公开(公告)号：US06553092B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

申请号：US09519704

申请日：2000-03-07

Applicant: Rodney A. Mattson ,  Olga Shapiro

Inventor： Rodney A. Mattson ,  Olga Shapiro

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: G01T1/2018

Abstract: X-rays from an x-ray tube (16) pass through an examination region (14) and are detected by a single or two-dimensional x-ray detector (20). The x-ray detector (20) includes an array (22) of photodiodes, CCD devices, or other opto-electrical transducer elements. A matching array (24) of transparent scintillator crystals, e.g., CdWO4, is supported on and optically coupled to the photoelectric transducer array. A layer (26) of a high efficiency scintillator with a good spectral match with the opto-electrical transducer array but with limited light transmissiveness is optically coupled to the transparent scintillator array. The layer (26) is preferably zinc selenide ZnSe (Te). Electrical signals from the transducer array are reconstructed (32) into an image representation and converted into a human-readable display (38). To reduce cross-talk, the zinc selenide layer is etched with pits (40), sliced into strips (26′), cut into rectangles (26″), or has channels (44) cut into it. Scatter grids (46) are advantageously received in the channels. Alternately, the zinc selenide can be powdered, encased in a transparent binder, and applied as a coating layer (26″′) to the individual transparent scintillator elements.

Abstract translation: 来自X射线管（16）的X射线通过检查区域（14），并由单个或二维X射线检测器（20）检测。 X射线检测器（20）包括光电二极管阵列（22），CCD器件或其它光电换能器元件。 透明闪烁体晶体（例如CdWO 4）的匹配阵列（24）被支撑在光电转换器阵列上并光耦合到光电转换器阵列。 与光电换能器阵列具有良好光谱匹配但具有有限的光透射率的高效闪烁器的层（26）被光耦合到透明闪烁体阵列。 层（26）优选为硒化锌ZnSe（Te）。 将来自换能器阵列的电信号重构（32）成图像表示并转换成人类可读显示器（38）。 为了减少串扰，硒化锌层用凹坑（40）蚀刻，切成条状（26'），切成矩形（26“），或者具有切入其中的通道（44）。 散布网格（46）有利地被接收在通道中。 或者，硒化锌可以被粉末化，包裹在透明粘合剂中，并作为涂层（26“'）施加到单独的透明闪烁体元件。

公开(公告)号：US06510195B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09908347

申请日：2001-07-18

Applicant: Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

Inventor： Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Pieter G. Roos

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: H01L27/14661 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/2985

Abstract: A CT scanner (10) includes a reconstruction processor (32) and a mosaic X-Radiation detector (20). The mosaic detector includes plural detector elements (22, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) arranged in abutting relationship and configured for the desired imaging application. The detector elements include scintillating crystals (50) in optical communication with a back-illuminated photodiode array (52) or modified top-surface photodiode array (152, 252) for converting emitted light into electrical charge. The photodiode array is mounted on a carrier substrate (58) via bump (56) bonding. The carrier substrate provides a conductive path routing the photodiode array output through to contacts on the back side for connection to readout electronics (60). The carrier substrate and readout electronics are contained within the footprint defined by the photodiode array, allowing the detector elements to be abutted on any and all sides, thus permitting the mosaic detector to be tailored to any desired size and shape.

Abstract translation: CT扫描器（10）包括重构处理器（32）和马赛克X辐射检测器（20）。 马赛克检测器包括以邻接关系布置的多个检测器元件（22,22,23,24,25,26），并且被配置用于期望的成像应用。 检测器元件包括与背照式光电二极管阵列（52）或修改的顶表面光电二极管阵列（152,252）光学通信的闪烁晶体（50），用于将发射的光转换成电荷。 光电二极管阵列经由凸块（56）接合而安装在载体基板（58）上。 载体衬底提供将光电二极管阵列输出穿过至背侧的触点的导电路径，用于连接到读出电子器件（60）。 载体衬底和读出电子器件包含在由光电二极管阵列限定的覆盖区内，允许检测器元件抵靠在任何侧面和所有侧面上，从而允许马赛克检测器被调整为任何所需的尺寸和形状。

公开(公告)号：US4751644A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-14

申请号：US792069

申请日：1985-10-28

Applicant: Narasimharao Koka ,  Heang K. Tuy ,  Gordon D. DeMeester ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Narasimharao Koka ,  Heang K. Tuy ,  Gordon D. DeMeester ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G06F15/42

CPC classification number: A61B6/541 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4275 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/412

