公开(公告)号：US5974406A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

申请号：US914302

申请日：1997-08-18

申请人： Chatschik Bisdikian ,  Yurdaer Nezihi Doganata ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

发明人： Chatschik Bisdikian ,  Yurdaer Nezihi Doganata ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

IPC分类号： G06Q30/06 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06Q30/06 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99935

摘要： A method and apparatus for providing customized notification in response to a search query. Moreover, with this invention, a query is received from a user via a user interface. The user also selected a time and means of notification, such as for example, by fax at a specified time. The system will also receive several notification choices from both the user and a supplier of information and match the choices so that a supplier can notify a user in accordance with a mutually selected time and means of notification.

摘要翻译： 一种用于响应于搜索查询提供定制通知的方法和装置。 此外，通过本发明，经由用户界面从用户接收到查询。 用户还在指定时间例如通过传真选择了通知的时间和方式。 该系统还将从用户和供应商那里获得信息的多个通知选择，并与选择相匹配，以便供应商可以根据相互选择的时间和通知方式通知用户。

公开(公告)号：US20130031035A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-31

申请号：US13194950

申请日：2011-07-31

申请人： Arroyo Diana Jeanne ,  Zohar Feldman ,  Michael Masin ,  Malgorzata Steinder ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Ian Nicholas Whalley

发明人： Arroyo Diana Jeanne ,  Zohar Feldman ,  Michael Masin ,  Malgorzata Steinder ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Ian Nicholas Whalley

IPC分类号： G06F15/18

CPC分类号： H04L41/142 ,  H04L41/0896

摘要： A system for learning admission policy for optimizing quality of service of computer resources networks is provided herein. The system includes a statistical data extractor configured to extract historical data of deployment requests issued to an admission unit of a computer resources network. The system further includes a Markov decision process simulator configured to generate a simulation model based on the extracted historical data and resources specifications of the computer resources network, in terms of a Markov decision process. The system further includes a value function generator configured to determine a value function for deployment requests admissions. The system further includes a machine learning unit configured to train a classifier based on the simulation model and the value function, to yield an admission policy usable for processing incoming deployment requests.

摘要翻译： 本文提供了一种用于学习计算机资源网络服务质量入门政策的系统。 该系统包括统计数据提取器，其被配置为提取发布到计算机资源网络的准入单元的部署请求的历史数据。 该系统还包括马尔科夫决定过程模拟器，其被配置为根据马尔可夫决策过程根据所提取的计算机资源网络的历史数据和资源规格生成模拟模型。 该系统还包括被配置为确定部署请求入口的值函数的值函数发生器。 该系统还包括：机器学习单元，被配置为基于仿真模型和值函数来训练分类器，以产生可用于处理传入部署请求的准入策略。

公开(公告)号：US08230107B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-24

申请号：US12191898

申请日：2008-08-14

申请人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Giovanni Pacifici ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Alaa Salah Youssef

发明人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Giovanni Pacifici ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Alaa Salah Youssef

IPC分类号： G06F15/16

CPC分类号： G06F11/3433 ,  G06F9/505 ,  G06F11/3419 ,  G06F2201/88 ,  G06F2209/508

摘要： Provides control of the workload, flow control, and concurrency control of a computer system through the use of only external performance monitors. Data collected by external performance monitors are used to build a simple, black box model of the computer system, comprising two resources: a virtual bottleneck resource and a delay resource representing all non-bottleneck resources combined. The service times of the two resource types are two parameters of the black box model. The two parameters are evaluated based on historical data collected by the external performance monitors. The workload capacity that avoids saturation of the bottleneck resource is then determined and used as a control variable by a flow controller to limit the workload on the computer system. The workload may include a mix of traffic classes. In such a case, data is collected, parameters are evaluated and control variables are determined for each of the traffic classes.

