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公开(公告)号：US6068054A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US290518
申请日：1999-04-12
申请人： James R. Bragg
发明人： James R. Bragg
CPC分类号： C09K8/82 , C09K8/26 , C09K8/502 , C09K8/58 , E21B43/16 , E21B43/32 , Y10S507/904 , Y10S507/937
摘要： The disclosed invention provides a method for recovering hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation by injecting an emulsion, comprising oil and water, into the formation. More specifically, the emulsion is stabilized using undissolved solid particles, which are preferably at least partially oleophilic. The solids-stabilized emulsion may be used either as a drive fluid for displacing hydrocarbons from the formation or to produce a barrier for diverting flow of fluids in the formation. Such solid particles may be either formation solid particles (i.e., indigenous to the formation) or nonformation solid particles (i.e., obtained from outside the formation). Nonformation solid particles may either be naturally occurring or synthetic. Some preferred solids include clays, quartz, feldspar, gypsum, coal dust, asphaltenes, and polymers.
摘要翻译： 所公开的发明提供了一种通过将包含油和水的乳液注入到地层中从地层中回收烃的方法。 更具体地，使用未溶解的固体颗粒来稳定乳液，固体颗粒优选至少部分为亲油的。 固体稳定的乳液可以用作用于从地层中置换烃的驱动流体或产生用于转移地层中的流体流动的屏障。 这样的固体颗粒可以是形成固体颗粒（即形成固有的）或非形成固体颗粒（即从地层外获得）。 无定形固体颗粒可以是天然存在的或合成的。 一些优选的固体包括粘土，石英，长石，石膏，煤粉，沥青质和聚合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4589998A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US529190
申请日：1983-09-06
申请人： James R. Bragg , Walter W. Gale
发明人： James R. Bragg , Walter W. Gale
IPC分类号： B01D17/04 , C10G33/00 , C10M119/10 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B01D17/042
摘要： To improve the separation of a produced oil-water emulsion containing a surfactant, the emulsion parameters of temperature and salinity are brought within certain critical limits. The emulsion will separate into an injectable brine/surfactant phase and a pipeline quality crude oil phase. The operable salinity range is from about 70% to about 130% of the reservoir salinity, and the operable temperature range is from about 75.degree. F. lower to about 75.degree. F. higher than the temperature of the reservoir from which the emulsion was produced.
摘要翻译： 为了改进含有表面活性剂的生产油水乳液的分离，将温度和盐度的乳液参数置于某些临界限度内。 乳液将分离成可注射的盐水/表面活性剂相和管道质量原油相。 可操作的盐度范围是储层盐度的约70％至约130％，并且可操作的温度范围比产生乳液的储存器的温度高约75°F至约75°F 。
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公开(公告)号：US08100178B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US12086313
申请日：2006-10-17
IPC分类号： E21B43/16
摘要： An improved method of producing hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation in which a solids-stabilized emulsion (SSE) is formed, the SSE comprising oil as a first liquid, droplets of a second liquid suspended in the oil, and solid particles that are insoluble in both the oil and the second liquid at the conditions of the subterranean formation. The SSE with dissolved gas is injected into the subterranean formation as a drive fluid, and at least a portion of the SSE is placed into one or more area of the subterranean formation having an in situ pressure sufficiently lower than the selected partial pressure to permit evolution of at least a portion of the gas from the oil. Furthermore, a method of making the foamy SSE is also provided.
