公开(公告)号：US4927514A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US239582

申请日：1988-09-01

申请人： Frank Solomon ,  Yury Genodman

发明人： Frank Solomon ,  Yury Genodman

IPC分类号： C25B1/13 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25B11/08 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04223 ,  C25B1/13 ,  C25B11/035 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/96 ,  Y10S977/753 ,  Y10S977/775 ,  Y10S977/788 ,  Y10S977/898

摘要： A platinum black air cathode has an active layer and a support layer. The active layer comprises platinum black plus hydrophobic binder, typically a fluorinated polymer. The support layer may be made up from carbon black bound with a halopolymer binding agent. Such combination can provide for economical utilization of active ingredient without sacrifice of cathode structural integrity. To assist in this structural integrity, a thin support mesh may be used, preferably with the support layer. There can also be employed between the active layer and the support layer a porous bonding layer, which can find broader utilization with layered gas diffusion electrodes in general. For highly desirable, greatly extended operation of the platinum black air cathode, the cathode can be operated intermittently, or anodically polarized or be subjected to infrequent voltage suppression, as well as being involved with any combination of the foregoing.

公开(公告)号：US4500647A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US425444

申请日：1982-09-28

申请人： Frank Solomon

发明人： Frank Solomon

IPC分类号： C25B11/00

CPC分类号： C25B11/00 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： The disclosure is directed to preparing three-layer laminated "matrix" electrodes suitable for use as oxygen (air) cathodes in chlor-alkali and other electrochemical cells, fuel cells and in other electrochemical applications.The term "matrix" as used herein means that the active carbon particles are present within an unsintered network of carbon black-PTFE (fibrillated) material.This three-layer laminated electrode includes a porous, coherent, hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-containing backing (wet proofing) layer, with or without carbon black therein, in contact with the non-working surface of a "matrix" active layer containing catalyzed or uncatalyzed active carbon particles present within an unsintered network of fibrilliated carbon black-PTFE and an electroconductive current distributor laminated to the working surface of said active layer, and to a process for making said laminate.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及制备适合用作氯 - 碱和其他电化学电池，燃料电池和其它电化学应用中的氧（空气）阴极的三层层压“基质”电极。 本文所用的术语“基质”是指活性炭颗粒存在于碳黑PTFE（原纤化）材料的未烧结网络中。 该三层层压电极包括含有或不含有炭黑的多孔，相干，疏水性的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）背衬（防湿）层，与含有催化剂的“基体”活性层的非工作表面接触 或未催化的炭黑PTFE的未烧结网络中存在的未催化的活性炭颗粒和层压到所述有源层的工作表面的导电电流分布器以及制备所述层压体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4405544A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

申请号：US348824

申请日：1982-02-16

申请人： Frank Solomon

发明人： Frank Solomon

IPC分类号： C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  B29C6/00 ,  B27J5/00

CPC分类号： H01M4/8875 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/96

摘要： This disclosure is directed to strengthening carbon-black particulate "Teflon" (PTFE) mixes destined to be formed into active layers in air cathodes, which comprises mixing an aqueous dispersion of particulate polytetrafluoroethylene with an aqueous suspension of particulate carbon-black; washing and drying; mixing with a pore-forming agent; fibrillating said mixtures; washing and drying; adding polytetrafluoroethylene fibers while chopping said dried fibrillated mixture and thereafter forming said chopped mixture into a sheet, which was washed and dried.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及加强预定在空气阴极中形成活性层的炭黑颗粒“特氟隆”（PTFE）混合物，其包括将聚四氟乙烯颗粒的水分散体与颗粒炭黑的水悬浮液混合; 洗涤和干燥; 与成孔剂混合; 使所述混合物原纤化; 洗涤和干燥; 加入聚四氟乙烯纤维，同时切碎所述干燥的原纤化混合物，然后将所述切碎的混合物形成片材，将其洗涤和干燥。

公开(公告)号：US4379772A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-12

申请号：US202576

申请日：1980-10-31

申请人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

发明人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

IPC分类号： C25B11/03 ,  C25B1/46 ,  C25B11/02 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  B29D27/00

CPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/8668 ,  H01M4/8821 ,  H01M4/8875 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/96 ,  Y10S264/47

