Abstract:
A water holding tank for electric water heaters is described and particularly an improvement to the bottom end construction of the tank to prevent bacteria proliferation and the elimination of the cavitated circumferential area where sediments deposit to form a culture bed for bacteria to proliferate. Instead of modifying the shape of the bottom wall the improvement is a simple solution in that a filler material is set in at least a lowermost portion, and preferably a major portion, of the cavitated circumferential area to isolate that area from the interior of the water holding tank and form smooth flat surface areas which are planar to cause sediments to disperse and not form beds for bacteria to proliferate.
Abstract:
A hot water pulsating alarm system and method for electric or gas-fired water heaters is described. A sensor senses the water temperature in an upper region of the water tank of the water heater and feeds temperature signals to a controller. The controller operates an electromechanical valve connected to the pressurized cold water supply line of the water tank. Upon detecting a low temperature value stored in the memory of the controller, the controller causes a shut-off electro-mechanical valve to close and open in a predetermined sequence and during a predetermined time period. This causes interruptions of hot water being drawn from the upper region of the water tank to feed a hot water supply conduit and creating a pulsating water temperature change in hot water being discharged through fixtures connected to the hot water supply conduit. The pulsating temperature change is detected by a user person having a body part in contact with water dispensed from fixtures secured to the hot water supply conduit and indicating to the user person that the water heater will be shut-off.
Abstract:
A method and an apparatus is described for preventing bacteria proliferation in a bottom end of a water holding tank of an electric water heater. Different water convection devices are described for convecting heated water from inside the tank and into the bottom end of the tank to raise the temperature at the bottom end sufficiently high to prevent bacteria growth and particularly at a temperature of at least 46 degrees C. where the Legionella bacteria can not survive. The temperature at the bottom end of the tank is monitored and the convection devices controlled to maintain the desired hot water temperature. An added benefit of the invention is that it also prevents sediment deposits and water temperature stratification in the tank bottom end section.
Abstract:
A water stratification drum for use in an electric and condensing water heater is disposed in a lower portion of the water holding tank and across the circumferential side wall of the tank. The water stratification drum has a pair of plates held spaced-apart by support members which extend between the pair of plates to maintain the plates in substantially parallel relationship. A cold water zone is defined between the plates and cool domestic water is introduced in the tank between the plates. The plates are flat disc plates formed on non-corrosive material and water there between is diffused in a controlled manner to other regions of the tank through at least one of the plates being perforated. The diffusion of the water prevents premature actuation of the heat source by not causing an abrupt change in the temperature of the hot water in the tank.
Abstract:
A water stratification drum for use in an electric and condensing water heater is disposed in a lower portion of the water holding tank and across the circumferential side wall of the tank. The water stratification drum has a pair of plates held spaced-apart by support members which extend between the pair of plates to maintain the plates in substantially parallel relationship. A cold water zone is defined between the plates and cool domestic water is introduced in the tank between the plates. The plates are flat disc plates formed on non-corrosive material and water there between is diffused in a controlled manner to other regions of the tank through at least one of the plates being perforated. The diffusion of the water prevents premature actuation of the heat source by not causing an abrupt change in the temperature of the hot water in the tank.
Abstract:
A passage is provided in a water heater and mounted against the outer surface of the water tank side wall to removably mount thermistors secured to a support at distinct locations along the tank side wall to provide temperature value signal representative of the water temperature in the tank adjacent the thermistors. The passage may be formed by a metal tube held next to the side wall of the tank or a U-shaped channel held against the outer surface of the tank wall with the through thereof facing the tank side wall outer surface. The thermistors are mounted spaced-apart on a support inserted in the passage. The method is also described.
Abstract:
A domestic gas-fired water heater condensing flue system wherein in one embodiment a blower is secured at the outlet end of the flue pipe to direct the hot flue gases through an external heat exchange flue conduit. The external heat exchange flue conduit has a sealed water channel surrounding a narrow flue gas internal passage. Water from the bottom end of the tank is circulated in the external heat exchange flue conduit and release in the top part of the tank. In a further embodiment, an inverted U-shaped flue pipe is supported vertically in the water tank and the domestic water supply for the tank is disposed in a downward section of the flue pipe to pre-heat the water supply to the tank and cool the flue gases before being released to atmosphere. The water in the tank is heated by the upward and downward sections of the U-shaped flue pie
Abstract:
A hot water temperature sensing cut-off system and method for use with electric water heaters to preclude the flow of unsafe water from the water heater into the hot water distribution conduit to prevent the risk of bacteria transfer in the hot water distribution conduit. One simple solution is to mount a temperature responsive shut-off valve between the hot water supply outlet conduit of the tank of the water heater and the hot water distribution conduit and wherein the valve will shut-off water flow upon detection of an unsafe water temperature below 125 degrees Fahrenheit. Another solution is to use a controller to operate a shut-off valve. A temperature sensor is located to sense the water temperature at the intake of the hot water conduit and feeds a signal to the controller to operate a closure component of the valve to shut-off the hot water supply upon detecting a predetermined low water temperature fed to an inlet end of the control shut-off valve. When the water heats up to a predetermined safe temperature, the controller opens the valve and continues supplying hot water.
Abstract:
A safety system and method to prevent water within a top portion of a tank of an electric water heater to drop below a safe temperature during a load shedding period, other than a full emergency grid failure, by a power provider whereby to prevent the propagation of harmful bacteria in a top portion the tank. A control device monitors the water temperature in the top portion of the tank by the use of a temperature sensor. If the control device detects a temperature of the water in the top portion of the tank inferior to 140 degrees F., it will by-pass the instructions of the power provider and connect power to one or more of the resistive heating elements of the tank until a predetermined temperature above 140 degrees F. is attained before switching off the resistive heating elements.
Abstract:
A safety system and method to prevent water within a top portion of a tank of an electric water heater to drop below a safe temperature during a load shedding period, other than a full emergency grid failure, by a power provider whereby to prevent the propagation of harmful bacteria in a top portion the tank. A control device monitors the water temperature in the top portion of the tank by the use of a temperature sensor. If the control device detects a temperature of the water in the top portion of the tank inferior to 140 degrees F., it will by-pass the instructions of the power provider and connect power to one or more of the resistive heating elements of the tank until a predetermined temperature above 140 degrees F. is attained before switching off the resistive heating elements.