公开(公告)号：US4804591A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

申请号：US746167

申请日：1985-06-18

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Wolfgang M. Vogel ,  William A. Taylor

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Wolfgang M. Vogel ,  William A. Taylor

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029

摘要： A fuel cell powerplant 10 having a flow path 20 for an aqueous solution includes a device 18 for disposing in the solution ferric hydrous oxide of a character that retards the deposition of iron based compounds. The device is disposed within the powerplant and receives water from a conduit 42 which communicates with a component of the fuel cell powerplant, such as a fuel cell stack 12.

摘要翻译： 具有用于水溶液的流路20的燃料电池动力装置10包括用于在该溶液中放置一种阻止铁基化合物沉积的角色的水合氧化铁的装置18。 该设备设置在动力装置内并且从与燃料电池动力装置的部件例如燃料电池组12连通的导管42接收水。

公开(公告)号：US4344849A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-17

申请号：US226267

申请日：1981-01-19

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  John W. Lane

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  John W. Lane

IPC分类号： B01D19/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F1/28

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  B01D19/00 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： In an automated process for deaerating and purifying both the water which is recirculated in a coolant loop through a stack of fuel cells and the make-up water for the coolant loop, a portion of the water from the coolant loop is blown down into a deaerator water reservoir to which make-up water is added by condensing water from the fuel cell stack reactant gas streams into a deaeration column disposed above the reservoir. The blowdown provides some of the heat for deaeration; and the amount of blowdown is controlled as a function of the amount of make-up water added to the coolant loop by sensing the location of a steam/liquid interface within the deaeration column. Water is withdrawn from the reservoir, purified, and then introduced into the coolant loop at a rate sufficient to maintain the desired amount of water circulating in the coolant loop.

摘要翻译： 在用于对在冷却剂回路中循环通过燃料电池堆的水和用于冷却剂回路的补给水进行脱气和净化的自动化过程中，来自冷却剂回路的一部分水被吹入除气器 通过将来自燃料电池堆的反应气体气流的水冷凝而将补充水添加到设置在储存器上方的脱气塔中的储水器。 排污提供了一些除气的热量; 并且通过感测脱气塔内的蒸汽/液体界面的位置，排放量被控制为补充到冷却剂回路中的补充水的量的函数。 水从储存器中取出，净化，然后以足以保持在冷却剂回路中循环的所需量的水量的速率引入冷却剂回路中。

公开(公告)号：US08206490B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-26

申请号：US12310269

申请日：2006-09-20

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  John L. Preston, Jr. ,  Francis Kocum ,  Richard J. Assarabowski ,  Derek Hildreth

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  John L. Preston, Jr. ,  Francis Kocum ,  Richard J. Assarabowski ,  Derek Hildreth

IPC分类号： B01D53/14

CPC分类号： C01B3/38 ,  B01D53/58 ,  B01D53/77 ,  B01D2258/0208 ,  C01B3/52 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0662

摘要： A separator scrubber (58) and isolation loop (78) decontaminates a fuel reactant stream of a fuel cell (12). Water passes over surfaces of an ammonia dissolving means (61) within the scrubber (58) while the fuel reactant stream simultaneously passes over the surfaces to remove contaminants from the fuel reactant into the water. An accumulator (68) collects the separated contaminants and water, and an isolation loop pump (84) directs flow of the separated contaminant stream through the isolation loop (78). A heat exchanger (86) and an ion exchange bed (88) modify the heat of, and remove contaminants from, the separated contaminant stream, and the isolation loop (78) directs the decontaminated stream back onto the packed bed (62)-. Separating contaminants from the fuel reactant stream and then isolating and concentrating the separated contaminants within the ion exchange bed (88) minimizes cost and maintenance requirements.

