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11.发明授权Low current drain amplifier incorporating means for minimizing sensitivity drift 失效低电流漏极放大器，包含最小化灵敏度漂移的方法
公开(公告)号：US4023046A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-10
申请号：US608529
申请日：1975-08-28
申请人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
发明人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
IPC分类号： A61N1/37 , G01R19/165 , H03K5/02 , H03K5/20
CPC分类号： H03K5/02 , A61N1/3704 , G01R19/1658
摘要： An amplifier circuit for detecting low level signals of positive or negative amplitude, and for producing an output pulse whenever the input signals exceed a predetermined threshold level. The threshold level, or sensitivity of the amplifier circuit, is established through use of a pair of operational transconductance amplifiers employed as comparators, the reference voltage for each comparator being set through a resistive circuit driven by one or more current sources. The design provides for compensation of amplifier offsets with minimal adjustment requirements, and permits operation with very low current drain.
摘要翻译： 一种放大器电路，用于检测正或负幅度的低电平信号，并且每当输入信号超过预定阈值电平时产生输出脉冲。 通过使用用作比较器的一对工作跨导放大器来建立放大器电路的阈值电平或灵敏度，每个比较器的参考电压通过由一个或多个电流源驱动的电阻电路设置。 该设计提供了对最小调整要求的放大器补偿的补偿，并允许以非常低的电流消耗运行。
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公开(公告)号：US06558345B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09551216
申请日：2000-04-17
IPC分类号： A61M3100
CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 , A61B5/425 , A61B5/7207 , A61N1/36007
摘要： There is provided an implantable system and method for monitoring pancreatic beta cell electrical activity in a patient in order to obtain a measure of a patient's insulin demand and blood glucose level. A stimulus generator is controlled to deliver stimulus pulses so as to synchronize pancreatic beta cell depolarization, thereby producing an enhanced electrical signal which is sensed and processed. In a specific embodiment, the signal is processed to determine the start and end of beta cell depolarization, from which the depolarization duration is obtained. In order to reduce cardiac interference, each stimulus pulse is timed to be offset from the QRS signal which can interfere with the pancreas sensing. Additionally, the beta cell signals are processed by a correction circuit, e.g., an adaptive filter, to remove QRS artifacts, as well as artifacts from other sources, such as respiration. The thus obtained insulin demand signal is used either to control delivery of insulin from an implanted insulin pump, or to control ongoing pancreatic stimulation of a form to enhance insulin production.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于监测患者胰腺β细胞电活动的可植入系统和方法，以便获得患者的胰岛素需求量和血糖水平的量度。 控制刺激发生器以递送刺激脉冲，以使胰腺β细胞去极化同步，从而产生被感测和处理的增强的电信号。 在具体实施方案中，处理信号以确定β细胞去极化的开始和结束，从中获得去极化持续时间。 为了减少心脏干扰，每个刺激脉冲被定时偏离可能干扰胰腺感测的QRS信号。 此外，β细胞信号由校正电路（例如，自适应滤波器）处理，以去除QRS伪影，以及来自其他来源（例如呼吸）的伪影。 由此获得的胰岛素需求信号用于控制从植入的胰岛素泵输送胰岛素，或用于控制正在进行的胰腺刺激形式以增强胰岛素产生。
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公开(公告)号：US4120306A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-17
申请号：US874611
申请日：1978-02-02
申请人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
发明人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
CPC分类号： A61N1/378 , H02M3/155 , H02M2001/008
摘要： A cardiac pacer for providing stimulus signals for pacing a human heart, adapted to utilize a lithium-type battery source having an internal resistance which increases with the energy depletion of such source, and having an interface circuit adapted to transfer power from the lithium-type battery source to the circuitry for providing stimulus signals, which interface circuit provides transfer characteristics which are a programmed function of said lithium source internal resistance.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提供用于起搏人心脏的刺激信号的心脏起搏器，其适于利用具有随所述源的能量消耗而增加的内部电阻的锂型电池源，并且具有适于从锂型电力传递功率的接口电路 电池源提供给用于提供刺激信号的电路，该接口电路提供作为所述锂源内阻的编程功能的传输特性。
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14.发明授权Long life cardiac pacer with switching power delivery means and method of alternately delivering power to respective circuit portions of a stimulus delivery system 失效具有切换功率输送的长寿命心脏起搏器是将动力交替地输送到刺激递送系统的各个电路部分的方法和方法
公开(公告)号：US4031899A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-28
申请号：US651549
申请日：1976-01-22
申请人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
发明人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
CPC分类号： A61N1/362 , A61N1/378 , H02M2001/008
摘要： A pacer having a DC to DC converter for use with a relatively low voltage power source, and for providing a raised voltage supply to a load characterized by having a first circuit portion which is voltage sensitive and draws a low current, and a second circuit portion which draws a high current and is relatively insensitive to supply deviations, comprising a switching circuit alternately connecting said respective circuit portions through respective converters to the supply so that the voltage sensitive circuit is not affected by the loading of the high current circuit. A method is provided for alternately delivering power from a battery source to respective circuit portions of a stimulus delivery system.
