公开(公告)号：US07499523B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-03

申请号：US11498113

申请日：2006-08-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G01B15/00

CPC classification number: G01N23/20083 ,  G01N2223/045 ,  G01N2223/637 ,  G01N2223/639

Abstract: A method for identifying a substance is described. The method includes detecting, by a first scatter detector, a first set of scattered radiation, generating a first effective atomic number from the first set of scattered radiation, detecting, by a second scatter detector, a second set of scattered radiation, generating a second effective atomic number from the second set of scattered radiation, and determining whether the first effective atomic number is within a limit of the second effective atomic number.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于鉴定物质的方法。 该方法包括通过第一散射检测器检测第一组散射辐射，从第一组散射辐射产生第一有效原子序数，由第二散射检测器检测第二组散射辐射，产生第二组散射辐射 确定所述第一有效原子序数是否在所述第二有效原子数的极限内。

公开(公告)号：US07463721B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-09

申请号：US11090445

申请日：2005-03-24

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Helmut Strecker ,  Dirk Kosciesza ,  Stephan Olesinski

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Helmut Strecker ,  Dirk Kosciesza ,  Stephan Olesinski

IPC: G21K1/00 ,  G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G01N23/04 ,  G21K1/025

Abstract: A secondary collimator for an X-ray scattering device with horizontal plates and vertical plates arranged perpendicular thereto, the vertical plates being arranged parallel to one another and being inclined by a pre-determinable scattering angle to a transmission direction of an X-ray beam, and the horizontal plates being aligned fan-shaped onto a single point, namely to the X-ray source, and the horizontal plates with the vertical plates forming a rectangular grid with the vertical plates and being combined to form a collimator unit. Moreover, the invention relates to an X-ray scattering device for baggage check with an X-ray source, with a primary collimator which only lets through a fan beam, with a secondary collimator for projecting an area of an item of luggage and with a scattering detector, the secondary collimator being arranged between the item of luggage to be examined and the scattering detector and being developed as mentioned above.

Abstract translation: 用于具有与其垂直布置的水平板和垂直板的X射线散射装置的二次准直器，所述垂直板彼此平行地布置并且相对于X射线束的透射方向倾斜预定的散射角， 并且水平板被扇形对准到单个点，即X射线源，并且垂直板与垂直板形成矩形网格并被组合以形成准直器单元的水平板。 此外，本发明涉及一种用于具有X射线源的行李检查的X射线散射装置，具有仅允许通过扇形光束的主准直器，具有用于投射行李物品的区域的副准直器 散射检测器，二次准直器布置在待检查的行李物品与散射检测器之间并如上所述被开发。

公开(公告)号：US20080063146A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：US11531037

申请日：2006-09-12

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Johannes Paul Delfs

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Johannes Paul Delfs

IPC: G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G21K1/025 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: A method for developing a multi-focus primary collimator is described. The method includes extending a first beam from a first source via a collimator block to a first detector and determining a size of the first beam.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于开发多焦点主准直器的方法。 该方法包括将第一光束经由准直器块延伸到第一检测器并确定第一光束的尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US20080013688A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-17

申请号：US11484186

申请日：2006-07-11

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G21K1/025 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: A method for developing a primary collimator is described. The method includes placing a primary collimator element at an intersection of a first set of at least two beams.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于开发主准直器的方法。 该方法包括将主准直器元件放置在第一组至少两个光束的交叉点处。

公开(公告)号：US20070274451A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-29

申请号：US10599042

申请日：2005-03-21

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H02K44/06

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a magnetohydrodynamic pump 5 for a liquid-metal anode 1 of an X-ray source. It is provided according to the invention that it can be operated in at least two modes, wherein the first mode is a thawing mode in which the liquid metal 2 is melted in a line 3 of the liquid-metal anode 1, the second mode is an operating mode in which the liquid metal 2 is pumped through the line 3 and X-ray beams are produced. In addition, the invention relates to a liquid-metal anode 1 for an X-ray source with a liquid metal 2 which is located in a line 3, wherein an anode module 15 is inserted into the line 3 in the region of focus 4, with a pump 5 for circulating the liquid metal 2 in the line 3 and with a cooling system 6 for the liquid metal 2. According to the invention, such a liquid-metal anode 1 has a magnetohydrodynamic pump 5 as described above.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于操作用于X射线源的液金属阳极1的磁流体动力泵5的方法。 根据本发明提供的是，它可以以至少两种模式操作，其中第一模式是液态金属2在液态金属阳极1的管线3中熔化的解冻模式，第二模式是 制造液体金属2被泵送通过管线3和X射线束的操作模式。 另外，本发明涉及一种用于具有位于管线3中的液体金属2的X射线源的液体金属阳极1，其中阳极模块15在焦点4的区域中插入到管线3中， 具有用于使液体金属2在管线3中循环的泵5和用于液体金属2的冷却系统6.根据本发明，这种液态金属阳极1具有如上所述的磁流体动力泵5。

