公开(公告)号：US06680613B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-20

申请号：US10367413

申请日：2003-02-14

申请人： Richard A. Rosthal ,  Dean Homan ,  Thomas D. Barber ,  Stephen Bonner ,  Brian Clark ,  Dzevat Omeragic

发明人： Richard A. Rosthal ,  Dean Homan ,  Thomas D. Barber ,  Stephen Bonner ,  Brian Clark ,  Dzevat Omeragic

IPC分类号： G01V310

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： Methods and apparatus are disclosed for minimizing or eliminating an undesired axial electric current induced along a subsurface borehole in the process of subsurface measurements with transmitter and/or receiver antennas which are substantially time varying magnetic dipoles with their dipole moments aligned at an angle to the axis of the borehole. Some antennas are disposed within the borehole on instruments having a non-conductive support member. One instrument includes a conductive all-metal body with an antenna adapted for induction frequencies. Antenna shields adapted for controlled current flow are also provided with an all-metal instrument. Methods include providing an alternate path for the current along the instrument body. Another method includes emitting a controlled current to counter the undesired current. Another method corrects for the effect of the current using a superposition technique. An embodiment of the instrument includes an antenna disposed between a pair of electrically coupled electrodes. The antenna is disposed on the instrument such that it comprises a tilted or transverse magnetic dipole. Another embodiment of the instrument includes a non-conductive housing with a conductive segment disposed thereon. An antenna is disposed on the instrument about the conductive segment. Another embodiment includes an antenna disposed between two pairs of electrodes with means to measure a voltage at the electrodes when electromagnetic energy is transmitted within the borehole. Yet another instrument includes an antenna disposed between a first pair of electrodes and means to measure a voltage at the electrodes when electromagnetic energy is transmitted within the borehole. This embodiment also includes means to energize a second electrode pair in response to the voltage measured at the first electrode pair.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于在地下测量过程中沿着地下钻孔感应的不期望的轴向电流的发射机和/或接收机天线的最小化或消除的方法和装置，所述发射机和/或接收机天线是基本上时变的磁偶极，其偶极矩与轴成一定角度 的钻孔。 一些天线设置在具有非导电支撑构件的仪器上的钻孔内。 一种仪器包括具有适用于感应频率的天线的导电全金属体。 适用于受控电流流动的天线屏蔽还配有全金属仪器。 方法包括提供沿着仪器主体的电流的替代路径。 另一种方法包括发射受控电流以对抗不需要的电流。 另一种方法使用叠加技术来纠正当前的效果。 仪器的一个实施例包括设置在一对电耦合电极之间的天线。 天线设置在仪器上，使得其包括倾斜或横向磁偶极子。 仪器的另一实施例包括其上设置有导电段的非导电壳体。 天线设置在仪器周围导电段。 另一个实施例包括设置在两对电极之间的天线，其具有当电磁能量在钻孔内传输时测量电极处的电压的装置。 另一种仪器包括设置在第一对电极之间的天线和当电磁能量在钻孔内传输时测量电极处的电压的装置。 该实施例还包括响应于在第一电极对测量的电压来激励第二电极对的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06556015B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US09975411

申请日：2001-10-11

申请人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Gerald N. Minerbo

发明人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Gerald N. Minerbo

IPC分类号： G01V326

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： Systems and methods are provided for determining subsurface formation properties using an antenna system disposed within a borehole traversing the formation. A logging system includes a well tool implemented with an antenna system having transverse or tilted magnetic dipoles. One antenna implementation uses a set of three coils having non-parallel axes. Through mechanical or electromagnetic rotation of an antenna about its axis in order to maximize or minimize couplings, the systems and methods are used to estimate formation anisotropic resistivity, providing reduced borehole effects in vertical and small deviation wells. This invention may also be applied in deviated wells when the borehole is perpendicular to the strike direction, as is often the case in wireline logging.