摘要翻译： 一种具有用于与较低电压电源一起使用的DC-DC转换器的起动器，并且用于向负载提供升高的电压电源，其特征在于具有第一电路部分，该第一电路部分具有电压敏感性并吸收低电流;以及第二电路部分 其吸收高电流并且对电源偏差相对不敏感，包括开关电路，通过相应的转换器将所述各个电路部分交替地连接到电源，使得电压敏感电路不受大电流电路的负载的影响。 提供了一种用于从电池源交替地将功率传递到刺激递送系统的各个电路部分的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US6135978A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US273463
申请日：1999-03-22
CPC分类号： A61B5/14532 , A61B5/425 , A61B5/7207 , A61N1/36007
摘要： There is provided an implantable system and method for monitoring pancreatic beta cell electrical activity in a patient in order to obtain a measure of a patient's insulin demand and blood glucose level. A stimulus generator is controlled to deliver stimulus pulses so as to synchronize pancreatic beta cell depolarization, thereby producing an enhanced electrical signal which is sensed and processed. In a specific embodiment, the signal is processed to determine the start and end of beta cell depolarization, from which the depolarization duration is obtained. In order to reduce cardiac interference, each stimulus pulse is timed to be offset from the QRS signal which can interfere with the pancreas sensing. Additionally, the beta cell signals are processed by a correction circuit, e.g., an adaptive filter, to remove QRS artifacts, as well as artifacts from other sources, such as respiration. The thus obtained insulin demand signal is used either to control delivery of insulin from an implanted insulin pump, or to control ongoing pancreatic stimulation of a form to enhance insulin production.
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16.发明授权System and method for enhancement of glucose production by stimulation of pancreatic beta cells 失效通过胰腺β细胞刺激增强葡萄糖产生的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5919216A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-06
申请号：US876610
申请日：1997-06-16
CPC分类号： A61B5/425 , A61B5/14532 , A61M5/1723 , A61N1/36007 , A61M5/14276
摘要： There is provided a system for automatically responding to insulin demand without any need for external monitoring or injecting of insulin into the diabetic patient. The system provides for sensing glucose levels internally, and responding by stimulating either the pancreas or a transplant of pancreatic islets in order to enhance insulin production. The enhancing stimulation is delivered at a rate greater than the burst rate, or is otherwise controlled so that the depolarization burst constitutes a greater portion of each islet electrical cycle, thereby resulting in increased insulin production. The system also provides for continuous glucose monitoring, and reacts to sensed hypoglycemia by delivering stimulus pulses timed to reduce the burst durations, and thus to inhibit insulin production. In another embodiment, the system responds to a good intake signal, either externally or internally generated, by going through a time response algorithm to provide a stimulation-enhanced insulin response which simulates the natural response. In yet another embodiment, the functionality of an islet transplant is continually monitored, and performance data is logged and down loaded on command to an external programmer. The stimulation of patient pancreatic cells may be combined with administration of a hypoglycemic agent.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种自动响应胰岛素需求的系统，而不需要外部监测或将胰岛素注入糖尿病患者。 该系统提供内部感测葡萄糖水平，并通过刺激胰腺或胰岛移植来响应，以增强胰岛素的产生。 增强刺激以大于突发速率的速率递送，或以其它方式控制，使得去极化突发构成每个胰岛电循环的更大部分，从而导致胰岛素产生增加。 该系统还提供连续葡萄糖监测，并通过递送定时的刺激脉冲来反应感测到的低血糖，以减少突发持续时间，从而抑制胰岛素产生。 在另一个实施例中，系统通过经过时间响应算法来响应外部或内部产生的良好的进气信号，以提供模拟自然响应的刺激增强的胰岛素反应。 在另一个实施例中，不间断地监视胰岛移植的功能，并且对外部编程器的命令记录和下载性能数据。 患者胰腺细胞的刺激可以与降血糖药物的给药相结合。
