公开(公告)号：US07187405B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-06

申请号：US09969040

申请日：2001-10-02

申请人： Dwight Poplin ,  Michael J. Zelman ,  Airell R. Clark, II ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Dwight Poplin ,  Michael J. Zelman ,  Airell R. Clark, II ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： H04N9/73

CPC分类号： H04N5/2357 ,  H04N5/235

摘要： An image device, such as a digital camera, detects specific repeating patterns of signal variations by processing columnar information from the device's two-dimensional sensor array used to generate images. In one embodiment, the columnar information is derived from calculating row averages for two image frames, with each row average being a computed average of the multiple signal intensities generated from some or all of the sensors within a particular row. After the columnar information is determined for each of the two frames, a difference signal is generated as a sequence of the differences between the row averages for the first frame and the row averages for the second frame. This row averaging and frame differencing removes a large percentage of the signal energy that is not a result of the artifact of interest, such as the flicker generated by illumination having intensity fluctuations at 100 Hz or at 120 Hz. In some embodiments of the invention, the row averaging and/or the frame-to-frame comparison are deleted.

公开(公告)号：US06707937B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-16

申请号：US09615963

申请日：2000-07-14

申请人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 ,  G06T3/4007 ,  G06T3/403 ,  G09G5/20 ,  H04N9/045

摘要： A method and apparatus for interpolating color image information are provided. One or more image data values for a portion of a digital image in a vicinity of a target pixel are received and stored in a local array. A processor determines whether there is an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel based on the data values in the local array. If there is not an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel, then long scale interpolation is performed on the image data values in the local array, in order to result in interpolating color information that is missing from the image. If there is an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel, then short scale interpolation is performed using image data values in a subset of the local array in a closer vicinity of the target pixel. As a result, accurate color rendering of a digital image is achieved, even in the presence of an edge portion that exhibits great contrast between regions of the image.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种内插彩色图像信息的方法和装置。 在目标像素附近的数字图像的一部分的一个或多个图像数据值被接收并存储在本地阵列中。 处理器基于本地阵列中的数据值来确定目标像素附近是否存在边缘。 如果目标像素附近没有边缘，则对本地阵列中的图像数据值进行长标度插值，以便导出从图像中丢失的颜色信息。 如果在目标像素附近存在边缘，则使用在目标像素附近的局部阵列的子集中的图像数据值来执行短距离内插。 结果，即使存在在图像的区域之间显示出很大的对比度的边缘部分的存在，也能实现数字图像的准确的显色。

公开(公告)号：US08964040B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

申请号：US13489609

申请日：2012-06-06

申请人： Marius Tico ,  Jianping Zhou ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Marius Tico ,  Jianping Zhou ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： H04N5/228 ,  H04N5/225 ,  H04N7/18

CPC分类号： H04N5/225 ,  H04N5/23258 ,  H04N5/23277 ,  H04N5/2355 ,  H04N5/262

摘要： Motion sensor data may be used to register a sequence of standard dynamic range images for producing a high dynamic range (HDR) image, reducing use of computational resources over software visual feature mapping techniques. A rotational motion sensor may produce information about orientation changes in the imaging device between images in the sequence of images sufficient to allow registration of the images, instead of using registration based on analysis of visual features of the images. If the imaging device has been moved laterally, then the motion sensor data may not be useful and visual feature mapping techniques may be employed to produce the HDR image.

摘要翻译： 可以使用运动传感器数据来注册用于产生高动态范围（HDR）图像的标准动态范围图像序列，从而减少计算资源在软件视觉特征映射技术上的使用。 旋转运动传感器可以产生关于图像序列中的图像之间的成像装置中的取向变化的信息，足以允许图像的注册，而不是基于对图像的视觉特征的分析来使用注册。 如果成像设备已被横向移动，则运动传感器数据可能不是有用的，并且可以采用视觉特征映射技术来产生HDR图像。

公开(公告)号：US08188970B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

申请号：US11506244

申请日：2006-08-17

申请人： Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G06F3/033

CPC分类号： G06F3/03548 ,  G09G5/08

摘要： A pointing device system includes a moveable puck, a first surface on which a puck field of motion is defined, a controller, and a pressure-sensing mechanism. The pressure sensing mechanism measures an amount of pressure applied to the puck. The controller determines whether the measured amount of pressure meets a touch threshold value or a click threshold value. The touch threshold value is re-calculated when the measured amount of pressure meets or exceeds the previous touch threshold value but does not meet the click threshold value. The click threshold value is re-calculated when the measured amount of pressure meets the previous click threshold value. Changes in a position of the puck or a review of previously measured pressure values or events may also be analyzed prior to re-calculating the touch or click threshold values.