摘要翻译： 分离器洗涤器（58）和隔离回路（78）消除燃料电池（12）的燃料反应物流。 水通过洗涤器（58）内的氨溶解装置（61）的表面，同时燃料反应物流同时经过表面以将燃料反应物中的污染物去除到水中。 蓄积器（68）收集分离的污染物和水，并且隔离回路泵（84）引导分离的污染物流的流动通过隔离回路（78）。 热交换器（86）和离子交换床（88）改变分离的污染物流的热量和去除污染物，并且隔离回路（78）将净化的流引导回到填充床（62）上。 将污染物与燃料反应物流分离，然后将分离的污染物分离和浓缩在离子交换床（88）内，使成本和维护要求最小化。

公开(公告)号：US07670702B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

申请号：US11254203

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Albert P. Grasso

发明人： Albert P. Grasso

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04067

摘要： A liquid-gas separator assembly is used in separating gas bubbles from a liquid coolant which liquid coolant is used in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell power plant. The assembly includes a cylindrical housing containing a central tube which is surrounded by an annular chamber. The annular chamber is defined by the outer surface of the central tube and the inner surface of the cylindrical housing. An inlet line injects a stream of the coolant from the fuel cell stack area of the power plant into the bottom of the central tube in a tangential flow pattern so that the coolant and gas bubble mixture swirls upwardly through the central tube. The swirling flow pattern of the coolant and gas bubble mixture causes the gas bubbles to separate from the liquid coolant so that the gas in the mixture will migrate to the central portion of the swirl tube and the liquid component of the mixture will centrifugally migrate to the inner wall of the swirl tube. The gaseous component of the separated mixture is then expelled from the housing through an outlet in the upper portion of the housing, and the coolant liquid descends through the annular chamber to the bottom of the housing where the coolant liquid will be returned to the cell stack area of the power plant. The gas bubbles may include reactant from either the cathode or the anode. The separator of this invention is particularly useful in mobile applications since it is less sensitive to vehicular acceration forces.

摘要翻译： 液体 - 气体分离器组件用于从液体冷却剂中分离气泡，液体冷却剂用于聚合物电解质膜（PEM）燃料电池发电厂。 该组件包括一个圆筒形壳体，该圆柱形壳体包含一环形室的中心管。 环形室由中心管的外表面和圆柱形壳体的内表面限定。 入口管线将来自发电厂的燃料电池堆区域的冷却剂流以切向流动模式注入中心管的底部，使得冷却剂和气泡混合物向上流过中心管。 冷却剂和气泡混合物的旋转流动模式使得气泡与液体冷却剂分离，使得混合物中的气体将迁移到涡旋管的中心部分，并且混合物的液体组分将离心地迁移到 漩涡管的内壁。 分离的混合物的气态组分然后通过壳体上部的出口从壳体排出，并且冷却剂液体通过环形室下降到壳体的底部，其中冷却剂液体将返回到电池组 发电厂区域。 气泡可以包括来自阴极或阳极的反应物。 本发明的分离器在移动应用中特别有用，因为它对车辆的踩踏力较不敏感。

公开(公告)号：US07172647B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-06

申请号：US11254202

申请日：2005-10-20

申请人： Albert P. Grasso

发明人： Albert P. Grasso

IPC分类号： B01D19/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04067

摘要： A liquid-gas separator assembly is used in separating gas bubbles from a liquid coolant. The assembly includes a cylindrical housing containing a central tube which is surrounded by an annular chamber. The annular chamber is defined by the outer surface of the central tube and the inner surface of the cylindrical housing. An inlet line injects a stream of the coolant from the fuel cell stack area of the power plant into the bottom of the central tube in a tangential flow pattern so that the coolant and gas bubble mixture swirls upwardly through the central tube. The swirling flow pattern of the coolant and gas bubble mixture causes the gas bubbles to separate from the liquid coolant. The gaseous component of the separated mixture is then expelled from the housing through an outlet in the upper portion of the housing, and the coolant liquid descends through the annular chamber to the bottom of the housing.

