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公开(公告)号：US20110304318A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：US13101910
申请日：2011-05-05
IPC分类号： G01R23/16
CPC分类号： G01R31/2841 , G01R27/32
摘要： A system is provided using one or more shocklines or non-linear transmission lines (NLTLs) to extend the bandwidth of an RF signal source. Extension of the RF bandwidth is achieved by means of multiplexing as well as frequency scaling. Frequency scaling tailors the performance of each NLTL for operation in a particular output frequency band(s) by adjusting the varactor spacing in the NLTL. Multiplexing amalgamates the output frequency bands of one or more NLTLs, thus resulting in a broad output frequency range.
摘要翻译： 使用一个或多个冲击线或非线性传输线（NLTL）提供系统以扩展RF信号源的带宽。 通过多路复用和频率缩放来实现RF带宽的扩展。 频率定标通过调整NLTL中的变容二极管间距来调整每个NLTL的性能，以便在特定输出频带中进行操作。 多路复用将一个或多个NLTL的输出频带合并，从而导致广泛的输出频率范围。
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12.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080094072A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-24
申请号：US11853716
申请日：2007-09-11
IPC分类号： G01R27/32
摘要： A system for measuring a frequency response of an electrical network, comprises a signal source, a signal source path, a reflectometer receiver interactively associated with the signal source path by a directional coupler, and one or more additional reflectometer receivers arranged in series along the signal source path and associated with the signal source path by one or more respective additional directional couplers. The directional coupler and one or more respective additional directional couplers operate at different frequency ranges.
摘要翻译： 用于测量电网的频率响应的系统包括信号源，信号源路径，与定向耦合器与信号源路径交互地相关联的反射计接收器，以及沿信号串联布置的一个或多个附加反射计接收器 源路径并且由一个或多个相应的附加定向耦合器与信号源路径相关联。 定向耦合器和一个或多个相应的附加定向耦合器在不同的频率范围内工作。
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13.发明授权Enhanced isolation level between sampling channels in a vector network analyzer 有权增强矢量网络分析仪中采样通道之间的隔离度公开(公告)号：US07088111B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US10435448
申请日：2003-05-09
CPC分类号： G01R27/32
摘要： A system and method for providing improved isolation between sampling channels in a vector network analyzer and sampling circuit. A vector network analyzer sampling channel includes a non-linear transmission line, an isolation device, a band-pass filter, and a sampler. The nonlinear transmission line receives a continuous-wave driving signal and generates a shockwave from which a pulse signal is generated. The pulse signal is used to gate the sampler and thus sample an RF signal. The isolation device and band-pass filter provide reverse isolation for RF signals traveling in the reverse direction within the channel and prevent RF signal leakage between vector network analyzer channels. The isolation device may include an isolator, amplifier or other reverse isolation device, and is used in conjunction with a band-pass filter. The band-pass filter is used to pass a frequency band for driving the non-linear transmission line. The stop-bands of the band-pass filter are used to prevent the RF leakage signal from reaching other sampling channels.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在矢量网络分析仪和采样电路中提取采样通道之间改进隔离的系统和方法。 矢量网络分析器采样通道包括非线性传输线，隔离装置，带通滤波器和采样器。 非线性传输线接收连续波驱动信号并产生产生脉冲信号的冲击波。 脉冲信号用于对采样器进行选通，从而对RF信号进行采样。 隔离器件和带通滤波器为通道内反向传播的RF信号提供反向隔离，并防止矢量网络分析仪通道之间的RF信号泄漏。 隔离装置可以包括隔离器，放大器或其它反向隔离装置，并且与带通滤波器结合使用。 带通滤波器用于通过用于驱动非线性传输线的频带。 带通滤波器的阻带用于防止RF泄漏信号到达其他采样通道。
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14.发明授权Monolithic nonlinear transmission lines and sampling circuits with reduced shock-wave-to-surface-wave coupling 有权具有减小的冲击波对地波耦合的单片非线性传输线和采样电路公开(公告)号：US06894581B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-17
申请号：US10439563
申请日：2003-05-16
CPC分类号： H01P3/003
摘要： A monolithic non-linear transmission line and sampling circuit with reduced shock-wave-to-surface-wave coupling are presented herein. In coplanar-waveguide (CPW) technology, this reduced coupling is achieved by selecting properly the thickness of the semiconductor substrate, and by elevating the center conductor of the CPW above the substrate surface. The elevated center conductor is supported by means of conducting posts, and may be backed by a low-loss dielectric such as polyimide or silicon nitride. In coplanar-strip (CPS) technology, the reduction in coupling between shock waves and surface waves is achieved by controlling the substrate thickness as in the CPW case, and by elevating the coplanar strips above the substrate surface. The elevated strips are supported by a low-loss dielectric. The reduced coupling in both guiding media enhances the high-frequency performance of nonlinear-transmission-line-based circuits. The semiconductor devices loading the CPW or CPS transmission lines may be Schottky diodes or some other type of variable-reactance device.