摘要： The present disclosure is directed to an electrode active layer or sheet containing from about 60 to about 85 wt. % active carbon in intimate admixture with 15 to 40 wt. % fibrillated PTFE. This electrode has improved strength and is capable of operation at high current density with resistance to mechanical failure due to blistering of the electrode, and to a process for producing same. The process is characterized by combining a dilute dispersion of smaller polytetrafluoroethylene particles with a suspension of catalyzed or uncatalyzed larger active carbon particles to discontinuously coat active carbon with PTFE; fibrillating same; comminuting said fibrillated PTFE/active carbon mix; and then rolling same into a self-sustaining, coherent sheet form. Alternatively, the sheet form can be provided by deposition of the heat treated polytetrafluoroethylenated active carbon on a filter paper or like medium.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及含有约60至约85重量％的电极活性层或片材。 ％活性炭与15-40重量％的紧密混合。 ％原纤化PTFE。 该电极具有改善的强度，并且能够以高电流密度操作，具有由于电极起泡引起的机械故障的耐受性及其制造方法。 该方法的特征在于将较小聚四氟乙烯颗粒的稀释分散体与催化或未催化的较大活性炭颗粒的悬浮液组合以用PTFE不连续地涂覆活性炭; 原纤化相同; 粉碎所述原纤化PTFE /活性炭混合物; 然后将其滚动成自我维持，连贯的表格。 或者，可以通过将热处理的聚四氟乙烯化活性炭沉积在滤纸或类似介质上来提供片状。

公开(公告)号：US4379077A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-05

申请号：US202580

申请日：1980-10-31

申请人： Frank Solomon

发明人： Frank Solomon

IPC分类号： C01B31/08 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  B01J21/18 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： C25B11/12 ,  C01B31/083 ,  C25B11/04

摘要： An improved process for making an oxygen cathode having a carbon supported hydroxide forming catalyst, wherein, prior to placement of catalyst on the carbon, active carbon particles are contacted with an alkali and then contacted with an acid. The alkali contacting step is conducted at temperatures ranging from 90.degree.-140.degree. C. for a time period of at least 0.5 hours.

摘要翻译： 一种制备具有碳负载型氢氧化物形成催化剂的氧阴极的改进方法，其中，在将催化剂置于碳上之前，将活性炭颗粒与碱接触，然后与酸接触。 碱接触步骤在90-140℃的温度下进行至少0.5小时的时间。

公开(公告)号：US4357262A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-02

申请号：US202573

申请日：1980-10-31

申请人： Frank Solomon

发明人： Frank Solomon

IPC分类号： C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/03 ,  B29D27/00 ,  C25B11/12 ,  C25B13/08

CPC分类号： C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/04

摘要： The present disclosure is directed to a process for treating gas electrodes containing a wetproofing (backing) layer which contains a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in conjunction with a water-soluble pore-forming agent and a PTFE-containing active layer to preserve and enhance their structural integrity which comprises contacting the electrode first with an alkylene polyol, or other water-soluble organic material having a plurality of hydroxyl groups, at temperatures ranging from about 50.degree. to about 100.degree. C. for a sufficient period of time to thoroughly wet the PTFE-containing active layer thereof, and thereafter contacting the thus-treated electrode with water in one or more washing steps to substantially remove the pore-forming agent. Between the hot soak with the alkylene polyol, or equivalent material, and the water wash(es), the electrode can optionally be dried.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及一种用于处理气体电极的方法，该气体电极含有与水溶性成孔剂和含PTFE活性层结合的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）的防湿（背衬）层，以保持和增强其结构 完整性包括首先将电极与亚烷基多元醇或具有多个羟基的其它水溶性有机材料在约50℃至约100℃的温度下接触足够的时间以彻底润湿PTFE 并且然后在一个或多个洗涤步骤中将如此处理的电极与水接触以基本上除去造孔剂。 在与亚烷基多元醇或等效材料的热浸泡之间和水洗（es）之间，可任选地干燥电极。

公开(公告)号：US4877694A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-31

申请号：US51551

申请日：1987-05-18

申请人： Frank Solomon ,  Yury Genodman ,  Jaime Irizarry

发明人： Frank Solomon ,  Yury Genodman ,  Jaime Irizarry

IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96

CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  H01M4/86

摘要： A gas diffusion electrode is now prepared which offers extended, efficient operation. For this, the electrode matrix may include a hydrophobic layer containing hydrophobic polymer. The electrode has hydrophilic ingredient of particulate carbon bound by hydrophilic, halogenated polymer binder. The particulate carbon used is a catalyzed carbon. The resulting efficient electrode is capable of extended operation. Moreover, on the one hand carbon catalysis can now be done in economical, straightforward manner, while on the other hand the electrode can have a surface overlay of a dimensionally stable, thin non-cellulosic paper. Such paper may be pressed against the underlying component material by a foraminous overlay, e.g., a metal mesh.