摘要翻译： 指向装置系统包括可移动的圆盘，定义有冰球运动的第一表面，控制器和压力感测机构。 压力感测机构测量施加于冰球的压力量。 控制器确定测量的压力量是否满足触摸阈值或点击阈值。 当测量的压力达到或超过先前的触摸阈值但不满足点击阈值时，触摸阈值被重新计算。 当测量的压力满足先前的点击阈值时，重新计算点击阈值。 在重新计算触摸或点击阈值之前，还可以对先前测得的压力值或事件的位置的变化进行分析。

公开(公告)号：US07750949B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-06

申请号：US11653161

申请日：2007-01-13

申请人： Dwight Poplin ,  Michael J. Zelman ,  Airell R. Clark, II ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Dwight Poplin ,  Michael J. Zelman ,  Airell R. Clark, II ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： H04N9/73

CPC分类号： H04N5/2357 ,  H04N5/235

摘要： An image device, such as a digital camera, detects specific repeating patterns of signal variations by processing columnar information from the device's two-dimensional sensor array used to generate images. In one embodiment, the columnar information is derived from calculating row averages for two image frames, with each row average being a computed average of the multiple signal intensities generated from some or all of the sensors within a particular row. After the columnar information is determined for each of the two frames, a difference signal is generated as a sequence of the differences between the row averages for the first frame and the row averages for the second frame. This row averaging and frame differencing removes a large percentage of the signal energy that is not a result of the artifact of interest, such as the flicker generated by illumination having intensity fluctuations at 100 Hz or at 120 Hz. In some embodiments of the invention, the row averaging and/or the frame-to-frame comparison are deleted.

摘要翻译： 诸如数码相机的图像设备通过处理来自用于生成图像的设备的二维传感器阵列的柱状信息来检测信号变化的特定重复图案。 在一个实施例中，从计算两个图像帧的行平均值导出柱状信息，其中每行平均值是从特定行内的某些或所有传感器产生的多个信号强度的计算平均值。 在为两帧中的每一帧确定柱状信息之后，产生差分信号作为第一帧的行平均值与第二帧的行平均值之间的差的序列。 该行平均和帧差异消除了不是感兴趣的伪像的结果的大部分信号能量，例如由在100Hz或120Hz处的强度波动的照明产生的闪烁。 在本发明的一些实施例中，行平均和/或帧到帧比较被删除。

公开(公告)号：US20080042971A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-21

申请号：US11506244

申请日：2006-08-17

申请人： Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G09G5/00

CPC分类号： G06F3/03548 ,  G09G5/08

摘要： A pointing device system includes a moveable puck, a first surface on which a puck field of motion is defined, a controller, and a pressure-sensing mechanism. The pressure sensing mechanism measures an amount of pressure applied to the puck. The controller determines whether the measured amount of pressure meets a touch threshold value or a click threshold value. The touch threshold value is re-calculated when the measured amount of pressure meets or exceeds the previous touch threshold value but does not meet the click threshold value. The click threshold value is re-calculated when the measured amount of pressure meets the previous click threshold value. Changes in a position of the puck or a review of previously measured pressure values or events may also be analyzed prior to re-calculating the touch or click threshold values.

摘要翻译： 指向装置系统包括可移动的圆盘，定义有冰球运动的第一表面，控制器和压力感测机构。 压力感测机构测量施加于冰球的压力量。 控制器确定测量的压力量是否满足触摸阈值或点击阈值。 当测量的压力达到或超过先前的触摸阈值但不满足点击阈值时，触摸阈值被重新计算。 当测量的压力满足先前的点击阈值时，重新计算点击阈值。 在重新计算触摸或点击阈值之前，还可以对先前测得的压力值或事件的位置的变化进行分析。

公开(公告)号：US07283663B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

申请号：US10763608

申请日：2004-01-23

申请人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 ,  G06T3/4007 ,  G06T3/403 ,  G09G5/20 ,  H04N9/045

摘要： A method and apparatus for interpolating color image information are provided. One or more image data values for a portion of a digital image in a vicinity of a target pixel are received and stored in a local array. A processor determines whether there is an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel based on the data values in the local array. If there is not an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel, then long scale interpolation is performed on the image data values in the local array, in order to result in interpolating color information that is missing from the image. If there is an edge in the vicinity of the target pixel, then short scale interpolation is performed using image data values in a subset of the local array in a closer vicinity of the target pixel. As a result, accurate color rendering of a digital image is achieved, even in the presence of an edge portion that exhibits great contrast between regions of the image.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种内插彩色图像信息的方法和装置。 在目标像素附近的数字图像的一部分的一个或多个图像数据值被接收并存储在本地阵列中。 处理器基于本地阵列中的数据值来确定目标像素附近是否存在边缘。 如果目标像素附近没有边缘，则对本地阵列中的图像数据值执行长标尺插值，以便导出从图像中丢失的颜色信息。 如果在目标像素附近存在边缘，则使用在目标像素附近的局部阵列的子集中的图像数据值来执行短距离内插。 结果，即使存在在图像的区域之间显示出很大的对比度的边缘部分的存在，也能实现数字图像的准确的显色。

公开(公告)号：US06983080B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-03

申请号：US10199376

申请日：2002-07-19

申请人： John S. Wenstrand ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： John S. Wenstrand ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G06K9/36

CPC分类号： G06T3/4053 ,  H04N5/349

摘要： An image having higher resolution and/or better color is generated from multiple images of a subject taken by a handheld imaging device. The motion of the device, even when a user holds the device steady, gives the images perspectives that differ by an amount ranging from a fraction of a pixel to a few pixels. The differences in perspective provide different information about the subject that can be combined to create a better image. In particular, an image shifted by a non-integer number of pixels relative to another image provides information about portions of the subject that are between the pixels of the other image and usable for increasing resolution. Images shifted relative to each other by an integer number of pixels have aligned pixels that may provide different color information for the same portion of the subject when the aligned pixels correspond sensor elements having different color filters.