摘要翻译： 提供的系统和方法用于使用设置在穿过地层的钻孔内的天线系统来确定地下地层特性。 测井系统包括用具有横向或倾斜磁偶极子的天线系统实现的井具。 一个天线实现使用一组具有非平行轴的三个线圈。 通过围绕其轴线的天线机械或电磁旋转以使耦合最大化或最小化，系统和方法用于估计形成各向异性电阻率，在垂直和小偏差井中提供降低的井眼效应。 当钻孔垂直于冲击方向时，本发明也可以应用于偏斜井中，如在电缆测井中通常情况。

公开(公告)号：US08754651B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-17

申请号：US12945928

申请日：2010-11-15

申请人： Tarek Habashy ,  Andrew Hayman ,  Yong-Hua Chen ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Philip Cheung

发明人： Tarek Habashy ,  Andrew Hayman ,  Yong-Hua Chen ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Philip Cheung

IPC分类号： G01V3/10

CPC分类号： G01V3/20 ,  E21B49/005 ,  G01V3/088 ,  G01V3/24

摘要： A system and method for imaging properties of subterranean formations in a wellbore is provided. The system comprises a formation sensor for collecting currents injected into the subterranean formations, the formation sensor positionable on a downhole tool deployable into the wellbore. The system comprises a controller for controlling the formation sensor and a formation imaging unit. The formation imaging unit comprises a current management unit for collecting data from the currents injected into the subterranean formations, the currents having at least two different frequencies. The formation imaging unit comprises a drilling mud data unit for determining at least one drilling mud parameter, a formation data unit for determining at least one formation parameter from the collected data, and an inversion unit for determining at least one formation property by inverting the at least one formation parameter.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在井筒中成像地层的特性的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于收集注入到地层中的电流的地层传感器，地层传感器可定位在可部署到井筒中的井下工具上。 该系统包括用于控制地层传感器和地层成像单元的控制器。 地层成像单元包括用于从注入到地层中的电流收集数据的电流管理单元，该电流具有至少两个不同的频率。 地层成像单元包括用于确定至少一个钻井泥浆参数的钻井泥浆数据单元，用于根据所收集的数据确定至少一个地层参数的地层数据单元，以及用于通过将at 至少一个地层参数。

公开(公告)号：US08200437B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-12

申请号：US12241141

申请日：2008-09-30

申请人： Sofia Davydycheva ,  Dean Homan ,  Dzevat Omeragic

发明人： Sofia Davydycheva ,  Dean Homan ,  Dzevat Omeragic

IPC分类号： G01V3/18

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： A method for determining electromagnetic induction properties of subsurface rock formations includes determining an eccentering angle of a well logging instrument disposed in a wellbore. The instrument includes at least one triaxial induction transmitter and at least one triaxial induction receiver. The eccentering angle is determined from symmetric cross component measurement differences. The triaxial induction measurements made from the at least one receiver are rotated to an apparent eccentering angle of zero. At least one electromagnetic induction property is determined from the rotated triaxial induction measurements.

摘要翻译： 用于确定地下岩层的电磁感应特性的方法包括确定设置在井眼中的测井仪器的偏心角度。 仪器包括至少一个三轴感应发射器和至少一个三轴感应接收器。 偏心角由对称交叉分量测量差异确定。 由至少一个接收器进行的三轴感应测量旋转到零的中心角。 从旋转的三轴感应测量确定至少一个电磁感应特性。

公开(公告)号：US20110238312A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US13030780

申请日：2011-02-18

申请人： Jean Seydoux ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Dean M. Homan

发明人： Jean Seydoux ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Dean M. Homan

