摘要:
A phase-control power controller converts a line voltage to an RMS load voltage and includes a phase-control clipping circuit that clips a load voltage to provide the RMS load voltage. The power controller may be in a base of a lamp and connected to a lamp terminal. The phase-clipping circuit establishes a phase conduction angle that determines the RMS load voltage for the lamp and includes a transistor switch and a microcontroller that operates the transistor switch, where ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch define the phase conduction angle. The microcontroller senses a load voltage at the lamp terminal, compares the sensed load voltage to a reference RMS voltage, and adjusts the ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch in response to the comparison to cause the load voltage to approach the reference RMS voltage. The circuit may be used for reverse, forward, or forward/reverse hybrid phase clipping.
摘要:
A method of operating a power controller that converts a line voltage to an RMS load voltage includes a soft start in which a duty cycle of a pulse width modulation circuit is gradually increased to a steady state value that defines the RMS load voltage. The controller has a circuit with a time-based signal source that triggers conduction independently of line voltage magnitude and a transistor switch whose gate receives signals from the time-based signal source to trigger the circuit. When starting the power controller, a microcontroller increases the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation circuit in plural steps to provide the soft start.
摘要:
A 3-way halogen lamp selectively generates different first, second, and third light levels. A first terminal on the lamp base receives a first input voltage waveform when the first terminal is connected to a power source. A second terminal on the lamp base receives a second input voltage waveform when the second terminal is connected to the power source. A rectifier circuit is connected to the first terminal for receiving the first input voltage waveform and rectifying the first input voltage waveform to generate a first load voltage waveform. A switching circuit is connected to the second terminal for receiving the second input voltage waveform and phase clipping the second input voltage waveform to generate a second load voltage waveform. A single filament is connected to the rectifier circuit and the switching circuit, and is housed in a halogen capsule attached to the lamp base.
摘要:
An incandescent lamp may be formed from a shell having an exterior side and an interior side defining a cavity, and with an internal wall defining a through passage extending from the exterior side to the interior side. A light source is located in the cavity facing the interior side, and coupled to electric lamp leads extending through the passage. A heat radiator assembly is adjacent the exterior side, and includes heat-dissipating surfaces exposed to air. An integral power supply is enclosed in the heat radiator assembly and electrically connected to the light source through the electric lamp leads. A threaded base having exterior electrical contact points is electrically connected through base leads to the integral power supply. The shell, radiator assembly and base are mechanically coupled as a unit. A lens may cover the shell to enclose the cavity and light source.
摘要:
A lamp (10) includes an envelope (12) having a body (14) with a light source capsule (16) contained therein and ending in a hollow base (18) that terminates in a conical end (20). A circuit board (22) is positioned within the hollow base (18) and includes a triangular portion (24) that is closely fitted within the conical end (20). A temperature sensitive, voltage reducing component (28a) is positioned near the apex (30) of the triangular portion (24).
摘要:
A lamp includes a lamp voltage conversion circuit within a base and connected to a lamp terminal. The lamp voltage conversion circuit includes a phase-clipping circuit connected to the lamp terminal and establishing a phase conduction angle that determines an RMS load voltage for the lamp. The phase-clipping circuit includes a transistor switch and a microcontroller that operates the transistor switch, wherein ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch define the phase conduction angle. The microcontroller is arranged and adapted to sense a load voltage at the lamp terminal and to compare the sensed load voltage to a reference RMS voltage and to adjust the ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch in response to the comparison to cause the load voltage to approach the reference RMS voltage.
摘要:
A phase-control power controller converts a line voltage to an RMS load voltage and includes a phase-control clipping circuit that clips a load voltage to provide the RMS load voltage. The power controller may be in a base of a lamp and connected to a lamp terminal. The phase-clipping circuit establishes a phase conduction angle that determines the RMS load voltage for the lamp and includes a transistor switch and a microcontroller that operates the transistor switch, where ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch define the phase conduction angle. The microcontroller senses a load voltage at the lamp terminal, compares the sensed load voltage to a reference RMS voltage, and adjusts the ON/OFF periods of the transistor switch in response to the comparison to cause the load voltage to approach the reference RMS voltage. The circuit may be used for reverse, forward, or forward/reverse hybrid phase clipping.
摘要:
An incandescent lamp includes a lamp voltage conversion circuit within the lamp and connected to a lamp terminal, where the voltage conversion circuit converts a first line voltage at the lamp terminal to a second RMS load voltage usable by a light emitting element of the lamp. The voltage conversion circuit includes a triac phase-controlled dimming circuit, which in turn includes a hysteresis control network. The voltage conversion circuit may be an integrated circuit that is in the lamp base and connected between the lamp terminal and the light emitting element. The triac phase-controlled dimming circuit may be built for a specific line voltage.
摘要:
A tungsten-halogen lamp having a tubular envelope of quartz or high silica glass has a press-seal at one end which is reduced in width by the removal of right-angled sections from opposite lower corners of the press. The lamp further includes a ceramic base having a slot with closed ends for accommodating the reduced width portion of the press-seal.
摘要:
An incandescent lamp includes a lamp voltage conversion circuit within the lamp and connected to a lamp terminal, where the voltage conversion circuit converts a first line voltage at the lamp terminal to a second RMS load voltage usable by a light emitting element of the lamp. The voltage conversion circuit includes a triac phase-controlled dimming circuit, which in turn includes a voltage controlled resistor (VCR) that varies a resistance in the phase-controlled dimming circuit as the first voltage varies so as to maintain the second voltage substantially constant. The VCR may be a junction field effect transistor VCR. The voltage conversion circuit may be an integrated circuit that is in the lamp base and connected between the lamp terminal and the light emitting element.