摘要翻译： 本文提出了具有减小的冲击波对表面波耦合的单片非线性传输线和采样电路。 在共面波导（CPW）技术中，通过适当地选择半导体衬底的厚度，并通过将衬底表面上方的CPW的中心导体升高来实现这种减小的耦合。 升高的中心导体通过导柱支撑，并且可以由诸如聚酰亚胺或氮化硅的低损耗电介质支撑。 在共面条（CPS）技术中，冲击波和表面波之间的耦合减少是通过控制基板厚度来实现的，如在CPW情况下，并且通过将共面条提升到基板表面之上。 升高的条带由低损耗电介质支撑。 两种导向介质中的减少耦合增强了非线性传输线路电路的高频性能。 加载CPW或CPS传输线的半导体器件可以是肖特基二极管或一些其它类型的可变电抗器件。
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15.发明授权Vector network analyzer having multiplexed reflectometers for improved directivity 有权矢量网络分析仪具有多路反射计，以提高方向性公开(公告)号：US08278944B1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-02
申请号：US12847100
申请日：2010-07-30
IPC分类号： G01R27/00
CPC分类号： G01R27/04
摘要： A vector network analyzer (VNA) in accordance with the present invention for measuring a frequency response of a device under test (DUT) includes a signal source, a port, a signal path connecting the port and the signal source, and a reflectometer receiver that when activated taps onto the signal path within a primary frequency range. The port is adapted to be electrically connected with the DUT while disconnected from a frequency-extension module or electrically connected to the DUT with the frequency-extension module serially connected between the port and the DUT. When the port is electrically connected with the DUT and electrically disconnected from the frequency-extension module, the reflectometer receiver is active so that the frequency response of the DUT is measureable within the primary frequency range using the reflectometer receiver and the signal source. When the port is electrically connected with the DUT in series with the frequency-extension module, the reflectometer receiver is deactivated so that the frequency response of the DUT is measureable within a extension frequency range wider than and substantially overlapping the primary frequency range using the frequency-extension module and the signal source.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的用于测量被测器件（DUT）的频率响应的矢量网络分析器（VNA）包括信号源，端口，连接端口和信号源的信号路径以及反射计接收器， 当激活的点击到主频率范围内的信号路径时。 该端口适于在与频率扩展模块断开连接的情况下与DUT电连接或电连接到DUT，且频率扩展模块串行连接在端口和DUT之间。 当端口与DUT电连接并与频率扩展模块电气断开时，反射计接收器是有效的，使得DUT的频率响应可以在主频率范围内使用反射计接收器和信号源进行测量。 当端口与DUT与扩展模块串联电连接时，反射计接收器被去激活，使得DUT的频率响应可以在比主频率范围宽的和基本上与主频率范围重叠的扩展频率范围内使用频率 - 扩展模块和信号源。
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公开(公告)号：US20110306314A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：US12813337
申请日：2010-06-10
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/2841 , G01R27/32
摘要： A high-frequency VNA system is provided using non-linear transmission line (NLTL or shockline) based samplers configured to provide scalable operation characteristics. Scaling to adjust noise performance vs. frequency is accomplished as follows: (1) increasing or decreasing the fall time of a shockline's output voltage waveform. This is accomplished by changing the number of Schottky varactors in a shockline, as well as changing the shockline's Bragg cutoff frequency by setting the spacing between Schottky varactors; (2) changing the structure of the pulse-forming network connected with the sampler by changing the length of the differentiator arms in the sampler pulse-forming network; and (3) changing the LO signal frequency applied to the shockline. Multiple NLTL based samplers are multiplexed to form a broadband reflectometer with the multiplexing circuitry selectively connecting one of the NLTL based sampler segments at a time to allow user selection of a desired performance vs. frequency response for each segment.
摘要翻译： 使用基于非线性传输线（NLTL或冲击线）的采样器提供高频VNA系统，其被配置为提供可扩展的操作特性。 调整噪声性能与频率的比例可达到以下几点：（1）增加或减少冲击线输出电压波形的下降时间。 这是通过改变冲击线中肖特基变容二极管的数量，以及通过设置肖特基变容二极管之间的间距来改变冲击线的布拉格截止频率来实现的。 （2）通过改变采样器脉冲形成网络中的微分器臂的长度来改变与取样器连接的脉冲形成网络的结构; 和（3）改变施加到冲击线的LO信号频率。 多个基于NLTL的采样器被多路复用以形成宽带反射计，多路复用电路一次有选择地连接一个基于NLTL的采样器段，以允许用户选择每个段的期望性能与频率响应。
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公开(公告)号：US08027390B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-27
申请号：US12132427
申请日：2008-06-03
IPC分类号： H04B3/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/0483
摘要： A system to extend an operating bandwidth of a signal generator comprises a signal generator, an output port, a first transmission line extending between the signal generator and the output port, a mixer adapted to receive a first signal from the signal generator, a local oscillator adapted to provide a second signal to the mixer to beat against the first signal, a second transmission line extending from the mixer to transmit a plurality of output signals of the mixer, and one or more channels couplable between the first transmission line and the second transmission line. The one or more channels include a first coupler having a length adapted to couple one or more of the output signals within a band of frequencies from the second transmission line to the channel, a second coupler having a length adapted to couple the one or more of the output signals from the channel to the first transmission line, and a filter arranged between the first coupler and the second coupler.