摘要翻译： 通过仅使用外部性能监视器来提供对计算机系统的工作负载，流量控制和并发控制的控制。 由外部性能监视器收集的数据用于构建计算机系统的简单的黑匣子模型，包括两个资源：虚拟瓶颈资源和代表所有非瓶颈资源的延迟资源。 两种资源类型的服务时间是黑匣子模型的两个参数。 这两个参数是根据外部性能监视器收集的历史数据进行评估的。 然后，通过流量控制器确定避免瓶颈资源饱和的工作负载，并将其用作控制变量，以限制计算机系统上的工作量。 工作负载可能包括混合的流量类别。 在这种情况下，收集数据，评估参数，并确定每个流量类别的控制变量。

公开(公告)号：US20120173734A1

公开(公告)日：2012-07-05

申请号：US13415034

申请日：2012-03-08

申请人： Tracy Jay Kimbrel ,  Malgorzata Steinder ,  Maxim Sviridénko ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

发明人： Tracy Jay Kimbrel ,  Malgorzata Steinder ,  Maxim Sviridénko ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06F9/5066 ,  G06F9/5083

摘要： An optimization problem models the dynamic placement of applications on servers under two types of simultaneous resource requirements, those that are dependent on the loads placed on the applications and those that are independent. The demand (load) for applications changes over time and the goal is to satisfy all the demand while changing the solution (assignment of applications to servers) as little as possible.

摘要翻译： 优化问题模拟服务器上应用程序在两种类型的同时资源需求下的动态放置，即依赖于应用程序上的负载和独立的负载。 应用程序的需求（负载）随时间而变化，目标是尽可能少地改变解决方案（将应用程序分配给服务器）来满足所有需求。

公开(公告)号：US08140673B2

公开(公告)日：2012-03-20

申请号：US12786731

申请日：2010-05-25

申请人： Yixin Diao ,  Xiao Lei Hu ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Rui Xiong Tian ,  Hai Shan Wu

发明人： Yixin Diao ,  Xiao Lei Hu ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Rui Xiong Tian ,  Hai Shan Wu

IPC分类号： G06F15/16 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F9/505 ,  H04L65/105

摘要： A method and system for controlling load admission rate of an application server is provided. In the method, actual heap utilization and load admission rate of the application server in current control cycle are detected; based on the detected actual heap utilization and load admission rate, load characteristics variation parameters of the application server are estimated; and control gain of a feedback controller is calculated based on the load characteristics variation parameters; the feedback controller calculates desired load admission rate of the application server in next control cycle by using the calculated control gain. The load admission rate of the application server can be adaptively controlled by tracking changes in workload characteristics of the application server, such that the actual heap utilization of the application server is maintained at or close to target heap utilization.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于控制应用服务器的承载率的方法和系统。 在该方法中，检测当前控制周期中应用服务器的实际堆利用率和承载率; 基于检测到的实际堆利用率和承载率，估计应用服务器的负载特性变化参数; 并根据负载特性变化参数计算反馈控制器的控制增益; 反馈控制器通过使用计算出的控制增益在下一个控制周期中计算应用服务器的期望载入准入率。 可以通过跟踪应用服务器的工作负载特性的变化来自适应地控制应用服务器的承载率，使得应用服务器的实际堆利用率维持在或接近目标堆利用率。

公开(公告)号：US20110295995A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-01

申请号：US12786731

申请日：2010-05-25

申请人： Yixin Diao ,  Xiao Lei Hu ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Rui Xiong Tian ,  Hai Shan Wu

发明人： Yixin Diao ,  Xiao Lei Hu ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Rui Xiong Tian ,  Hai Shan Wu