摘要翻译： 使用液 - 气分离器组件将气泡与液体冷却剂分离。 该组件包括一个圆筒形壳体，该圆柱形壳体包含一环形室的中心管。 环形室由中心管的外表面和圆柱形壳体的内表面限定。 入口管线将来自发电厂的燃料电池堆区域的冷却剂流以切向流动模式注入中心管的底部，使得冷却剂和气泡混合物向上流过中心管。 冷却剂和气泡混合物的旋转流动模式使得气泡与液体冷却剂分离。 分离的混合物的气态组分然后通过壳体上部的出口从壳体排出，并且冷却剂液体通过环形室下降到壳体的底部。

公开(公告)号：US07033557B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US11235858

申请日：2005-09-27

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Bryan F. Dufner ,  Jay C. Files ,  John L. Preston, Jr.

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Bryan F. Dufner ,  Jay C. Files ,  John L. Preston, Jr.

IPC分类号： B01D53/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06

CPC分类号： C01B3/36 ,  B01D2257/302 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0662

摘要： Method and apparatus are provided for removing contaminants from a hydrogen processor feed stream, as in a fuel cell power plant (110). Inlet oxidant (38), typically air, required by a catalytic hydrogen processor (34) in a fuel processor (14) for a fuel cell stack assembly (12) in the power plant (110), may contain contaminants such as SO2 and the like. A cleansing arrangement, which includes an accumulator/degasifier (142, 46) acting as a scrubber, and possibly also a water transfer device (118), receives the inlet oxidant and provides the desired cleansing of contaminants. Water in the water transfer device and in the accumulator/degasifier serves to dissolve the water-soluble contaminants and cleanse them from the oxidant stream. The cleansed oxidant stream (138′) is then delivered to the hydrogen processor and to the fuel cell assembly, with minimal inclusion of detrimental contaminants such as sulfur.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于从氢处理器进料流中去除污染物的方法和装置，如在燃料电池发电厂（110）中。 在发电厂（110）中用于燃料电池堆组件（12）的燃料处理器（14）中的催化氢处理器（34）所需的入口氧化剂（通常为空气）可含有诸如SO _{2 等。 清洁装置包括用作洗涤器的蓄能器/脱气器（142,46），以及可能还有水输送装置（118），接收入口氧化剂并提供污染物的所需清洁。 水输送装置和蓄能器/脱气器中的水用于溶解水溶性污染物并将其从氧化剂流中清除。 然后将净化的氧化剂流（138'）输送到氢处理器和燃料电池组件，同时包含有害的污染物例如硫。}

公开(公告)号：US06475652B2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09740590

申请日：2000-12-19

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Kazuo Saito

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Kazuo Saito

IPC分类号： H01M804

CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04141 ,  H01M8/04149 ,  H01M8/04253

摘要： A fine pore enthalpy exchange barrier is disclosed for use with a fuel cell power plant. The barrier includes a flexible support matrix that defines pores and a liquid transfer medium that fills the pores creating a gas barrier. An inlet surface of the fine pore enthalpy exchange barrier is positioned in contact with a process oxidant inlet stream entering a fuel cell power plant, and an opposed exhaust surface of the barrier is positioned in contact with an exhaust stream exiting the plant so that water and heat exchange from the exhaust stream directly into the process oxidant inlet stream to heat and humidify the stream as it enters the plant. The flexible support matrix defines hydrophilic pores having a pore-size range of about 0.1-100 microns and results in a bubble pressure that is greater than 0.2 pounds per square inch. The liquid transfer medium may include water, aqueous salt solutions, aqueous acid solutions, or organic antifreeze water solutions. The fine pore enthalpy exchange barrier may be disposed within a structure of a direct mass and heat transfer device of the plant in fluid communication with the process oxidant inlet and plant exhaust streams so that the structure and barrier cooperate to restrict bulk mixing of the inlet and exhaust streams, and water and heat transfer through the transfer medium from the plant exhaust stream into the process oxidant stream entering the plant.

