Abstract:
A multi-element optical detector having a planar array of detector elements is focused at the focal plane of an optical spectrometer by placing the detector with the detecting surface of the array facing the optical spectrometer and being substantially perpendicular to the axis of the path of the light from the optical spectra to the focal plane. Relative movement is provided between the detector and the focal plane along said axis so that the detector array is placed at several different positions with respect to the focal plane. At each position the output values of the detector elements of the array are measured and the second difference of the output values is determined by the equation (-F1+2.times.F2-F3), where F1, F2, and F3 are the output values of three of the elements. The optical detector is placed at the position which provides the maximum value of the second difference, which is the position of the focal plane.
Abstract:
An electron capture detector in which a thermionic source such as a filament provides electrons for the reaction in a source chamber having a port that connects to a detection chamber having a collector. Guard gas is introduced into the source chamber and sample gas into the detection chamber, and an exhaust port is provided in the detection chamber.
Abstract:
A system and method for storing, charging and monitoring one or more handheld electronic devices. A cabinet structure is provided that defines compartments. The cabinet structure supports a power supply, a controller, an interface, a camera, and alarms. Cables lead from each of the compartments to the power supply. The cables are terminated in the compartments with a variety of connector heads. The system is operated by a user utilizing an interface and a systems controller. When a user places a handheld electronic device in a compartment and connects that device to the appropriate connector head, a power connection is made. Furthermore, the controller assigns a unique access code to that connection. Should a person undue the connection without first entering the proper access code into said interface, then the camera and alarms are activated.
Abstract:
A system for facilitating exchange of user information and opinion using automated collaborative filtering includes memory elements for storing item profiles and user profiles. The data contained in those profiles is used to calculate a number of similarity factors representing how closely the preferences of one user correlate with another. The similarity factors are evaluated to select a set of neighboring users for each user which represents the set of users which most closely correlate with a particular user. The system assigns a weight to each one of the neighboring users. The system uses the ratings given to items by those neighboring users to recommend an item to a user. The system may be distributed, i.e. the system may include a number of nodes connected to a central server. The central server includes a memory element for storing user profile data and the nodes may be the type of system described above.
Abstract:
An object for providing isolated, hierarchical data storage can be used in a method for recommending an item to one of a plurality of users. The data object abstracts an associated physical memory element and provides an interface for storing data and retrieving data from the physical memory element. In some embodiments the data object is provided with an indicator for identifying another data object that is used if a memory request is unable to be serviced by the associated physical memory element. In other embodiments this data object can be used to efficiently and transparently store profile data associated with a system for recommending items to users.
Abstract:
The radio frequency powered gas discharge tube of an atomic emission detector is cooled with a flow of liquid, and means are provided for grounding points in the flow that are on opposite sides of the radio frequency field so as to reduce the amount of radio frequency energy escaping from the discharge tube in the liquid.
Abstract:
An oral liquid dose vial and seal combination is disclosed which requires no crimping or other tools for assembly. A graduated vial of the combination has a circumferential external lip substantially adjacent to its mouth. A unitary plastic seal for the vial has a base plate and an endless rib protruding from the base plate. The rib is configured to fit into the mouth of the vial and to sealingly engage interior walls of the vial. A lip rims the circumference of the base plate and includes inwardly protruding ribs which engage the lip of the vial. A grippable tab is attached to the lip of the seal. Portions of the lip of the vial have thin walls so as to be frangible and to break when the tab is pulled upwardly with a force exceeding a predetermined threshold level. When the frangible portions of the lip of the vial break, the lip partially separates from the base plate, and the entire seal is pulled off the vial by the upwardly directed force.