公开(公告)号：US5419830A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US102675

申请日：1993-08-05

申请人： Tai-Sheng Chou ,  Nai Y. Chen ,  Grant G. Karsner ,  Clinton R. Kennedy ,  Rene B. LaPierre ,  Melcon G. Melconian ,  Richard J. Quann ,  Stephen S. Wong

发明人： Tai-Sheng Chou ,  Nai Y. Chen ,  Grant G. Karsner ,  Clinton R. Kennedy ,  Rene B. LaPierre ,  Melcon G. Melconian ,  Richard J. Quann ,  Stephen S. Wong

IPC分类号： C10G45/64 ,  C10G47/16 ,  C10G47/36

CPC分类号： C10G45/64 ,  C10G47/16 ,  C10G47/36 ,  Y10S208/01

摘要： Nitrogenous compounds especially bases such as ammonia vapor are used to control the operation of a hydrocracker or catalytic dewaxer. Catalyst activity and selectivity may be controlled by addition of the base to the feed, for example, to control the balance between isomerization and hydrocracking in an operation using a zeolite beta catalyst. Runaway conditions may be controlled by the addition of nitrogenous compounds to regulate the temperature profile within the reactor.

摘要翻译： 氮化合物尤其是碱例如氨蒸汽用于控制加氢裂化器或催化脱蜡机的运行。 催化剂活性和选择性可以通过向进料添加碱来控制，例如在使用沸石β催化剂的操作中控制异构化和加氢裂化之间的平衡。 失控条件可以通过加入含氮化合物来控制，以调节反应器内的温度分布。

公开(公告)号：US4589356A

公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

申请号：US768269

申请日：1985-08-22

申请人： Terry N. Adams ,  Robert M. Spurrell ,  Grant G. Karsner ,  Gregory P. Golike ,  James F. L. Lincoln

发明人： Terry N. Adams ,  Robert M. Spurrell ,  Grant G. Karsner ,  Gregory P. Golike ,  James F. L. Lincoln

IPC分类号： F23G5/02 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23D1/00

CPC分类号： F23K1/00 ,  F23G5/02

摘要： The present invention relates to the recovery of heat values from biomass materials such as wood waste or peat. Wood waste or "hog fuel" from the forest industries is of particular interest. It has been discovered that this material can be burned with no fossil fuel support in an air suspension-type burner without the need to finely pulverize the full fuel stream. One portion of the biomass fuel stream is ground so that it is less than 100 .mu.m in diameter. This fine portion serves as an ignition component and should comprise about 20% of the total heating value of the fuel, using a conventional air suspension burner, or 10% of the total heating value using a staged burner, when the burners are operated at full load. The balance of the fuel can be of much larger particle size. This can be up to about 10 mm or even greater in maximum dimension if used with a grate equipped boiler. If the boiler lacks a grate, the principle fuel component should not exceed about 1 mm in thickness and 4 mm in any other dimension if carryover is to be avoided. A key aspect of the invention is the discovery that the total amount of ignition fuel component should be maintained constant regardless of burner load. The principal fuel component is modulated to accommodate load swings. Thus, at lower loads a higher percentage of the total heat energy is derived from the ignition fuel component.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从木材废料或泥煤等生物质材料回收热量。 森林工业的木材废料或“猪肉燃料”特别令人感兴趣。 已经发现，这种材料可以在空气悬浮式燃烧器中没有化石燃料支持物燃烧，而不需要对全部燃料流进行细粉碎。 一部分生物质燃料流被研磨成直径小于100微米。 当燃烧器完全运行时，该细小部分用作点火组件，并且应使用常规空气悬架燃烧器占燃料总热值的约20％，或使用分段式燃烧器的总热值的10％ 加载。 燃料的平衡可以大得多的粒径。 如果与装有炉排的锅炉一起使用，最大尺寸可以达到约10mm或甚至更大。 如果锅炉缺乏炉排，如果要避免残留物，则主要燃料组分的厚度不应超过约1mm，任何其他尺寸为4mm。 本发明的一个关键方面是发现，不管燃烧器负载如何，点燃燃料组分的总量应该保持恒定。 主要的燃料成分被调制以适应负载摆动。 因此，在较低的负载下，总的热能的百分比高于点燃燃料组分。

公开(公告)号：US4162213A

公开(公告)日：1979-07-24

申请号：US931574

申请日：1978-08-07

申请人： Fred S. Zrinscak, Sr. ,  Grant G. Karsner

发明人： Fred S. Zrinscak, Sr. ,  Grant G. Karsner

IPC分类号： B01J38/32 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G69/04 ,  C10G11/04 ,  B01J8/24

CPC分类号： C10G11/18 ,  C10G69/04 ,  B01J38/32 ,  Y10S502/521

摘要： Metal-contaminated oils, including mildly hydrotreated residual oils, are catalytically cracked in the absence of added hydrogen in a fluid catalytic cracking process wherein the regenerated catalyst has less than about 0.05 wt. % residual carbon. By conducting regeneration of the catalyst to that level at 1300.degree. to 1400.degree. F. (preferably at about 1350.degree. F.) with excess air, additional benefits are realized in that metal deposited on the catalyst by cracking of residual stocks is thereby passivated.

摘要翻译： 金属污染的油，包括温和加氢处理的残油，在流化催化裂化过程中不存在加入氢的情况下被催化裂化，其中再生催化剂具有小于约0.05wt。 ％残留碳。 通过在1300-1400°F（优选约1350°F）下用过量空气进行催化剂的再生，实现了另外的益处，因为通过裂化残余原料而沉积在催化剂上的金属被钝化。