摘要翻译： 一种从形成固体稳定乳液（SSE）的地层生产烃的改进方法，SSE包含油作为第一液体，悬浮在油中的第二液体的液滴和不溶于二者的固体颗粒 在地层形成条件下的油和第二液体。 具有溶解气体的SSE作为驱动流体被注入到地下地层中，并且SSE的至少一部分被置于具有足够低于所选分压的原位压力的地下地层的一个或多个区域中以允许演化 的至少一部分来自油的气体。 此外，还提供了制造泡沫状SSE的方法。
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14.发明申请Composition and Method For Using Waxy Oil-External Emulsions To Modify Reservoir Permeability Profiles 有权使用蜡状油外部乳液组合和方法来修改储层渗透性分布公开(公告)号：US20090301714A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-10
申请号：US12306242
申请日：2007-06-18
申请人： James R. Bragg , Joseph P. Lederhos , Sergio A. Leonardi , Scott E. Hommema , Amy L. Chen , Shan H. Yang
发明人： James R. Bragg , Joseph P. Lederhos , Sergio A. Leonardi , Scott E. Hommema , Amy L. Chen , Shan H. Yang
CPC分类号： C09K8/82 , C09K8/502 , C09K8/524 , C09K8/565 , Y10S507/904
摘要： A waxy oil-external emulsion is provided for injection into a selected zone of a subsurface formation. The selected zone is typically a high permeability zone. The emulsion generally comprises oil, added wax, and water. The emulsion may also include an emulsifying agent and a solvent. The emulsion is formulated to be a liquid at a temperature greater than a targeted temperature in the subsurface formation, but a solid at the targeted temperature. The targeted temperature is typically the maximum operating temperature for the formation. A method of formulating the emulsion is also provided. Further, a method of plugging a high permeability zone using the emulsion is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 提供蜡状油外部乳液用于注入地下地层的选定区域。 所选择的区域通常是高渗透性区域。 乳液通常包括油，加入的蜡和水。 乳液也可以包括乳化剂和溶剂。 该乳液在大于地下地层中的目标温度的温度下配制成液体，但在目标温度下为固体。 目标温度通常是地层的最高工作温度。 还提供了一种配制乳液的方法。 此外，公开了使用该乳液堵塞高渗透性区域的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4676315A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-30
申请号：US826421
申请日：1986-02-05
申请人： James R. Bragg
发明人： James R. Bragg
CPC分类号： E21B43/40 , B01D12/00 , B01D17/047 , C09K8/584 , Y10S210/91 , Y10S507/936
摘要： A method is disclosed for concentrating surfactant in an aqueous solution. The method comprises adding to the solution a component incompatible with the surfactant, such as a water-soluble polymer, thereby displacing the surfactant from the aqueous phase of the solution. The component remains in the aqueous phase and the surfactant goes into a surfactant-rich phase. The surfactant-rich phase can then be separated from the aqueous phase by conventional separation devices or techniques. This method is particularly applicable to concentrating surfactant recovered from a reservoir following an enhanced oil recovery process employing surfactant. The method may be practiced in the field or off-site.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种将表面活性剂浓缩在水溶液中的方法。 该方法包括向溶液中加入与表面活性剂不相容的组分，例如水溶性聚合物，从而将表面活性剂从溶液的水相中移出。 组分保留在水相中，表面活性剂进入富表面活性剂相。 然后通过常规的分离装置或技术将富表面活性剂相与水相分离。 该方法特别适用于在使用表面活性剂的增强的油回收方法之后浓缩从储层中回收的表面活性剂。 该方法可以在现场或非现场实践。
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16.发明授权Method for determining the fluid saturation of an immobile phase in a reservoir 失效用于确定储层中固定相的流体饱和度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4158957A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-26
申请号：US878211
申请日：1978-02-16
申请人： Harry A. Deans , James R. Bragg
发明人： Harry A. Deans , James R. Bragg
CPC分类号： E21B49/00
摘要： A method is disclosed for determining the relative amounts of two fluid phases in a subterranean formation, one phase being mobile and the other being substantially immobile. A sweep fluid which is substantially free of the immobile fluid is injected into the formation by means of a well in an amount such that a measurable first portion of the sweep fluid in the formation adjacent the injection well remains unsaturated with the immobile fluid, and a second portion adjacent the first portion becomes saturated. The sweep fluid is then produced from the formation, preferably by means of the injection well. The concentration of immobile fluid dissolved in the produced sweep fluid is measured as a function of volume produced to determine the volumes of the two sweep fluid portions; these volumes are then used to calculate the relative amounts of the two fluid phases in the formation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定地下地层中两个流体相的相对量的方法，一个相是可移动的，另一个基本上是不动的。 基本上没有固定流体的清扫流体通过井被注入到地层中，该井的量使得邻近注入井的地层中的清扫流体的可测量的第一部分保持与固定流体不饱和， 与第一部分相邻的第二部分变得饱和。 然后，优选通过喷射井从地层产生吹扫流体。 测量溶解在产生的吹扫流体中的固定流体的浓度作为产生的体积的函数，以确定两个吹扫流体部分的体积; 然后使用这些体积来计算地层中两个流体相的相对量。
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17.发明授权Composition and method for using waxy oil-external emulsions to modify reservoir permeability profiles 有权使用蜡状油外部乳液来改变储层渗透率曲线的组成和方法公开(公告)号：US08822387B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-02
申请号：US13401570
申请日：2012-02-21
申请人： James R. Bragg , Joseph P. Lederhos , Sergio A. Leonardi , Scott E. Hommema , Amy L. Chen , Shan H. Yang
发明人： James R. Bragg , Joseph P. Lederhos , Sergio A. Leonardi , Scott E. Hommema , Amy L. Chen , Shan H. Yang
CPC分类号： C09K8/82 , C09K8/502 , C09K8/524 , C09K8/565 , Y10S507/904
摘要： A waxy oil-external emulsion is provided for injection into a selected zone of a subsurface formation. The selected zone is typically a high permeability zone. The emulsion generally comprises oil, added wax, and water. The emulsion may also include an emulsifying agent and a solvent. The emulsion is formulated to be a liquid at a temperature greater than a targeted temperature in the subsurface formation, but a solid at the targeted temperature. The targeted temperature is typically the maximum operating temperature for the formation. A method of formulating the emulsion is also provided. Further, a method of plugging a high permeability zone using the emulsion is disclosed.