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17.发明授权Rate responsive pacemaker adapted to adjust lower rate limit according to monitored patient blood temperature 失效速率响应起搏器适应根据监测的患者血液温度调整较低的速率限制
公开(公告)号：US5814087A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US768604
申请日：1996-12-18
申请人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
发明人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
CPC分类号： A61N1/3655 , A61N1/368
摘要： A rate responsive pacemaker is provided having the capability of automatically adjusting the lower rate limit (LRL) for sleep, or nighttime. The pacemaker has a temperature sensor for determining patient blood temperature, and processes patient blood temperature data to obtain an average daily low value of nighttime blood temperature. The pacemaker monitors blood temperature to determine a drop below a threshold which is coupled to the average daily low value, as well as when the rate of temperature change exceeds a predetermined limit, these two coincident conditions suggesting onset of nighttime and/or sleep. Lower rate limit is decremented, preferably by a predetermined amount at onset of nighttime, and is automatically incremented when patient blood temperature and/or time of day indicate the end of nighttime.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种速率响应起搏器，具有自动调整睡眠或夜间的较低速率限制（LRL）的能力。 起搏器具有用于确定患者血液温度的温度传感器，并且处理患者血液温度数据以获得夜间血液温度的平均每日低值。 起搏器监测血液温度，以确定低于与平均日低值相关联的阈值的下降，以及当温度变化率超过预定极限时，这两个重合条件表明夜间和/或睡眠发生。 较低的速度限制在夜间开始时减少预定量，并且当患者血液温度和/或时间表示夜间结束时自动递增。
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公开(公告)号：US4345604A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-24
申请号：US170686
申请日：1980-07-21
申请人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
发明人： Alexis C. M. Renirie
CPC分类号： A61N1/362 , A61N1/378 , H02M3/155 , H02M2001/008
摘要： A switching power delivery means for use with a relatively low voltage power source, adapted to be used in conjunction with a converter for providing a raised voltage supply to a load, wherein the load is characterized by having a first circuit portion which is voltage sensitive and draws a low current, and a second circuit portion which draws a high current and is relatively insensitive to supply deviations, comprising a switching circuit alternately connecting said respective circuit portions through respective converters to the supply so that the voltage sensitive circuit is not affected by the loading of the high current circuit.
摘要翻译： 一种用于与相对低电压电源一起使用的开关电力输送装置，适用于与用于向负载提供升压电压的转换器一起使用，其中所述负载的特征在于具有对电压敏感的第一电路部分， 吸收低电流，以及第二电路部分，其吸收高电流并且对供应偏差相对不敏感，包括切换电路，通过相应的转换器将所述各个电路部分交替地连接到电源，使得电压敏感电路不受 加载大电流电路。
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公开(公告)号：US3989958A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-02
申请号：US608587
申请日：1975-08-28
摘要： An amplifier circuit for detecting low level signals of positive or negative amplitude, and for producing an output pulse whenever the input signal exceed a predetermined threshold level. A first operational transconductance amplifier is used as an amplifier, followed by a pair of operational transconductance amplifiers employed as comparators. The reference voltage for each comparator is set through a resistive circuit driven by one or more current sources. The design minimizes sensitivity drift by providing for compensation of amplifier offsets with minimal adjustment requirements, and provides broad bandwidth operation with very low current drain.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测正或负幅度的低电平信号并且每当输入信号超过预定阈值电平时产生输出脉冲的放大器电路。 第一个运算跨导放大器用作放大器，后面是用作比较器的一对运算跨导放大器。 每个比较器的参考电压通过由一个或多个电流源驱动的电阻电路来设置。 该设计通过提供对最小调整要求的放大器偏移的补偿来最大限度地降低灵敏度漂移，并以非常低的电流消耗提供宽带宽操作。
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