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06F9/505 ,  H04L65/105

摘要： A method and system for controlling load admission rate of an application server is provided. In the method, actual heap utilization and load admission rate of the application server in current control cycle are detected; based on the detected actual heap utilization and load admission rate, load characteristics variation parameters of the application server are estimated; and control gain of a feedback controller is calculated based on the load characteristics variation parameters; the feedback controller calculates desired load admission rate of the application server in next control cycle by using the calculated control gain. The load admission rate of the application server can be adaptively controlled by tracking changes in workload characteristics of the application server, such that the actual heap utilization of the application server is maintained at or close to target heap utilization.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于控制应用服务器的承载率的方法和系统。 在该方法中，检测当前控制周期中应用服务器的实际堆利用率和承载率; 基于检测到的实际堆利用率和承载率，估计应用服务器的负载特性变化参数; 并根据负载特性变化参数计算反馈控制器的控制增益; 反馈控制器通过使用计算出的控制增益在下一个控制周期中计算应用服务器的期望载入准入率。 可以通过跟踪应用服务器的工作负载特性的变化来自适应地控制应用服务器的承载率，使得应用服务器的实际堆利用率维持在或接近目标堆利用率。

公开(公告)号：US20110225594A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-15

申请号：US12723914

申请日：2010-03-15

申请人： Arun Kwangil Iyengar ,  Hongbo Jiang ,  Erich M. Nahum ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Charles P. Wright

发明人： Arun Kwangil Iyengar ,  Hongbo Jiang ,  Erich M. Nahum ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Charles P. Wright

IPC分类号： G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/505 ,  G06F2209/501 ,  G06F2209/5019 ,  H04L67/1008

摘要： In a computer system comprising a plurality of computing devices wherein the plurality of computing devices processes a plurality of tasks and each task has a task type, a method for determining overheads associated with task types comprises the following steps. Overheads are estimated for a plurality of task types. One of the plurality of computing devices is selected to execute one of the plurality of tasks, wherein the selection comprises estimating load on at least a portion of the plurality of computing devices from tasks assigned to at least a portion of the plurality of computing devices and the estimates of overheads of the plurality of task types. One or more of the estimates of overheads of the plurality of task types are varied.

摘要翻译： 在包括多个计算设备的计算机系统中，其中所述多个计算设备处理多个任务，并且每个任务具有任务类型，用于确定与任务类型相关联的开销的方法包括以下步骤。 估计多个任务类型的开销。 选择多个计算设备中的一个来执行多个任务中的一个，其中所述选择包括从分配给所述多个计算设备的至少一部分的任务估计所述多个计算设备的至少一部分上的负载，以及 多个任务类型的开销的估计。 改变多个任务类型的开销的估计中的一个或多个。

公开(公告)号：US20090271798A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-29

申请号：US12110813

申请日：2008-04-28

申请人： Arun Kwangil Iyengar ,  Hongbo Jiang ,  Erich Miles Nahum ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Charles P. Wright

发明人： Arun Kwangil Iyengar ,  Hongbo Jiang ,  Erich Miles Nahum ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Charles P. Wright

IPC分类号： G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F9/505 ,  G06F9/5033 ,  H04L65/1006 ,  H04L67/1002 ,  H04L67/1023 ,  H04L67/1027

摘要： Techniques are disclosed for load balancing in networks such as those networks handling telephony applications. By way of example, a method for directing requests associated with calls to servers in a system comprised of a network routing calls between a plurality of nodes wherein a node participates in a call as a caller or a receiver and wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with calls to a plurality of servers comprises the following steps. A request associated with a node belonging to a group including a plurality of nodes is received. A server is selected to receive the request. A subsequent request is received. A determination is made whether or not the subsequent request is associated with a node belonging to the group. The subsequent request is sent to the server based on determining that the subsequent request is associated with a node belonging to the group. By way of another example, a method for balancing requests among servers in a client server environment wherein a load balancer sends requests associated with a client to a plurality of servers comprises the following steps. Information is maintained regarding a weighted number of requests assigned to each server. The load balancer receives a request from a client. A server s1 is selected to receive the request by examining the maintained information and identifying a server with a least weighted number of requests assigned thereto. The load balancer sends the request to server s1 and increments a weighted number of requests assigned to server s1 in the maintained information. In response to receiving a notification from server s1 that the request has completed, a weighted number of requests assigned to server s1 is decremented in the maintained information.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于诸如处理电话应用的那些网络的网络中的负载平衡的技术。 作为示例，一种用于将与呼叫相关联的请求定向在由多个节点之间的网络路由呼叫组成的系统中的服务器的方法，其中节点作为呼叫者或接收者参与呼叫，并且其中负载平衡器发送相关联的请求 对多个服务器的呼叫包括以下步骤。 接收与属于包括多个节点的组的节点相关联的请求。 选择服务器接收请求。 接收到后续请求。 确定后续请求是否与属于该组的节点相关联。 基于确定后续请求与属于该组的节点相关联，将后续请求发送到服务器。 作为另一示例，用于在客户端服务器环境中的服务器之间平衡请求的方法，其中负载平衡器将与客户端相关联的请求发送到多个服务器包括以下步骤。 维护关于分配给每个服务器的加权数量的信息。 负载均衡器从客户端接收请求。 选择服务器s1以通过检查维护的信息并识别具有分配给其的最少加权数量的服务器来接收请求。 负载平衡器将请求发送到服务器s1，并在维护的信息中增加分配给服务器s1的加权数量。 响应于从服务器s1接收到请求已经完成的通知，分配给服务器s1的加权数量在维护的信息中减少。