摘要翻译： 提供蜡状油外部乳液用于注入地下地层的选定区域。 所选择的区域通常是高渗透性区域。 乳液通常包括油，加入的蜡和水。 乳液也可以包括乳化剂和溶剂。 该乳液在大于地下地层中的目标温度的温度下配制成液体，但在目标温度下为固体。 目标温度通常是地层的最高工作温度。 还提供了一种配制乳液的方法。 此外，公开了使用该乳液堵塞高渗透性区域的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20090211758A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12086313
申请日：2006-10-17
摘要： An improved method of producing hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation in which a solids-stabilized emulsion (SSE) is formed, the SSE comprising oil as a first liquid, droplets of a second liquid suspended in the oil, and solid particles that are insoluble in both the oil and the second liquid at the conditions of the subterranean formation. The SSE with dissolved gas is injected into the subterranean formation as a drive fluid, and at least a portion of the SSE is placed into one or more area of the subterranean formation having an in situ pressure sufficiently lower than the selected partial pressure to permit evolution of at least a portion of the gas from the oil. Furthermore, a method of making the foamy SSE is also provided.
摘要翻译： 一种从形成固体稳定乳液（SSE）的地层生产烃的改进方法，SSE包含油作为第一液体，悬浮在油中的第二液体的液滴和不溶于二者的固体颗粒 在地层形成条件下的油和第二液体。 具有溶解气体的SSE作为驱动流体被注入到地下地层中，并且SSE的至少一部分被置于具有足够低于所选分压的原位压力的地下地层的一个或多个区域中以允许演化 的至少一部分来自油的气体。 此外，还提供了制备泡沫状SSE的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4493774A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-15
申请号：US349951
申请日：1982-02-18
申请人： James R. Bragg
发明人： James R. Bragg
CPC分类号： C09K8/905 , C08B37/0033 , C09K8/035 , C12P19/06 , Y10S507/938
摘要： An aqueous heteropolysaccharide solution is treated to improve its injectivity into a subterranean hydrocarbon reservoir by passing the solution through a colloid mill.
摘要翻译： 处理含水杂多糖溶液以通过使溶液通过胶体磨来改善其进入地下储层的注入性。
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公开(公告)号：US4090398A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-23
申请号：US756150
申请日：1977-01-03
申请人： Harry A. Deans , James R. Bragg
发明人： Harry A. Deans , James R. Bragg
CPC分类号： E21B49/00
摘要： A method for determining the relative amounts of two fluid phases in a subterranean formation containing one mobile phase and a substantially immobile phase. A fluid which is substantially free of the immobile phase is injected into the formation by means of a well in an amount such that a portion of the injected fluid in the formation remains unsaturated with the immobile phase. The injected fluid is then preferably produced from the formation by means of the injection well. In another embodiment, the injected fluid is produced from the formation by means of a second well. The concentration of immobile fluid dissolved in the produced fluid is measured to determine the relative amounts of the two fluid phases in the formation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确定含有一个流动相和基本上不可移动相的地下地层中两个流体相的相对量的方法。 基本上不含固定相的流体通过井被注入到地层中，其量使得地层中注入的流体的一部分保持与固定相不饱和。 注入的流体然后优选地通过注入井从地层产生。 在另一个实施例中，通过第二井从地层产生注入的流体。 测量溶解在所产生的流体中的固定流体的浓度以确定地层中两个流体相的相对量。
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