Abstract: In a fourth generation CT scanner, source views or data sets are generated for reconstruction processing. A fan beam (16) of radiation rays is rotated around an image region (12) to irradiate subsets of detectors of a detector ring (10). A data sampler (B) samples the detectors of each irradiated subset a plurality of times, each time with the radiation fan beam displaced incremently from the preceding time to generate a plurality of the source views or data sheets from the same detectors. A plurality of consecutive source views or data sets are interleaved to produce a signal interleaved view or data fan. More specifically, the data sets are stored in data set memories (20-26) and interleaved serially into a data fan memory (30). Each time the fan beam rotates sufficiently to irradiate a different detector subset, an additional plurality of data sets are generated and interleaved into another data fan. The data fans are reconstructed (E) into a representation of an image of radiation absorptive properties of an object disposed in the image region. This reconstruction method is especially applicable to cardiac synchronization or gated patient scanning. This method improves the dynamic scan capacity of fourth generation scanners, improves tolerance to detector drifts, and improves tolerance to temporal x-ray fluctuations.

Abstract translation: 在第四代CT扫描仪中，生成源视图或数据集用于重建处理。 辐射线的扇形光束（16）围绕图像区域（12）旋转以照射检测器环（10）的检测器的子集。 数据采样器（B）多次对每个辐射子集的检测器进行采样，每次辐射风扇光束从前一时刻逐渐偏移，从相同的检测器生成多个源视图或数据表。 多个连续的源视图或数据组被交织以产生信号交错视图或数据风扇。 更具体地说，数据组被存储在数据集存储器（20-26）中并且串行地交织到数据风扇存储器（30）中。 每次风扇光束旋转足够以照射不同的检测器子集时，产生附加的多个数据集并交织到另一个数据风扇中。 将数据风扇重建（E）成设置在图像区域中的物体的辐射吸收特性的图像的表示。 该重建方法特别适用于心脏同步或门控病人扫描。 该方法提高了第四代扫描仪的动态扫描能力，提高了对探测器漂移的耐受性，并提高了对时间X射线波动的耐受性。

公开(公告)号：US4008400A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-15

申请号：US635952

申请日：1975-11-28

Applicant: Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Carl J. Brunnett ,  Jerome R. Cox, Jr. ,  Donald L. Snyder ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/06

CPC classification number: A61B6/4014 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4488

Abstract: A dual axial scanner in a transverse tomography system collects nonredundant data throughout one or more substantially 360.degree. orbital scan paths with uniform motion about a patient. A set of N X-ray beams scans the patient in a manner to allow collection of two sets of non-redundant data corresponding to a pair of 180.degree. scans in each 360.degree. scan. Overall time to conduct the study is decreased, and the number of required accelerations and decelerations of the assemblies is minimized.Adjacent beams of radiation are separated by an angle .alpha., which is one degree in the preferred embodiment to provide a radiation field of ##EQU1## degrees on either side of a center of the radiation field. The source and detector assemblies are positioned prior to the first orbit such that the field center is offset a distance D from a center of orbit lying in the orbital plane. The source and detector assemblies are mounted for rotation through a rotation angle .phi..sub.j about an orbital source axis which passes through the source assembly at a distance d from the center of orbit. While maintaining the offset distance D, the assemblies orbit the patient, and radiation intensity data is collected at predetermined angles .gamma..sub.j of orbit.In one embodiment for doubling the effective field size of the patient scanned, the source and detector assemblies are rotated about the source axis to provide the distance D. From an initial position on the center of orbit, the assemblies are rotated by an offset angle ##EQU2## degrees where R is the number of total orbits selected to constitute a complete study. In another embodiment for single field exposure the source and detector assemblies are rotated by the offset angle .phi. defined substantially by the equation ##EQU3## degrees, where "b" is zero for an odd number N of detectors and is one for an even number N of detectors. For multiorbit studies, the assemblies are rotated between orbits by an amount ##EQU4## degrees depending on the study.

Abstract translation: 横向断层摄影系统中的双轴扫描仪在一个或多个基本上360°的轨道扫描路径中收集非冗余数据，并以围绕患者的均匀运动。 一组N X射线束以每360度扫描的方式扫描患者，以便收集对应于一对180度扫描的两组非冗余数据。 总体来说，进行研究的时间减少了，组件所需的加速度和减速度的数量被最小化。

公开(公告)号：US20120313000A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-13

申请号：US13510168

申请日：2010-11-18

Applicant: Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Marc A. Chappo ,  Randall P. Luhta ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: G01T7/00

CPC classification number: G01T7/005

Abstract: A detector tile (116) of an imaging system (100) includes a photosensor array (204) and electronics (208) electrically coupled to the photosensor array (204), wherein the electronics includes a dose determiner (402) that determines a deposited dose for the detector tile (116) and generates a signal indicative thereof. In one non-limiting instance, this signal is utilized to correct parameters such as gain and thermal coefficients, which may vary with radiation dose.

