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    Ion-exchange membranes
    13.
    发明授权
    Ion-exchange membranes 失效
    离子交换膜

    公开(公告)号：US3412006A

    公开(公告)日：1968-11-19

    申请号：US42477065

    申请日：1965-01-11

    Applicant: IONICS

    Inventor： ALEXANDER SAMUEL S ,  VINCENT CIOFFI

    IPC: B01D61/50 ,  C08J5/22 ,  H01M8/02

    CPC classification number: B01D61/50 ,  C08J5/2287 ,  C08J2325/04 ,  C08J2325/10 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/0204 ,  H01M8/0273 ,  H01M8/0289

    Abstract: An electro-dialysis apparatus has a plurality of ion-exchange membranes 3, 5 separated from one another by spacer members, 2, 4, 2a, said membranes and spacer members having fluid inlet manifold holes 10, 10a and fluid outlet manifold holes 11, 11a, said spacers further having a fluid-flow path area 12, 12a connected to the inlet and outlet manifold holes of said spacers by means of connecting channels whereby fluid is caused to flow along and in contact with a membrane side adjacent thereto, said apparatus also containing a pair of terminal electrodes, 1, 1a for passing a current through said membranes and the fluid-flow path area of said spacers, at least one side of at least one said membrane containing selected portions 20 (see Fig.2) having increased physical stiffness and increased electrical resistance as compared to unselective portions, said portions of increased stiffness and increased electrical resistance corresponding substantially to that membrane area defined and encompassed within the connecting channel of the spacer placed adjacent to said membrane side whereby said increased stiffness is sufficient to substantially reduce the tendency of that area to flex under differential pressures. Suitably, the treated portions comprise the membrane area covering the inside edges of at least one of said manifold holes and extend outwardly therefrom at least in a direction towards the fluid-flow path area of the membranes and for a distance sufficient to substantially reduce lateral flow of current. Thus the treated area may extend in a direction towards the flow path of the membrane for a distance of from 1/4 in. to 2ins. The entire area commencing from the inside edge of the manifold hole and extending outwardly to the oppositely disposed edge of the liquid flow path of the membrane may be so treated. Both sides of the membrane may contain substantially identically treated portions. Treatment is effected by contacting said areas with a liquid polymerizable monomeric or comonomeric material which is soluble in polar solvents, the contact time being sufficient to allow said material to diffuse within said membrane area and thereafter polymerizing said material in situ in the presence of a polymerization catalyst to form a solid cross-linked substantially non-leachable polymer filler therein. For details see B5 Abridgement. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 (not reproduced) illustrate alternative forms of spacer and membrane construction.ALSO:Selected areas of an electrically conducting ion-exchange membrane of synthetic polymeric compounds are treated to cause increased electrical resistance and increased physical stiffness by contacting said areas with a liquid polymerizable monomeric or comonomeric material soluble in polar solvents, said contact time being sufficient to allow said material to diffuse within said membrane area and thereafter polymerizing said material in situ in the presence of a polymerization catalyst to form a solid cross-linked substantially non-leachable polymer filler therein. Liquid polymerizable monomeric materials specified include vinyl monomers and mixtures thereof. Specified vinyl monomers include styrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methylmethacrylate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl acetate, dimethylfurmarate, isobutylene and butadiene. In Example 6 a sodium form cation exchange membrane comprising a sulphonated copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene is treated with a solution containing ammonium persulphate as polymerization catalyst and glacial acrylic acid. In Example 7, the method of Example 6 is repeated using a solution comprising polyvinyl pyrrolidone, glacial acrylic acid, water and ammonium persulphate.

    Reinforced ion-exchange membranes
    15.
    发明授权
    Reinforced ion-exchange membranes 失效
    加强离子交换膜

    公开(公告)号：US3356607A

    公开(公告)日：1967-12-05

    申请号：US38431664

    申请日：1964-07-22

    Applicant: IONICS

    Inventor： EISENMANN JOHN L ,  ALEXANDER SAMUEL S

    IPC: C08J5/22

    CPC classification number: C08J5/2275 ,  C08J2323/12 ,  C08J2339/08

    Abstract: 1,049,549. Laminates. IONICS Inc. July 5. 1965 [July 22, 1964], No. 28312/65. Heading B5N. An ion-exchange membrane comprises at least one layer of a preferably open-structure woven fabric of synthetic or mineral fibres and at least one unwoven layer of such fibres, the latter being an outer layer, the layers being impregnated with a polymerizable resin mix converted or convertible into an ion-exchange resin. Preferably one woven layer sandwiched between two unwoven layers are used. The fibres of the layers may be of polyester, polyamide, polyacrylic, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene or P.T.F.E. resins, or rayon, or glass or asbestos, or mixtures of such fibres. The resin mix may comprise divinyl benzene cured with benzoyl peroxide and treated subsequently with chlormethyl ether, being then converted into a quaternary ammonium salt with aqueous trimethylamine to produce an anionexchange resin, or treated with H 2 SO 4 to produce a cation-exchange material. Impregnation may be effected by pouring the mix on to the assembly of layers between glass plates.

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