公开(公告)号：US20070258563A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-08

申请号：US10599420

申请日：2005-01-14

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding

IPC: H01J35/14

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/116 ,  H01J2235/082 ,  H01J2235/1279

Abstract: The invention relates to an anode module 1 for a liquid-metal anode X-ray source which has an electron entry window 3 in the region of focus 2. It is provided according to the invention that an X-ray beam exit window 4 lies opposite the electron entry window 3 of the anode module 1 and the exit angle Θ of the X-ray beams 7 between an electron beam 6 entering through the electron entry window 3 along the direction of incidence 5 and the X-ray beams 7 exiting through the X-ray beam exit window 4 is between 5° and 50°, in particular 15°. The invention also relates to an X-radiator with an electron source for the emission of electrons and a liquid-metal anode emitting X-ray beams 7 when the electrons strike, which has an anode module 1 with the above-named features.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于液金属阳极X射线源的阳极模块1，其在焦点2的区域中具有电子入口窗口3.根据本发明，本发明提供了一种X射线束出射窗口4相对 阳极模块1的电子入口窗口3和沿着入射方向5通过电子入口窗口3进入的电子束6之间的X射线束7的出射角θta和通过入射窗口3离开的X射线束7 X射线束出射窗4在5°和50°之间，特别是15°。 本发明还涉及具有用于发射电子的电子源的X辐射体和当电子撞击时发射X射线束7的液态金属阳极，其具有具有上述特征的阳极模块1。

公开(公告)号：US20060182217A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US10547588

申请日：2004-03-02

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens-Peter Schlomka ,  Gerhard Martens

IPC: G01N23/223 ,  G01T1/36

CPC classification number: A61B6/485 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/4092 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N2223/076

Abstract: The invention describes a method of generating metabolic images of an investigation region (3) of a body (1) by irradiating an X-ray fluorescence marker in that region and detecting the resulting X-ray fluorescence with a fluorescence detector (30). A fan beam (12) is used as a source of primary X-radiation, thus allowing the scanning of a whole body slice (3) in one step. The fluorescence image may be directly measured, e.g. by mapping voxels (104) of the investigation region onto pixels (134) of the detector (130) with the help of a pinhole collimator (132), or it may be reconstructed by procedures of computed tomography. Moreover, a morphological image may be generated by simultaneously recording X-ray transmission through the body (1).

Abstract translation: 本发明描述了通过在该区域中照射X射线荧光标记物并用荧光检测器（30）检测所得X射线荧光来产生身体（1）的调查区域（3）的代谢图像的方法。 扇形光束（12）被用作初级X辐射源，从而允许在一个步骤中扫描全身切片（3）。 可以直接测量荧光图像，例如。 通过借助于针孔准直器（132）将调查区域的体素（104）映射到检测器（130）的像素（134）上，或者可以通过计算机断层摄影的程序来重构。 此外，可以通过同时记录穿过身体（1）的X射线透射来产生形态学图像。

公开(公告)号：US20050281383A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-22

申请号：US11090445

申请日：2005-03-24

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Helmut Strecker ,  Dirk Kosciesza ,  Stephan Olesinski

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Helmut Strecker ,  Dirk Kosciesza ,  Stephan Olesinski

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G21K1/02

CPC classification number: G01N23/04 ,  G21K1/025

Abstract: A secondary collimator for an X-ray scattering device with horizontal plates and vertical plates arranged perpendicular thereto, the vertical plates being arranged parallel to one another and being inclined by a pre-determinable scattering angle to a transmission direction of an X-ray beam, and the horizontal plates being aligned fan-shaped onto a single point, namely to the X-ray source, and the horizontal plates with the vertical plates forming a rectangular grid with the vertical plates and being combined to form a collimator unit. Moreover, the invention relates to an X-ray scattering device for baggage check with an X-ray source, with a primary collimator which only lets through a fan beam, with a secondary collimator for projecting an area of an item of luggage and with a scattering detector, the secondary collimator being arranged between the item of luggage to be examined and the scattering detector and being developed as mentioned above.