摘要翻译： 公开了与燃料电池发电厂一起使用的细孔焓交换屏障。 屏障包括限定孔的柔性支撑基体和填充产生气体屏障的孔的液体转移介质。 微孔焓交换屏障的入口表面定位成与进入燃料电池发电厂的过程氧化剂入口流接触，并且屏障的相对排气表面与离开设备的排气流接触，使得水和 从排气流直接进入过程氧化剂入口流的热交换，以便当流进入工厂时对流进行加热和加湿。 柔性支撑基质定义了具有约0.1-100微米的孔径范围的亲水孔，并导致大于0.2磅/平方英寸的气泡压力。 液体转移介质可以包括水，盐水溶液，酸水溶液或有机防冻水溶液。 细孔焓交换屏障可以设置在工厂的直接质量和传热装置的结构中，与处理氧化剂入口和设备排气流体流体连通，使得结构和屏障协同限制入口和 废气流，水和热量通过转移介质从工厂废气流转移到进入工厂的过程氧化剂流中。

公开(公告)号：US4923767A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-08

申请号：US239020

申请日：1988-06-24

申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Wolfgang M. Vogel

发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Wolfgang M. Vogel

IPC分类号： C02F5/08 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： C02F5/083 ,  H01M8/04029

摘要： A fuel cell powerplant 10 having a flow path 20 for an aqueous solution and a method for operating the powerplant are disclosed. The aqueous solution includes water, iron based compounds, and ferric hydrous oxide of a character that retards the deposition of iron based compounds on the interior of the conduit.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有用于水溶液的流路20的燃料电池动力装置10和用于操作动力装置的方法。 该水溶液包括水，铁基化合物和铁氧化物水合物，其特征在于阻止铁基化合物沉积在导管内部。

公开(公告)号：US4824738A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US157541

申请日：1988-02-12

申请人： Robert J. Misage ,  Daniel L. D'Aquila ,  Albert P. Grasso

发明人： Robert J. Misage ,  Daniel L. D'Aquila ,  Albert P. Grasso

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M2/32

CPC分类号： H01M8/04029

摘要： In order to achieve good stack water chemistry and minimize corrosion in a fuel cell stack water cooling loop, the oxygen concentration in the water must remain within a relatively narrow range. Stacks using steam separators produce water in the separators which is relatively devoid of oxygen. Makeup water is used to replace the steam lost from the separator, which makeup water is relatively rich in oxygen. The flow rates of the makeup water and steam separator water are controlled to produce a proper oxygen concentration in the recirculated coolant water. Some of the makeup water will be added directly into the steam separator so that it will be stripped of oxygen and the rest will be added subsequent to the steam separator.

公开(公告)号：US4344850A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-17

申请号：US226266

申请日：1981-01-19

申请人： Albert P. Grasso

发明人： Albert P. Grasso

IPC分类号： B01D19/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F1/28

CPC分类号： B01D19/00 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/0612

摘要： In a process for deaerating and purifying both the water which is recirculated in a coolant loop through a stack of fuel cells and the make-up water for the coolant loop, a portion of the water from the coolant loop is blown down into a deaerator water reservoir to which make-up water is added as required by the coolant loop. Water is withdrawn from the reservoir, purified, and then introduced into the coolant loop at a rate sufficient to maintain the desired amount of water circulating in the coolant loop. The blowdown provides some of the heat for deaerating the water; and the rate of blowdown flow into the reservoir is sufficient to maintain an acceptable level of impurities in the recirculating coolant loop water. Preferably, the blowdown flow rate is controlled as a function of the amount of make-up water required to be added to the coolant loop.

摘要翻译： 在将冷却剂回路中再循环的水通过燃料电池堆和用于冷却剂回路的补充水进行脱气和净化的过程中，来自冷却剂回路的一部分水被吹入除气水 储存器，根据冷却剂回路的要求添加补充水。 水从储存器中取出，净化，然后以足以保持在冷却剂回路中循环的所需量的水量的速率引入冷却剂回路中。 排污提供了一些用于使水脱气的热量; 并且进入储存器的排污速率足以在循环冷却剂回路水中保持可接受的杂质水平。 优选地，排污流量根据加入到冷却剂回路中的补充水的量来控制。