Abstract translation: 成像系统（100）的检测器瓦片（116）包括电耦合到光电传感器阵列（204）的光电传感器阵列（204）和电子器件（208），其中电子器件包括确定沉积剂量的剂量确定器（402） 用于检测器瓦片（116）并产生指示其的信号。 在一个非限制性实例中，该信号用于校正诸如增益和热系数之类的参数，其可随辐射剂量而变化。

公开(公告)号：US20120057670A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-08

申请号：US13319151

申请日：2010-04-15

Applicant: Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris John Vrettos

Inventor： Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris John Vrettos

IPC: A61B6/03

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/4266 ,  A61B6/4452 ,  G01T1/1644 ,  G01T1/2985

Abstract: An imaging system (100) includes a radiation source (108) that emits radiation that traverses an examination region (106) and a detection system (114) that detects radiation that traverses the examination region (106) and generates a signal indicative thereof. The detection system (114) includes a first detector array (1141-114N) and a second detector array (1141-114N). The first and second detector arrays (1141-114N) are separately distinct detector arrays and at least one of the detector arrays (1141-114N) is moveable with respect to the radiation beam. A reconstructor (116) reconstructs the signal and generates volumetric image data indicative thereof.

Abstract translation: 成像系统（100）包括发射穿过检查区域（106）的辐射的辐射源（108）和检测穿过检查区域（106）的辐射并产生指示其的信号的检测系统（114）。 检测系统（114）包括第一检测器阵列（1141-114N）和第二检测器阵列（1141-114N）。 第一和第二检测器阵列（1141-114N）是分别不同的检测器阵列，并且检测器阵列（1141-114N）中的至少一个可相对于辐射束移动。 重构器（116）重建信号并产生指示其的体积图像数据。

公开(公告)号：US20090238330A1

公开(公告)日：2009-09-24

申请号：US11721163

申请日：2005-12-05

Applicant: Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

Inventor： Randall P. Luhta ,  Marc A. Chappo ,  Brian E. Harwood ,  Rodney A. Mattson ,  Chris J. Vrettos

IPC: H05G1/60

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/585 ,  G01T1/24

Abstract: A radiographic imaging apparatus (10) comprises a primary radiation source (14) which projects a beam of radiation into an examination region (16). A detector (18) converts detected radiation passing through the examination region (16) into electrical detector signals representative of the detected radiation. The detector (18) has at least one temporally changing characteristic such as an offset B(t) or gain A(t). A grid pulse means (64) turns the primary radiation source (14) ON and OFF at a rate between 1000 and 5000 pulses per second, such that at least the offset B(t) is re-measured between 1000 and 5000 times per second and corrected a plurality of times during generation of the detector signals. The gain A(t) is measured by pulsing a second pulsed source (86, 100, 138) of a constant intensity (XRef) with a second pulse means (88). The gain A(t) is re-measured and corrected a plurality of times per second during generation of the detector signals.

Abstract translation: 放射线照相成像装置（10）包括将辐射束投射到检查区域（16）中的主要辐射源（14）。 检测器（18）将通过检查区域（16）的检测到的辐射转换成代表检测到的辐射的电检测器信号。 检测器（18）具有至少一个时变特性，如偏移量B（t）或增益A（t）。 电网脉冲装置（64）以每秒1000至5000个脉冲之间的速率使主辐射源（14）接通和断开，使得至少偏移B（t）在每秒1000至5000次之间重新测量 并且在检测器信号的产生期间多次校正。 通过用第二脉冲装置（88）脉冲具有恒定强度（XRef）的第二脉冲源（86,100,138）来测量增益A（t）。 在检测器信号的产生期间，增益A（t）被重新测量和校正多次。

公开(公告)号：US6041097A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US55607

申请日：1998-04-06

Applicant: Pieter Gerhard Roos ,  Andrew J. Ivan ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Pieter Gerhard Roos ,  Andrew J. Ivan ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: G06T1/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/04

CPC classification number: A61B6/4233 ,  A61B6/032

Abstract: A gantry (10) includes a large diameter bearing having an outer race (12) and an inner race (16) which surrounds an examination region. An x-ray tube (18) and collimator (52) are mounted to the inner race, as is a flat panel detector (20) and a mechanical mechanism (50) for moving the flat panel detector closer to and further from the examination region. A timing and control circuit (30) controls a motor (22) which indexes the inner race around the examination region, an x-ray power supply (32) which pulses the x-ray tube in a fluoroscopic mode at discrete positions around the examination region, and a read out circuit (34) which reads out a frame of data after each pulse of the x-ray tube. The read out frames of data are stored in a frame memory (36) and reconstructed by a reconstruction processor (38) into a volumetric image representation for storage in a volume image memory (40). A video processor (42) reformats individual frames from frame memory (36) or selected portions of volume image representation from the volume image memory (40) into appropriate format for display on a video monitor (44). A magnification control (54) coordinates adjustment of the collimator (52) and movement of the flat plate detector toward and away from the examination region.