IPC分类号： G06F19/00 ,  G01V3/08

CPC分类号： G01V3/22 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V3/30

摘要： The present disclosure relates to a method to determine a formation property of a subsurface formation. A downhole logging tool having two or more antennas, at least two of the antennas having a transversely-sensitive element and an axially-sensitive element is provided. Azimuthally-sensitive measurements are obtained using the antennas of the downhole logging tool. The measurements are fitted to a Fourier series having Fourier coefficients that include channel gains, if any. A DC component, a first harmonic component, and a second harmonic component are determined from the Fourier series, a measurement type is determined using the DC component, the first harmonic component, and/or the second harmonic component, and the formation property of the subsurface formation is determined using the determined measurement type.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及确定地下地层的地层特性的方法。 一种具有两个或多个天线的井下测井工具，其中至少两个天线具有横向敏感元件和轴向敏感元件。 使用井下测井工具的天线获得方位角敏感测量。 这些测量值适用于傅立叶级数，其傅立叶系数包括通道增益（如果有的话）。 从傅里叶级数确定DC分量，一次谐波分量和二次谐波分量，使用DC分量，一次谐波分量和/或二次谐波分量来确定测量类型，并且确定 使用确定的测量类型确定地下地层。

公开(公告)号：US20100122847A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-20

申请号：US12610942

申请日：2009-11-02

申请人： PEIWEN XIA ,  Jan W. Smits ,  Lawrence Chou ,  Qiming Li ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  James F. Bristow ,  Paul A. Wand ,  Jean-Michel Denichou

发明人： PEIWEN XIA ,  Jan W. Smits ,  Lawrence Chou ,  Qiming Li ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  James F. Bristow ,  Paul A. Wand ,  Jean-Michel Denichou

IPC分类号： E21B47/022 ,  E21B47/00 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B7/04 ,  G06G7/50

CPC分类号： G01V1/34 ,  G01V1/40

摘要： A method for displaying a formation model while drilling a wellbore in the formation includes operating a well logging instrument at a measurement point in the formation along a wellbore while the wellbore is being drilled. Measurement data regarding the formation are obtained from the well logging instrument. An actual orientation of a geological structure is determined from the measurement data. A trajectory of the wellbore is displayed in three dimensions as it is being drilled through the formation. While drilling the wellbore, the geological structure is displayed along the trajectory of the wellbore according to the determined actual orientation of the geological structure. The actual orientation reflects an azimuth angle of planes corresponding to the geological structure. The trajectory of the wellbore is changed in response to displaying the determined actual orientation of the geological structure relative to the trajectory.

摘要翻译： 一种在地层钻井时显示地层模型的方法，包括在钻井时沿井身沿地层沿测量点操作测井仪器。 从测井仪器获得关于地层的测量数据。 根据测量数据确定地质结构的实际方向。 当钻井通过地层时，井眼的轨迹显示在三维之中。 在钻井时，根据确定的地质结构的实际取向，沿着井眼的轨迹显示地质结构。 实际方向反映了与地质结构相对应的平面的方位角。 响应于显示确定的相对于轨迹的地质结构的实际取向，井眼的轨迹被改变。

公开(公告)号：US07599825B2

公开(公告)日：2009-10-06

申请号：US11279203

申请日：2006-04-10

申请人： Jian Yang ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Chengbing Liu ,  Qiming Li ,  Jan W. Smits ,  Yanqing Zeng ,  Helene C. Climent

发明人： Jian Yang ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Chengbing Liu ,  Qiming Li ,  Jan W. Smits ,  Yanqing Zeng ,  Helene C. Climent

IPC分类号： G06G7/48 ,  G01V3/18 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01V3/24

摘要： Various technologies for removing shoulder-bed effects from measurements of an earth formation made in a wellbore. In one implementation, a methodology for removing the shoulder-bed effects includes receiving the measurements and constructing a layered model of the earth formation. Each layer has a set of parameters corresponding to one or more types of the received measurements ascribed to each layer such that the set of parameters define a parameter space for the layered model. The methodology may further include dividing the parameter space into subspaces based on relationships among the parameters, selecting from the subspaces one or more starting points, minimizing a cost function using the one or more starting points to generate one or more candidate solutions having the shoulder-bed effects removed and selecting a final solution from the one or more candidate solutions.

