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    Processes and systems to enhance illumination and resolution of seismic images using multiple reflected wavefields
    14.
    发明授权
    Processes and systems to enhance illumination and resolution of seismic images using multiple reflected wavefields 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11092708B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-08-17

    申请号：US16350083

    申请日：2018-09-21

    Applicant: PGS Geophysical AS

    Inventor： Shaoping Lu ,  Faqi Liu ,  Alejandro A. Valenciano Mavilio ,  Nizar Chemingui

    IPC: G01V1/34 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/30 ,  G01V1/28

    Abstract: This disclosure describes processes and systems for generating a seismic image of a subterranean formation from recorded seismic data gathers obtained in a marine seismic survey of the subterranean formation. The seismic data comprises recorded pressure and vertical velocity wavefields that are used to separate the recorded pressure wavefield into upgoing and downgoing pressure wavefields. A seismic image is computed from the subterranean formation based on a product of the downgoing pressure wavefield and a migration operator applied to the upgoing pressure wavefield. The downgoing pressure wavefield is a boundary source wavefield and the upgoing pressure wavefield is boundary receiver wavefield of the migration operator. The seismic image is iteratively updated by computing a residual seismic image based on the upgoing pressure wavefield and adding the residual seismic image to the seismic image. The final seismic image displays increased illumination and reduced crosstalk artifacts compared to conventional seismic imaging techniques.

    WAVEFIELD INTERPOLATION AND REGULARIZATION IN IMAGING OF MULTIPLE REFLECTION ENERGY
    17.
    发明申请
    WAVEFIELD INTERPOLATION AND REGULARIZATION IN IMAGING OF MULTIPLE REFLECTION ENERGY 审中-公开
    波形插值和多重反射能量成像中的正则化

    公开(公告)号：US20170059730A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-03-02

    申请号：US15238460

    申请日：2016-08-16

    Applicant: PGS Geophysical AS

    Inventor： Shaoping Lu ,  Norman Daniel Whitmore, JR. ,  Alejandro Antonio Valenciano Mavilio ,  Nizar Chemingui

    IPC: G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/32 ,  G01V1/38

    CPC classification number: G01V1/36 ,  G01V1/32 ,  G01V1/364 ,  G01V1/38 ,  G01V2210/1423 ,  G01V2210/144 ,  G01V2210/24 ,  G01V2210/44 ,  G01V2210/45 ,  G01V2210/56 ,  G01V2210/57

    Abstract: Methods and systems of generating seismic images from primaries and multiples are described. Methods separate pressure data into up-going pressure data and down-going pressure data from pressure data and vertical velocity data. Irregularly spaced receiver coordinates of the down-going and up-going pressure data are regularized to grid points of a migration grid and interpolation is used to fill in down-going and up-going pressure data at grid points of the migration grid. A seismic image is calculated at grid points of the migration grid based on the interpolated and regularized down-going pressure data and the interpolated and regularized up-going pressure data. The seismic images are high-resolution, have lower signal-to-noise ratio than seismic images generated by other methods, and have reduced acquisition artifacts and crosstalk effects.

    Abstract translation: 描述了从原始和倍数生成地震图像的方法和系统。 可以将压力数据从压力数据和垂直速度数据中分离为上次压力数据和下行压力数据。 下行和上行压力数据的不规则间隔的接收器坐标正规化到移动网格的网格点，并且内插用于填充移动网格的网格点处的下行和上行的压力数据。 基于内插和正则化的下行压力数据和内插和正则化的上行压力数据，在移动网格的网格点处计算地震图像。 地震图像是高分辨率的，具有比其他方法产生的地震图像更低的信噪比，并且减少了采集伪影和串扰效应。

    DETERMINING ANGLE GATHERS FROM INVERSION OF VELOCITY AND REFLECTIVITY OF A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION
    18.
    发明公开
    DETERMINING ANGLE GATHERS FROM INVERSION OF VELOCITY AND REFLECTIVITY OF A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20240310540A1

    公开(公告)日：2024-09-19

    申请号：US18600002

    申请日：2024-03-08

    Applicant: PGS Geophysical AS

    Inventor： Yang Yang ,  Nizar Chemingui ,  Norman Daniel Whitmore, JR. ,  Jaime Ramos-Martinez

    IPC: G01V1/28 ,  G01V1/30 ,  G01V1/38

    CPC classification number: G01V1/282 ,  G01V1/303 ,  G01V1/306 ,  G01V1/3808

    Abstract: Methods and systems described herein are directed to determining properties of a subterranean formation using an acoustic wave-equation in terms of a velocity model and a vector reflectivity model of the subterranean formation. The acoustic wave equation may be used with simultaneous inversion to simultaneously build velocity and pre-stack reflectivity in the form of angle gathers of a subterranean formation. The velocity and angle gathers may be employed for quantitative interpretation. The velocity and vector reflectivity may be employed to determine relative impedance and relative density of the subterranean formation for prospectivity assessment. The acoustic wave equation may extend into the angle domain to build angle gathers of the subterranean formation with enhanced resolution and amplitude fidelity. The velocity, angle gathers, and vector reflectivity reveal the structure and lithology of features of the subterranean formation and may reveal the presence of oil and natural gas reservoirs.

    Highly-sparse seabed acquisition designs adapted for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production
    19.
    发明授权
    Highly-sparse seabed acquisition designs adapted for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11604297B2

    公开(公告)日：2023-03-14

    申请号：US17237435

    申请日：2021-04-22

    Applicant: PGS Geophysical AS

    Inventor： Didier B. P. Lecerf ,  Nizar Chemingui

    IPC: G01V1/20 ,  G01V1/38

    Abstract: Disclosed are advantageous designs for highly-sparse seabed acquisition for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production using sea surface reflections. The highly-sparse geometry designs may be adapted for imaging techniques using the primary and higher orders of sea surface reflection and may advantageously allow for the use of significantly fewer sensors than conventional seabed acquisition. The highly-sparse geometry designs may be relevant to 3D imaging, as well as 4D (“time-lapse”) imaging (where the fourth dimension is time). In accordance with embodiments of the invention, geophysical sensors may be arranged on a seabed to form an array of cells. Each cell in the array may have an interior region that contains no geophysical sensors and may be sufficiently large in area such that a 500 meter diameter circle may be inscribed therein.

    Highly-sparse seabed acquisition designs adapted for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production
    20.
    发明授权
    Highly-sparse seabed acquisition designs adapted for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11016208B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-05-25

    申请号：US15152175

    申请日：2016-05-11

    Applicant: PGS Geophysical AS

    Inventor： Didier B. P. Lecerf ,  Nizar Chemingui

    IPC: G01V1/20 ,  G01V1/38

    Abstract: Disclosed are advantageous designs for highly-sparse seabed acquisition for imaging geological structure and/or monitoring reservoir production using sea surface reflections. The highly-sparse geometry designs may be adapted for imaging techniques using the primary and higher orders of sea surface reflection and may advantageously allow for the use of significantly fewer sensors than conventional seabed acquisition. The highly-sparse geometry designs may be relevant to 3D imaging, as well as 4D (“time-lapse”) imaging (where the fourth dimension is time). In accordance with embodiments of the invention, geophysical sensors may be arranged on a seabed to form an array of cells. Each cell in the array may have an interior region that contains no geophysical sensors and may be sufficiently large in area such that a 500 meter diameter circle may be inscribed therein.

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