Abstract translation: 用于具有与其垂直布置的水平板和垂直板的X射线散射装置的二次准直器，所述垂直板彼此平行地布置并且相对于X射线束的透射方向倾斜预定的散射角， 并且水平板被扇形对准到单个点，即X射线源，并且垂直板与垂直板形成矩形网格并被组合以形成准直器单元的水平板。 此外，本发明涉及一种用于具有X射线源的行李检查的X射线散射装置，具有仅允许通过扇形光束的主准直器，具有用于投射行李物品的区域的副准直器 散射检测器，二次准直器布置在待检查的行李物品与散射检测器之间并如上所述被开发。

公开(公告)号：US20050105689A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-19

申请号：US10506376

申请日：2003-02-19

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Volker Doormann ,  Bernd David

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Volker Doormann ,  Bernd David

IPC: H05G2/00 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J35/22

CPC classification number: H01J35/18 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/082

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating X-rays (31). The device has a source (5) for emitting electrons (27) accommodated in a vacuum space (3). The X-rays are emitted by a liquid metal as a result of the incidence of the electrons. The liquid metal flows through a constriction (13) where the electrons emitted by the source impinge upon the liquid metal. The constriction is bounded by a thin window (23), which is made from a material which is transparent to electrons and X-rays and which separates the liquid metal in the constriction from the vacuum space. According to the invention, the constriction (13) has a cross-sectional area which, seen in a main flow direction (X), increases in such a manner that during operation in said direction, a decrease of a flow velocity takes place such that a decrease of a pressure of the liquid metal in the constriction in said direction, caused by viscous flow losses, substantially corresponds with an increase of said pressure in said direction, which is caused by the Bernoulli effect resulting from said increase of the velocity. As a result, the pressure of the liquid metal in the constriction can be maintained at a uniform relatively low level throughout the constriction, so that a uniform and relatively low mechanical load is exerted on the window during operation. In this way, the deformation of the window and the risk of breakage of the window are considerably limited.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于产生X射线的装置（31）。 该装置具有用于发射容纳在真空空间（3）中的电子（27）的源（5）。 由于电子的入射，X射线被液态金属发射。 液体金属流过收缩部（13），其中由源发射的电子撞击液态金属。 收缩线由薄的窗口（23）限定，薄的窗口（23）由对电子和X射线透明的材料制成，并且将收缩部中的液态金属与真空空间分开。 根据本发明，收缩部（13）具有从主流动方向（X）看到的横截面积，以这样的方式增加，即在所述方向的操作期间，发生流速的降低，使得 由粘性流动损失引起的在所述方向上的收缩部分中的液态金属的压力的降低基本上对应于由所述速度的增加引起的伯努利效应引起的所述方向上的所述压力的增加。 结果，收缩部中的液态金属的压力可以在整个收缩部中保持在均匀的相对较低的水平，使得在操作期间在窗口上施加均匀且相对较低的机械载荷。 以这种方式，窗口的变形和窗口破裂的风险受到相当的限制。

公开(公告)号：US06744845B2

公开(公告)日：2004-06-01

申请号：US10114766

申请日：2002-04-03

Applicant: Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens Peter Schlomka

Inventor： Geoffrey Harding ,  Jens Peter Schlomka

IPC: G21K112

CPC classification number: A61B6/483 ,  A61B6/032 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

Abstract: The invention relates to a computed tomography apparatus which includes a scanning unit which is rotatable, relative to an examination zone (13), around an axis of rotation (14) which extends through the examination zone (13), and also includes a radiation source (S) for generating a primary fan beam (41) which traverses the examination zone (13), and a two-dimensional detector array (D) which includes a plurality of detector elements and a part of the measuring surface of which detects primary radiation from the primary fan beam (41) whereas an other part of its measuring surface detects scattered radiation produced in the examination zone (13). In order to avoid reconstruction artefacts as much as possible in a computed tomography apparatus of this kind, in accordance with the invention it is proposed to arrange a modulation unit (33) between the radiation source (S) and the examination zone (13) in order to realize a temporally and spatially periodic modulation of the primary fan beam (41).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种计算机断层摄影装置，其包括扫描单元，该扫描单元围绕延伸穿过检查区（13）的旋转轴线（14）相对于检查区（13）可旋转，并且还包括辐射源 （S），用于产生穿过检查区（13）的主风扇光束（41）;以及二维检测器阵列（D），其包括多个检测器元件，并且其测量表面的一部分检测主辐射 来自主扇形光束（41），而其测量表面的另一部分检测在检查区（13）中产生的散射辐射。 为了在这种计算机断层摄影装置中尽可能地避免重建伪影，根据本发明，提出了在辐射源（S）和检查区（13）之间布置调制单元（33） 以实现主风扇光束（41）的时间和空间周期性调制。