Abstract translation: 台架（10）包括具有围绕检查区域的外圈（12）和内座圈（16）的大直径轴承。 如同平板检测器（20）和机械机构（50）一样，将X射线管（18）和准直器（52）安装到内座圈上，用于使平板检测器更靠近和远离检查区域 。 定时和控制电路（30）控制围绕检查区域对内座圈进行索引的马达（22），在检查周围的离散位置以荧光检查模式脉冲X射线管的X射线电源（32） 区域，以及读出电路（34），其在x射线管的每个脉冲之后读出数据帧。 读出的数据帧被存储在帧存储器（36）中并由重建处理器（38）重建成体积图像表示，以存储在卷图像存储器（40）中。 视频处理器（42）将来自帧存储器（36）的单个帧或从卷图像存储器（40）的卷图像表示的选定部分重新格式化为用于在视频监视器（44）上显示的适当格式。 放大控制器（54）协调准直器（52）的调节和平板检测器朝向和远离检查区域的移动。

公开(公告)号：US5978438A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US992866

申请日：1997-12-12

Applicant: Theodore A. Resnick ,  David A. Wilcox ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Theodore A. Resnick ,  David A. Wilcox ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: A61B6/56 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4021

Abstract: A radiographic scanner (10) has a stationary gantry portion (12) defining a subject receiving region (16) and a rotating gantry portion (20) on which an imaging x-ray tube (22) is mounted. The rotating gantry portion (20) is rotatably mounted to the stationary gantry portion (12) for rotation about the subject receiving region (16). A slip ring assembly extending around the subject receiving region (16) connected with the stationary and rotating gantry portions, includes a scintillating optical fiber (44) mounted around the patient receiving region (16) to one of the rotating and stationary gantry portions. A communication x-ray tube (40) is mounted to the other gantry portion and directed such that radiation therefrom enters the scintillating optical fiber (44) from a lateral direction. The scintillating optical fiber (44) converts the incident x-rays (52) to light (58) and transmits the light (58) along its longitudinal axis. The scintillating optical fiber (44) is enclosed in a protective sheathing (50) that is opaque to optical radiation which protects the fiber from damage and eliminates noise, inaccuracy, and false signals caused by ambient and stray light entering the fiber.

Abstract translation: 射线照相扫描器（10）具有限定被摄体接收区域（16）的固定台架部分（12）和安装成像X射线管（22）的旋转台架部分（20）。 旋转机架部分（20）可旋转地安装到固定机架部分（12）上，用于围绕对象接收区域（16）旋转。 围绕与固定和旋转台架部分连接的被摄体接收区域（16）延伸的滑环组件包括安装在患者接收区域（16）周围的旋转和静止机架部分之一中的闪烁光纤（44）。 通信X射线管（40）安装到另一台架部分并被引导使得其从其横向方向进入闪烁光纤（44）。 闪烁光纤（44）将入射的X射线（52）转换成光（58），并沿其纵向轴线透射光（58）。 闪烁光纤（44）封装在对光辐射不透明的保护性护套（50）中，保护光纤免受损坏，并消除由环境和杂散光进入光纤引起的噪声，不精确和假信号。

公开(公告)号：US4980904A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-25

申请号：US219905

申请日：1988-07-13

Applicant: Richard A. Sones ,  Karen L. Lauro ,  Rodney A. Mattson

Inventor： Richard A. Sones ,  Karen L. Lauro ,  Rodney A. Mattson

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  G21K1/10 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: A61B6/583 ,  A61B6/482 ,  G21K1/10 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/60 ,  A61B6/4266

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for facilitating calibration of a dual energy digital radiography system having a focused multi-element detector assembly. The apparatus includes two sets of calibration elements, each set made of a different basis material. Each calibration element defines a segment of an annulus and is positionable between the system source and detector such that the center defined by the annulus is substantially coincident with the focal spot of the source. Within individual sets, the thicknesses of the respective member elements differ one from another in accordance with a binary progression. Each of the calibration elements is positioned and sized such that it intercepts and attenuates all radiation which ultimately falls upon the detector.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种便于校准具有聚焦多元件检测器组件的双能数字射线照相系统的装置和方法。 该装置包括两组校准元件，每组由不同的基础材料制成。 每个校准元件限定环形部分并且可定位在系统源和检测器之间，使得由环形部分限定的中心基本上与源的焦斑重合。 在单独的组中，各个构件元件的厚度根据二进制进程彼此不同。 每个校准元件的定位和尺寸使得其截取并衰减最终落在检测器上的所有辐射。