (T) and by difference formation with the signal from the detection zone (E.sub.H) associated with the background region (H). The sensing distance (TW) is adjusted by adjusting a roof edge mirror (18) arranged in front of the light sensitive element (16).

摘要翻译： 光传感器具有沿着发射器系统的轴线（x0）辐射光的光发射器（10,12）和将从物体（G）散射回来的光拾取到对象（G）的两个光接收系统（12,14） 沿着接收系统轴（x1，x2）检测。 光敏元件（16）具有排列成一行的三个检测区域（E1T，EH，E2T），其中外区域（E1T和E2T）各自经由接收系统（12,14）中的一个从感测区域 （T），其中央检测区（EH）经由来自光传感器的视场的背景区域（H）的两个光接收系统接收光。 用于对象识别的输出信号通过与扫描区域（T）相关联的检测区域（E1T，E2T）的信号的加法叠加和与来自与扫描区域（T）相关联的检测区域（EH）的信号的差分形成 背景区域（H）。 感测距离（TW）通过调节布置在光敏元件（16）前方的屋顶边缘镜（18）来调节。

公开(公告)号：US4872747A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-10

申请号：US38846

申请日：1987-04-15

申请人： Jeffrey A. Jalkio ,  Steven K. Case

发明人： Jeffrey A. Jalkio ,  Steven K. Case

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G02B13/10 ,  G02B27/09

CPC分类号： G02B27/0972 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01S17/48 ,  G02B13/10 ,  G02B27/09 ,  G02B27/0911

摘要： An optical system designed to obtain anamorphic magnification without increasing overall system package size and without diminishing post-magnification light levels. Specifically, an output light beam passes a collimating lens and enters a prism at a near normal incidence to produce slight angular minification. The prism is aligned so that the light exits the prism at a steep angle thereby providing large angular magnification. The beam may then be focused. Additional prisms, appropriate angles between prism faces or prism orientation may be used to obtain various magnification or deflection angles depending on the desired application of the prismatic anamorphic optical system.

摘要翻译： 一种设计用于获得变形放大率而不增加整个系统封装尺寸并且不减小后放大倍数的光级的光学系统。 具体地，输出光束通过准直透镜，并以近似的垂直入射方式进入棱镜，产生微小的角度缩小。 棱镜对准，使得光以陡峭的角度离开棱镜，从而提供大的角放大率。 然后可以将光束聚焦。 可以使用附加棱镜，棱镜面之间的适当角度或棱镜取向可以根据棱镜变形光学系统的期望应用来获得各种放大或偏转角度。

公开(公告)号：US4864395A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-05

申请号：US229460

申请日：1988-08-08

申请人： Johji Tajima

发明人： Johji Tajima

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01S17/46 ,  H04N7/18

CPC分类号： G01S17/48

摘要： In a distance information obtaining device comprising an image pickup device (10) for picking up an optical image of an object to produce a picture signal, and a signal processing unit (18) for processing the picture signal to produce a processed signal representative of distance information between the image pickup device and each point of the object, the signal processing unit produces a reference signal by using a reference picture signal derived from the image pickup device on a preliminary process. Responsive to the reference signal, a preliminary processing unit (26) preliminarily processes the reference signal to produce a preliminary processed signal as a calibration signal. In a measuring process, the signal processing unit processes the picture signal with reference to the preliminary processed signal. Preferably, the reference picture signal should be given in the form of first and second reference picture signals derived from first and second reference optical images of first and second reference plates (16) and (16') located at first and second distances (Z.sub.a) and (Z.sub.b) from the image pickup device.

公开(公告)号：US4774403A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-27

申请号：US32399

申请日：1987-03-30

申请人： Michael T. Arts

发明人： Michael T. Arts

IPC分类号： G01B11/02 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01J1/32

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01B11/026

摘要： A position measuring device using a triangulation scheme for position sensing. A laser diode projects a spot upon a target surface. The image of the spot is focused on a Charge Coupled Device linear image sensor. The image of the sensor is indicative of the distance from the device to the target surface.

摘要翻译： 一种使用三角测量方案进行位置检测的位置测量装置。 激光二极管将一个点投射到目标表面上。 斑点的图像集中在电荷耦合器件线性图像传感器上。 传感器的图像表示从设备到目标表面的距离。

公开(公告)号：US4761072A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-02

申请号：US110589

申请日：1987-10-19

申请人： Timothy R. Pryor

发明人： Timothy R. Pryor

IPC分类号： G01C3/10 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01C3/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/10

摘要： Novel method and apparatus are disclosed which assist in utilization of ranging type non-contact sensors with coordinate measurement machines (CMM's ) and other machines. Various visual and/or audible indicators are provided to assist the operator in using the machine.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种新颖的方法和装置，其有助于使用具有坐标测量机（CMM）和其他机器的测距型非接触式传感器。 提供各种视觉和/或听觉指示器以帮助操作者使用机器。

公开(公告)号：US4682872A

公开(公告)日：1987-07-28

申请号：US669088

申请日：1984-11-07

申请人： Ryoichi Suzuki ,  Hideo Taka ,  Shuichi Tamura

发明人： Ryoichi Suzuki ,  Hideo Taka ,  Shuichi Tamura

IPC分类号： G01C3/06 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/02 ,  G01C3/00 ,  G01S7/491 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G02B7/32 ,  G03B3/00 ,  G01C3/10

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01B11/026 ,  G01S7/4913

摘要： A signal processing apparatus for a semiconductor position sensing device has an impedance element connected to one output terminal thereof. When a distance to an object is to be detected, an impedance of the impedance element is varied until the outputs of the sensing device substantially balance. The distance to the object is determined by the impedance of the impedance element when the outputs balance.

摘要翻译： 用于半导体位置检测装置的信号处理装置具有连接到其一个输出端的阻抗元件。 当要检测到物体的距离时，阻抗元件的阻抗变化，直到感测装置的输出基本上平衡。 与物体的距离由输出平衡时阻抗元件的阻抗决定。