摘要翻译： 扩展信号发生器的工作带宽的系统包括信号发生器，输出端口，在信号发生器和输出端口之间延伸的第一传输线，适于从信号发生器接收第一信号的混频器，本地振荡器 适于向所述混频器提供第二信号以对抗所述第一信号，从所述混频器延伸以传输所述混频器的多个输出信号的第二传输线，以及可在所述第一传输线和所述第二传输之间耦合的一个或多个信道 线。 所述一个或多个通道包括第一耦合器，其具有适于将频率范围内的一个或多个输出信号从所述第二传输线耦合到所述通道的长度;第二耦合器，具有适于将所述一个或多个 从所述通道到所述第一传输线的输出信号，以及布置在所述第一耦合器和所述第二耦合器之间的滤波器。
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18.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07683633B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-23
申请号：US11853716
申请日：2007-09-11
IPC分类号： G01R27/00
摘要： A system for measuring a frequency response of an electrical network includes a signal source, a signal source path, a reflectometer receiver interactively associated with the signal source path by a directional coupler, and one or more additional reflectometer receivers arranged in series along the signal source path and associated with the signal source path by one or more respective additional directional couplers. The directional coupler and one or more respective additional directional couplers operate at different frequency ranges.
摘要翻译： 用于测量电网的频率响应的系统包括信号源，信号源路径，与定向耦合器与信号源路径交互地相关联的反射计接收器，以及沿信号源串联布置的一个或多个附加反射计接收器 路径并且通过一个或多个相应的附加定向耦合器与信号源路径相关联。 定向耦合器和一个或多个相应的附加定向耦合器在不同的频率范围内工作。
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19.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090296829A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12132427
申请日：2008-06-03
IPC分类号： H04B1/66
CPC分类号： H04B1/0483
摘要： A system to extend an operating bandwidth of a signal generator comprises a signal generator, an output port, a first transmission line extending between the signal generator and the output port, a mixer adapted to receive a first signal from the signal generator, a local oscillator adapted to provide a second signal to the mixer to beat against the first signal, a second transmission line extending from the mixer to transmit a plurality of output signals of the mixer, and one or more channels couplable between the first transmission line and the second transmission line. The one or more channels include a first coupler having a length adapted to couple one or more of the output signals within a band of frequencies from the second transmission line to the channel, a second coupler having a length adapted to couple the one or more of the output signals from the channel to the first transmission line, and a filter arranged between the first coupler and the second coupler.
摘要翻译： 扩展信号发生器的工作带宽的系统包括信号发生器，输出端口，在信号发生器和输出端口之间延伸的第一传输线，适于从信号发生器接收第一信号的混频器，本地振荡器 适于向所述混频器提供第二信号以对抗所述第一信号，从所述混频器延伸以传输所述混频器的多个输出信号的第二传输线，以及可在所述第一传输线和所述第二传输之间耦合的一个或多个信道 线。 所述一个或多个通道包括第一耦合器，其具有适于将频率范围内的一个或多个输出信号从所述第二传输线耦合到所述通道的长度;第二耦合器，具有适于将所述一个或多个 从所述通道到所述第一传输线的输出信号，以及布置在所述第一耦合器和所述第二耦合器之间的滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US20090098847A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11873169
申请日：2007-10-16
IPC分类号： H04B1/10
CPC分类号： G01R23/16
摘要： A spectrum analyzer is provided with frequency-scalable circuit architectures that extend the bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer using an array of couplers. The array of couplers is distributed along the RF signal path at one end, and interfaced to one or more frequency-translation devices such as mixers or samplers at the other. In a first architecture, a single mixer is employed with an LO signal applied to one input and coupler outputs providing RF signals to another input, with switching controlled to select one coupler's RF output to provide to the mixer. In a second architecture, a separate mixer is used, one for each coupler RF signal, with switches selecting one of the mixer IF outputs to select a desired output frequency. Both the first and second embodiments eliminate switching and its associated loss and frequency limitations from the main RF signal path to enable wideband high-dynamic-range spectrum analysis.
摘要翻译： 频谱分析仪具有频率可升级的电路架构，可使用耦合器阵列扩展频谱分析仪的带宽。 耦合器阵列在一端沿着RF信号路径分布，并且在另一端与一个或多个频率转换装置（例如混频器或采样器）相连。 在第一架构中，使用单个混频器，其中LO信号施加到一个输入端，耦合器输出向另一个输入端提供RF信号，开关控制选择一个耦合器的RF输出以提供给混频器。 在第二架构中，使用单独的混频器，一个用于每个耦合器RF信号，开关选择混频器IF输出之一以选择期望的输出频率。 第一和第二实施例都从主RF信号路径消除了切换及其相关联的损耗和频率限制，以实现宽带高动态范围频谱分析。
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