摘要翻译： 具有较高分辨率和/或更好颜色的图像由手持式成像装置拍摄的被摄体的多个图像产生。 即使用户将设备稳定地保持在设备的运动中，给出的图像视角的差异范围从一小部分像素到几个像素。 透视差异提供了可以组合起来创造更好图像的主题的不同信息。 特别地，相对于另一图像偏移了非整数像素的图像提供关于另一图像的像素之间的对象的部分的信息，并且可用于增加分辨率。 当对齐的像素对应具有不同滤色器的传感器元件时，相对于彼此移位相对于像素的图像具有对准像素，其可以为被摄体的相同部分提供不同的颜色信息。

公开(公告)号：US06300935B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-09

申请号：US09295727

申请日：1999-04-20

申请人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Arthur Sobel ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： G09G502

CPC分类号： G06T3/4007

摘要： A circuit architecture and method are provided for interpolating a first color value associated with a first color and a second color value associated with a second color for use in generating a pixel that represents a portion of a digital image, based on a third color value that is associated with a third color. Pixel data generated by a digital image sensor is serially received at a register array organized in rows and columns that correspond to pixels of interest that are used in a bicubic interpolation process. Values stored in registers of the register array are coupled to and continuously available to four (4) dot product modules and an interpolator. As the serial data arrives, it is clocked stepwise through the registers, and concurrently used by the dot product modules and interpolator to compute the first color value and the second color value. Data that reaches the end of a line of registers is moved into a corresponding shift register for temporary storage until it is needed again. Advantageously, the method may be implemented in integrated circuit hardware and using fast combinational logic with no CPU multiply operations and no floating-point operations. A particular application is in interpolating complementary colors for pixel information received from a color area sensor, such as a CCD image sensor, in a digital camera.

摘要翻译： 提供一种电路架构和方法，用于内插与第一颜色相关联的第一颜色值和与第二颜色相关联的第二颜色值，以用于生成表示数字图像的一部分的像素，基于第三颜色值， 与第三种颜色相关联。 由数字图像传感器生成的像素数据以对应于在双三次插值处理中使用的感兴趣像素的行和列组织的寄存器阵列被串行接收。 存储在寄存器阵列的寄存器中的值耦合到四（4）个点产品模块和内插器并连续可用。 当串行数据到达时，它通过寄存器逐步计时，并且由点积模块和内插器同时使用以计算第一颜色值和第二颜色值。 到达一行寄存器结束的数据被移动到相应的移位寄存器用于临时存储，直到再次需要。 有利地，该方法可以在集成电路硬件中实现，并且使用没有CPU乘法运算和无浮点运算的快速组合逻辑。 具体应用是在数字照相机中对从诸如CCD图像传感器之类的颜色区域传感器接收的像素信息内插补色。

公开(公告)号：US20130329087A1

公开(公告)日：2013-12-12

申请号：US13489609

申请日：2012-06-06

申请人： Marius Tico ,  Jianping Zhou ,  Todd S. Sachs

发明人： Marius Tico ,  Jianping Zhou ,  Todd S. Sachs

IPC分类号： H04N5/262 ,  H04N5/225

CPC分类号： H04N5/225 ,  H04N5/23258 ,  H04N5/23277 ,  H04N5/2355 ,  H04N5/262

摘要： Motion sensor data may be used to register a sequence of standard dynamic range images for producing a high dynamic range (HDR) image, reducing use of computational resources over software visual feature mapping techniques. A rotational motion sensor may produce information about orientation changes in the imaging device between images in the sequence of images sufficient to allow registration of the images, instead of using registration based on analysis of visual features of the images. If the imaging device has been moved laterally, then the motion sensor data may not be useful and visual feature mapping techniques may be employed to produce the HDR image.

摘要翻译： 可以使用运动传感器数据来注册用于产生高动态范围（HDR）图像的标准动态范围图像序列，从而减少计算资源在软件视觉特征映射技术上的使用。 旋转运动传感器可以产生关于图像序列中的图像之间的成像装置中的取向变化的信息，足以允许图像的注册，而不是基于对图像的视觉特征的分析来使用注册。 如果成像装置已被横向移动，则运动传感器数据可能不是有用的，并且可以采用视觉特征映射技术来产生HDR图像。