摘要翻译： 用于通过测量在井眼中产生的地层的各种技术来消除肩膀床效应。 在一个实施方案中，用于去除肩膀床效应的方法包括接收测量并构建地层的分层模型。 每个层具有对应于归属于每个层的接收的测量的一种或多种类型的参数的集合，使得该组参数定义分层模型的参数空间。 该方法可以进一步包括：基于参数之间的关系将参数空间划分为子空间，从子空间中选择一个或多个起始点，使用一个或多个起始点使成本函数最小化，以生成具有肩峰位置的一个或多个候选解， 床效应被消除，并从一个或多个候选解决方案中选择最终解决方案。

公开(公告)号：US07202670B2

公开(公告)日：2007-04-10

申请号：US10710188

申请日：2004-06-24

申请人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Qiming Li ,  Lawrence Chou ,  Libo Yang ,  Chengbing Liu ,  Jan Smits

发明人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Qiming Li ,  Lawrence Chou ,  Libo Yang ,  Chengbing Liu ,  Jan Smits

IPC分类号： G01B3/08

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： A method is described for characterizing a subsurface formation with a logging instrument disposed in a borehole penetrating the formation. The logging instrument is equipped with at least a transmitter system and a receiver system. The method entails positioning the logging instrument within the borehole so that the transmitter system and receiver system are disposed in the vicinity of a formation boundary of interest and measuring the azimuthal orientation of the logging instrument. Electromagnetic energy is transmitted into the formation using the transmitter system and signals associated with the transmitted electromagnetic energy are measured using the receiver system. The method further entails determining the relative azimuth of the formation boundary, composing a symmetrized directional measurement using the measured signals and the determined relative boundary azimuth, and determining the relative dip of the formation boundary using the composed directional measurement.

摘要翻译： 描述了用设置在穿透地层的井眼中的测井仪表征地下地层的方法。 测井仪器至少配备有发射机系统和接收机系统。 该方法需要将测井仪器定位在钻孔内，使得发射机系统和接收机系统被布置在感兴趣的地层边界附近并测量测井仪器的方位角取向。 使用发射机系统将电磁能量传输到地层中，并且使用接收机系统测量与所传输的电磁能相关联的信号。 该方法还需要确定地层边界的相对方位角，使用测量的信号和确定的相对边界方位组成对称的方向测量，以及使用组合的方向测量来确定地层边界的相对倾角。

公开(公告)号：US20060253255A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-09

申请号：US11279739

申请日：2006-04-13

申请人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  GERALD MINERBO ,  RICHARD ROSTHAL

发明人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  GERALD MINERBO ,  RICHARD ROSTHAL

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： E21B47/026 ,  G01V3/28

摘要： A method to determine a parameter of a subsurface formation such as anisotropy and dip comprises making at least two cross dipole measurements and forming an anti-symmetrized combination from the at least two cross dipole measurements.

摘要翻译： 确定地下地层诸如各向异性和浸渍的参数的方法包括进行至少两个交叉偶极子测量并从所述至少两个交叉偶极子测量形成抗对称结合。

公开(公告)号：US07093672B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

申请号：US10707985

申请日：2004-01-29

申请人： Jean Seydoux ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Jacques R. Tabanou

发明人： Jean Seydoux ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Jacques R. Tabanou

IPC分类号： E21B25/00 ,  G01J3/18

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  E21B7/04 ,  E21B47/00

摘要： A method for geosteering while drilling a formation includes generating a plurality of formation models for the formation, where each of the plurality of the formation models includes a set of parameters and a resistivity tool therein and locations of the resistivity tool differ in the plurality of the formation models. The method may also include computing predicted tool responses for the resistivity tool in the plurality of formation models, acquiring resistivity measurements using the resistivity tool in the formation, and determining an optimum formation model based on a comparison between the actual tool response and the predicted tool responses. The method may also include steering a bottom home assembly based on the optimum formation model.

摘要翻译： 在钻孔地层时，用于地质导向的方法包括产生用于地层的多个地层模型，其中多个地层模型中的每一个包括一组参数和其中的电阻率工具，并且电阻率工具的位置在多个 形成模型。 该方法还可以包括计算多个地层模型中的电阻率工具的预测工具响应，使用地层中的电阻率工具获取电阻率测量值，以及基于实际的工具响应与预测的工具之间的比较来确定最佳地层模型 回应。 该方法还可以包括基于最佳形成模型来转向底部主组件。