摘要:
There is disclosed a heating element 10 comprising: at least a heat-resistant base member 1; a conductive layer 3 having a heater pattern 3a formed on the heat-resistant base member; a protection layer 4 with an insulating property formed on the conductive layer; and a corrosion-resistant layer 4p that is an oxide having an oxygen amount of stoichiometric ratio or less formed on the protection layer. There can be provided a heating element in which a corrosion-resistant layer whose resistivity or hardness is controlled is formed on a protection layer and through which the corrosive gas is difficult to be transmitted even under an environment of a high temperature and a corrosive gas and by which degradation due to corrosion of a conductive layer, particularly, a power-supply-terminal portion can be avoided and additionally which can fulfill a high function as an electrostatic chuck even when having a chuck pattern and which has a long operation life and is capable of being produced at a low cost.
摘要:
The invention provides an electrostatic chuck in which a workpiece-chucking surface is made flat. An electrostatic chuck with a built-in electric heating means comprises a base plate formed of carbon or a carbon-based composite material and, successively formed on one surface of the base plate, an insulating layer (a1), an electroconductive layer (a2) to serve as a chucking electrode and an dielectric layer (a3) to form a workpiece-chucking surface and, successively formed on the other surface of the base plate, an insulating layer (b1) and an electroconductive layer (b2) to serve as an electric heater element, the electrostatic chuck improved in that the workpiece-chucking surface of the electrostatic chuck and an opposite surface thereof are warped to have a relationship selected from concavo-convex and convexo-concave, and in that the warping of the surfaces is in a manner such that the workpiece-chucking surface of the dielectric layer is rendered flat when the opposite surface of the electrostatic chuck is fastened to a machine.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing an optical fiber comprises setting a heating condition for heating a glass rod, which is a parent material of the optical fiber, and an elongating speed of the glass rod based on a prescribed numerical value which changes with a progress of elongation of the glass rod; heating and elongating the glass rod to generate a preform based on the heating condition and the elongating speed which are set by the setting; and drawing the preform to a filament-like form by further heating the preform to generate the optical fiber.
摘要:
There is provided an elongating method of an optical fiber base material which can easily correct a distorted portion of an optical fiber base material with it being possible to elongate the optical fiber base material to reduce its diameter. According to such an elongating method, in an elongating process of elongating an optical fiber base material by heating the optical fiber base material in a heating furnace so that a diameter of the optical fiber base material is reduced, before the optical fiber base material is elongated from an end thereof, a distorted portion of the optical fiber base material is connected by being heated to be softened in the heating furnace. To do so, the optical fiber base material is attached to a hanging mechanism so as to be hung in an electric furnace, the distorted portion of the optical fiber base material is heated to be softened. The elongation is stated after a difference between the elongation axis and an end of one of the optical fiber base material and the dummy rod attached to the optical fiber base material is reduced to be 10 mm or less. Here, the difference may be detected by using a noncontact position detecting apparatus, which may be one of a laser measuring device and an image processing apparatus.
摘要:
A stretching method and apparatus of an optical fiber base material including gripping both ends in a longitudinal direction of an optical fiber base material by a pair of gripping devices, and, while pulling the optical fiber base material by moving one or both of the pair of the gripping devices in a first direction parallel to the longitudinal direction, moving a heating device relative to the optical fiber base material in a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein stretch of the optical fiber base material is performed while changing the relative moving speed Vb(x) in accordance with expression (1): Vb·[Dmax/D(x)]2≦Vb(x)≦Vb·[Dmax/D(x)]3 (1) where Vb represents a reference speed, Dmax represents a maximum outer diameter of the optical fiber base material, D(x) represents an outer diameter at a heated position x of the optical fiber base material, and Vb(x) represents a relative moving speed of the heating device relative to the optical fiber base material at the heated position x.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing an optical fiber comprises setting a heating condition for heating a glass rod, which is a parent material of the optical fiber, and an elongating speed of the glass rod based on a prescribed numerical value which changes with a progress of elongation of the glass rod; heating and elongating the glass rod to generate a preform based on the heating condition and the elongating speed which are set by the setting; and drawing the preform to a filament-like form by further heating the preform to generate the optical fiber.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a glass rod (106), which is a parent material of an optical fiber (350), comprising: adjusting a vertical inclination of a standard rod (138) having a predetermined straightness; and heating and elongating a base material (102), which is a parent material of the glass rod (106), along an axis of the standard rod (138), the vertical inclination of which is adjusted, to generate the glass rod (106).
摘要:
The method, in which base material ingot 1 is heated and softened in an electric furnace 3, drawn with a pair of pinch roller 6 and 6, and elongated to make base material rod 7 having a smaller diameter than the ingot, features: forming either a roller groove 11 having a curvature radius which is larger than the outer diameter of the base material rod 7 or a V-shaped roller groove 11 having the cross section consisting of straight lines on the surface of the pinch roller 6 made of metal; nipping with the facing roller grooves 11 and 11 respectively formed on the surfaces of a pair of said pinch rollers 6 and 6; and drawing said base material rod.
摘要:
There is provided an elongating method of an optical fiber base material which can easily correct a distorted portion of an optical fiber base material with it being possible to elongate the optical fiber base material to reduce its diameter. According to such an elongating method, in an elongating process of elongating an optical fiber base material by heating the optical fiber base material in a heating furnace so that a diameter of the optical fiber base material is reduced, before the optical fiber base material is elongated from an end thereof, a distorted portion of the optical fiber base material is connected by being heated to be softened in the heating furnace. To do so, the optical fiber base material is attached to a hanging mechanism so as to be hung in an electric furnace, the distorted portion of the optical fiber base material is heated to be softened. The elongation is stated after a difference between the elongation axis and an end of one of the optical fiber base material and the dummy rod attached to the optical fiber base material is reduced to be 10 mm or less. Here, the difference may be detected by using a noncontact position detecting apparatus, which may be one of a laser measuring device and an image processing apparatus.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing an optical fiber comprises setting a heating condition for heating a glass rod, which is a parent material of the optical-fiber, and an elongating speed of the glass rod based on a prescribed numerical value which changes with a progress of elongation of the glass rod; heating and elongating the glass rod to generate a preform based on the heating condition and the elongating speed which are set by the setting; and drawing the preform to a filament-like form by further heating the preform to generate the optical fiber.