公开(公告)号：US4518705A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-21

申请号：US425442

申请日：1982-09-28

申请人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

发明人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96

CPC分类号： H01M4/8821 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/8663 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/0234

摘要： The disclosure is directed to preparing three-layer laminated electrodes suitable for use as oxygen (air) cathodes in chlor-alkali and other electrochemical cells, fuel cells and in other electrochemical applications.This three-layer laminate includes an active layer or sheet containing from about 60 to about 85 wt. % active carbon, the remainder being unsintered, fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene in intimate admixture with said active carbon, said active layer laminated on its working surface to a current distributor and on its opposite surface to a porous, coherent, hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene-containing wetproofing layer.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及制备适用于氯碱和其他电化学电池，燃料电池和其他电化学应用中的氧（空气）阴极的三层层压电极。 该三层层合物包括含有约60-约85wt。 ％活性炭，剩余部分是未烧结的，原纤化的聚四氟乙烯与所述活性炭紧密混合，所述活性层在其工作表面上层压到电流分布器上，并在其相对表面上与多孔，相干，疏水的含聚四氟乙烯的防潮层相反。

公开(公告)号：US4456521A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US486468

申请日：1983-04-19

申请人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

发明人： Frank Solomon ,  Charles Grun

IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  C25B11/03

CPC分类号： H01M4/8821 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/12 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926

摘要： The disclosure is directed to preparing three-layer laminated electrodes suitable for use as oxygen (air) cathodes in chlor-alkali and other electrochemical cells, fuel cells and in other electrochemical applications.This three-layer laminate includes an active layer or sheet containing from about 60 to about 85 wt. % active carbon, the remainder being unsintered, fibrillated polytetrafluoroethylene in intimate admixture with said active carbon, said active layer laminated on its working surface to a current distributor and on its opposite surface to a porous, coherent, hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene-containing wetproofing layer.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及制备适用于氯碱和其他电化学电池，燃料电池和其他电化学应用中的氧（空气）阴极的三层层压电极。 该三层层合物包括含有约60-约85wt。 ％活性炭，剩余部分是未烧结的，原纤化的聚四氟乙烯与所述活性炭紧密混合，所述活性层在其工作表面上层压到电流分布器上，并在其相对表面上与多孔，相干，疏水的含聚四氟乙烯的防潮层相反。

公开(公告)号：US4440617A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-03

申请号：US436979

申请日：1982-10-27

申请人： Frank Solomon

发明人： Frank Solomon

IPC分类号： C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/96 ,  C25B11/06

CPC分类号： H01M4/8668 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25B11/04 ,  H01M4/8885 ,  H01M4/92

摘要： This disclosure is directed to a non-bleeding gas electrode for operation under the rigors of high current density and to the active layer thereof. This active layer is comprised of 60 to 90 weight percent high surface area, electroconductive carbon (with or without catalyst thereon), 10 to 40 weight percent particulate polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and has pores sufficiently large to relieve internal hydrodynamic pressures thus preventing liquid being forced through the electrode wetproofing layer to the air side thereof. In addition such electrodes include a PTFE-containing wetproofing or backing layer secured on one side to said active layer and on the other side to a current distributor. The pores in both the active layer and the backing layer are controlled to relieve hydrodynamic pressures by coordinating the particle size of the pore former used to establish the pores in both said layers such that the repellancy of the backing layer to hot alkali exceeds the internal liquid pressures in the active layer.Of particular significance is the fact that the present electrode is non-bleeding when operated on air and preserves its low voltage at high current density over extended time periods without bleeding.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及一种用于在高电流密度严格条件下操作的非排气气体电极及其活性层。 该活性层由60至90重量％的高表面积，导电碳（有或没有催化剂），10至40重量％的聚四氟乙烯颗粒（PTFE）组成，并且具有足够大的孔以减轻内部流体动力学压力，从而防止液体被迫 通过电极防潮层到其空气侧。 此外，这样的电极包括在一侧固定到所述有源层并且另一侧固定到电流分布器的含PTFE的防潮或背衬层。 控制有源层和背衬层中的孔以通过配置用于在所述层中建立孔的成孔剂的颗粒尺寸来调节流体动力压力，使得背衬层与热碱的排斥性超过内部液体 活性层的压力。 特别重要的是本发明的电极在空气中操作时不渗出，并且在较长时间内以高电流密度保持其低电压而不出血。