公开(公告)号：US20090254497A1

公开(公告)日：2009-10-08

申请号：US12062828

申请日：2008-04-04

申请人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

发明人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi

IPC分类号： G06F15/18

CPC分类号： G06F11/3452 ,  G06F11/3457 ,  H04L69/02

摘要： A generic queueing network model of a Web services environment is introduced. The behavior of a service is abstracted in three phases: serial, parallel and dormant, thus yielding a Serial Parallel Queueing Network (SPQN) model with a small number of parameters. A method is provided for estimated the parameters of the model that is based on stochastic approximation techniques for solving stochastic optimization problems. The parameter estimation method is shown to perform well in a noisy environment, where performance data is obtained through measurements or using approximate model simulations.

摘要翻译： 介绍了Web服务环境的通用排队网络模型。 服务的行为分为三个阶段：串行，并行和休眠，从而产生具有少量参数的串行并行排队网络（SPQN）模型。 提供了一种基于随机逼近技术求解随机优化问题的模型参数估计方法。 参数估计方法显示在噪声环境中表现良好，其中通过测量或使用近似模型模拟获得性能数据。

公开(公告)号：US20080301696A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US12191898

申请日：2008-08-14

申请人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Giovanni Pacifici ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Alaa Salah Youssef

发明人： Asser Nasreldin Tantawi ,  Giovanni Pacifici ,  Wolfgang Segmuller ,  Michael Joseph Spreitzer ,  Alaa Salah Youssef

IPC分类号： G06F9/46

CPC分类号： G06F11/3433 ,  G06F9/505 ,  G06F11/3419 ,  G06F2201/88 ,  G06F2209/508

摘要： Provides control of the workload, flow control, and concurrency control of a computer system through the use of only external performance monitors. Data collected by external performance monitors are used to build a simple, black box model of the computer system, comprising two resources: a virtual bottleneck resource and a delay resource representing all non-bottleneck resources combined. The service times of the two resource types are two parameters of the black box model. The two parameters are evaluated based on historical data collected by the external performance monitors. The workload capacity that avoids saturation of the bottleneck resource is then determined and used as a control variable by a flow controller to limit the workload on the computer system. The workload may include a mix of traffic classes. In such a case, data is collected, parameters are evaluated and control variables are determined for each of the traffic classes.

摘要翻译： 通过仅使用外部性能监视器来提供对计算机系统的工作负载，流量控制和并发控制的控制。 由外部性能监视器收集的数据用于构建计算机系统的简单的黑匣子模型，包括两个资源：虚拟瓶颈资源和代表所有非瓶颈资源的延迟资源。 两种资源类型的服务时间是黑匣子模型的两个参数。 这两个参数是根据外部性能监视器收集的历史数据进行评估的。 然后，通过流量控制器确定避免瓶颈资源饱和的工作负载，并将其用作控制变量，以限制计算机系统上的工作量。 工作负载可能包括混合的流量类别。 在这种情况下，收集数据，评估参数，并确定每个流量类别的控制变量。